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William Deen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat red clover trifolium pratense l Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
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Approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat–red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2013Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
Amelie C M Gaudin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat red clover trifolium pratense l Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
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Approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat–red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2013Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
Ken Janovicek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat red clover trifolium pratense l Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
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Approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat–red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2013Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
R C Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat red clover trifolium pratense l Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
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Approaches to optimizing nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat–red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Relay Cropping system
Field Crops Research, 2013Co-Authors: Amelie C M Gaudin, Ken Janovicek, R C Martin, William DeenAbstract:Abstract Diversifying rotations by including winter wheat and red clover in Relay Cropping provides several advantages to temperate Cropping systems dominated by maize and soybean. To improve the environmental and economic benefits of introducing such Relay systems, approaches toward wheat N fertilization that consider the negative impact of high N rates on the interseeded legume must be developed. We conducted experiments at 10 locations across Ontario over two years to quantify the effects of N fertilization on soft winter wheat–red clover Relay Cropping system yields and estimated the N rate at which maximum economic return to N can be achieved. Both crops responded inversely to N fertilization independently of site and year but the competition mechanisms involved were different between the two growing seasons. Whereas the balance between the two species was significantly adjusted to wheat growth response to N and the resulting decrease in radiation reaching the clover canopy in 2006, low precipitation in the summer of 2007 severely affected red clover biomass accumulation. Using economic assumptions to estimate N and forage values of red clover biomass, we show that Relay Cropping consistently increased the average return to N investment across the N fertility gradient. Under our conditions, N applications at the maximum economic rate (MERN) for wheat grain yield alone significantly decreased the economic benefits of red clover when the forage value of the clover biomass was considered. High N rates also increased the likelihood of non-uniform red clover stands, possibly decreasing red clover benefits and its value as a system component. We demonstrate that reduction in N rates can maximize economic returns from both wheat and red clover and that higher partial profits can be reached using lower N inputs.
H Fogelfors - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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crop and weed growth in a sequence of spring barley and winter wheat crops established together from a spring sowing Relay Cropping
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2003Co-Authors: Ewa Roslon, H FogelforsAbstract:A Relay Cropping system of cereals, whereby winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was undersown in two-row spring barley (Hordeum distichum L.), was established in a field trial in central Sweden in 1999 and continued until 2000. The purpose of the study was to examine crop and weed responses to different plant densities of the undersown winter crop. Winter wheat was sown at four seed rates (187, 94, 47 and 0 kg ha -1 ) immediately after the sowing of barley. Barley was harvested in the first autumn after sowing and winter wheat in the second autumn. The grain yield of barley was not affected by the seed rate of wheat, and averaged 4580 kg ha -1 . Winter wheat did not vernalize during the first growing season but remained at the vegetative stage. The grain yield of wheat was 1990 kg ha -1 for the lowest and 5610 kg ha -1 for the highest seed rate of wheat. Whilst the undersowing process itself stimulated weed emergence in this experiment, increasing the undersowing seed rate reduced the population of perennial weeds by 40-70 %. In the second growing season, the total biomass of weeds was 66 % higher at the highest seed rate compared with the lowest seed rate.