The Experts below are selected from a list of 132 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Eric D Gould - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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internalizing externalities the pricing of space in shopping malls
The Journal of Law and Economics, 1998Co-Authors: Peter B Pashigian, Eric D GouldAbstract:Consumers are attracted to malls because of the presence of well-known anchors--department stores with recognized names. Anchors generate mall traffic that indirectly increases the sales of lesser-known mall stores. Lesser-known stores can free ride off of the reputations of better-known stores. Mall developers internalize these externalities by offering Rent subsidies to anchors and by charging Rent premiums to other mall tenants. We estimate that anchors receive a per foot Rent Subsidy of no less than 72 percent that which nonanchor stores pay. Anchors pay a lower Rent per square foot in larger malls (with several department stores) than in smaller malls (with fewer department stores), even though sales per square foot of anchors are the same in the two types of malls. In contrast, the sales and Rent per square foot of other mall stores are higher in superregional malls than in regional malls. Copyright 1998 by the University of Chicago.
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Internalizing Externalities: The Pricing of Space in Shopping Malls
The Journal of Law and Economics, 1998Co-Authors: B. Peter Pashigian, Eric D GouldAbstract:Consumers are attracted to malls because of the presence of well‐known anchors—department stores with recognized names. Anchors generate mall traffic that indirectly increases the sales of lesser‐known mall stores. Lesser‐known stores can free ride off of the reputations of better‐known stores. Mall developers internalize these externalities by offering Rent subsidies to anchors and by charging Rent premiums to other mall tenants. We estimate that anchors receive a per foot Rent Subsidy of no less than 72 percent that which nonanchor stores pay. Anchors pay a lower Rent per square foot in larger malls (with several department stores) than in smaller malls (with fewer department stores), even though sales per square foot of anchors are the same in the two types of malls. In contrast, the sales and Rent per square foot of other mall stores are higher in superregional malls than in regional malls.
Geoffrey B Nelson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Exploring the Value of Mixed Methods Within the At Home/Chez Soi Housing First Project: A Strategy to Evaluate the Implementation of a Complex Population Health Intervention for People With Mental Illness Who Have Been Homeless
Canadian Journal of Public Health, 2012Co-Authors: Eric L Macnaughton, Paula N Goering, Geoffrey B NelsonAbstract:Objectif: Ceci est une étude de cas méthodologique décrivant la stratégie à méthodes mixtes qui évalue la mise en œuvre du modèle de priorité au logement de l’initiative Chez Soi/At Home; nous traitons aussi de l’utilité de telles méthodes pour évaluer la mise en œuvre d’interventions complexes en santé des populations. Population cible: Le modèle de priorité au logement (PL) est appliqué dans cinq villes: Vancouver, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montréal et Moncton. Intervention: Chez Soi est un essai d’intervention qui s’attaque au problème de l’itinérance chez les personnes aux prises avec la maladie mentale. Le modèle de PL met l’accent sur les choix, l’espoir et la mise en rapport des gens avec des ressources qui comptent pour leur qualité de vie. L’un des éléments du modèle est le logement subventionné: une partie du loyer est payée par le projet, et les bénéficiaires ont un accès rapide à un appartement privé de leur choix; un deuxième élément est le soutien. Des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives ont été utilisées pour évaluer la mise en œuvre du modèle. Résultats: Selon les constatations de cette étude de cas, les ingrédients essentiels d’une intervention complexe, comme le modèle de PL, peuvent être adaptés à difféRents contextes tout en respectant la mise en œuvre de l’intervention sur le plan théorique. On a aussi constaté que l’emploi de méthodes mixtes facilite ce processus d’adaptation. Une autre utilité de cette approche est qu’elle permet de repérer les facteurs généraux et organisationnels (p. ex., l’offre de logements, la discrimination, la stratégie d’obtention de logements) qui influent sur la mise en œuvre des éléments clés du modèle de PL. Conclusion: Dans l’ensemble, l’approche mixte permet de savoir si les aspects clés de l’intervention sont mis en œuvre efficacement à difféRents endroits, et de quelle façon. Elle fournit donc des données de mise en œuvre à la fois rigoureuses, pratiques et adaptées au contexte. Objective: This paper is a methodological case study that describes the At Home/Chez Soi (Housing First) Initiative’s mixed-methods strategy for implementation evaluation and discusses the value of these methods in evaluating the implementation of such complex population health interventions. Target Population: The Housing First (HF) model is being implemented in five cities: Vancouver, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montréal and Moncton. Intervention: At Home/Chez Soi is an intervention trial that aims to address the issue of homelessness in people with mental health issues. The HF model emphasizes choices, hopefulness and connecting people with resources that make a difference to their quality of life. A component of HF is supported housing, which provides a Rent Subsidy and rapid access to housing of choice in private apartments; a second component is support. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate HF implementation. Outcomes: The findings of this case study illustrate how the critical ingredients of complex interventions, such as HF, can be adapted to diffeRent contexts while implementation fidelity is maintained at a theoretical level. The findings also illustrate how the project’s mixed methods approach helped to facilitate the adaptation process. Another value of this approach is that it identifies systemic and organizational factors (e.g., housing supply, discrimination, housing procurement strategy) that affect implementation of key elements of HF. Conclusion: In general, the approach provides information about both whether and how key aspects of the intervention are implemented effectively across diffeRent settings. It thus provides implementation data that are rigorous, contextually relevant and practical.
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Exploring the value of mixed methods within the At Home/Chez Soi housing first project: a strategy to evaluate the implementation of a complex population health intervention for people with mental illness who have been homeless.
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2012Co-Authors: Eric L Macnaughton, Paula N Goering, Geoffrey B NelsonAbstract:This paper is a methodological case study that describes the At Home/Chez Soi (Housing First) Initiative's mixed-methods strategy for implementation evaluation and discusses the value of these methods in evaluating the implementation of such complex population health interventions. The Housing First (HF) model is being implemented in five cities: Vancouver, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montréal and Moncton. At Home/Chez Soi is an intervention trial that aims to address the issue of homelessness in people with mental health issues. The HF model emphasizes choices, hopefulness and connecting people with resources that make a difference to their quality of life. A component of HF is supported housing, which provides a Rent Subsidy and rapid access to housing of choice in private apartments; a second component is support. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate HF implementation. The findings of this case study illustrate how the critical ingredients of complex interventions, such as HF, can be adapted to diffeRent contexts while implementation fidelity is maintained at a theoretical level. The findings also illustrate how the project's mixed methods approach helped to facilitate the adaptation process. Another value of this approach is that it identifies systemic and organizational factors (e.g., housing supply, discrimination, housing procurement strategy) that affect implementation of key elements of HF. In general, the approach provides information about both whether and how key aspects of the intervention are implemented effectively across diffeRent settings. It thus provides implementation data that are rigorous, contextually relevant and practical.
Robert A. Rosenheck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How do Housing Subsidies Improve Quality of Life Among Homeless Adults? A Mediation Analysis.
American journal of community psychology, 2018Co-Authors: Maria J. O'connell, Kyaw Sint, Robert A. RosenheckAbstract:Supported housing, combining Rent subsidies with intensive case management, is associated with improvements in quality of life of homeless adults, but factors mediating their impact on quality of life have not been studied. Twelve-month outcome data from a randomized trial of the Housing and Urban Development- Veterans Affairs Supported Housing program (HUD-VASH) showed that access to a housing Rent Subsidy plus intensive case management (ICM) was associated with greater improvement in subjective quality of life than ICM alone. Multiple mediation analyses were applied to identify variables that significantly mediated the relationship between receipt of housing voucher and improvements in quality of life. Significant mediating covariates were those whose 95% bias-corrected confidence intervals, when added to the model predicting improvement in quality of life, did not overlap zero. Increases in the number of days housed, size of social network, and availability of emotional support appear to mediate improvement in quality of life and account for 71% of the benefit attributable to having a Rent Subsidy. Improvement in subjective quality of life though housing subsidies is mediated by gains in both material and psychosocial factors. Mediating factors deserve special attention in supported housing services.
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DiffeRential Impact of Supported Housing on Selected Subgroups of Homeless Veterans With Substance Abuse Histories
Psychiatric services (Washington D.C.), 2012Co-Authors: Maria J. O'connell, Wesley J. Kasprow, Robert A. RosenheckAbstract:ObjectiveStudies have demonstrated that supported housing is an effective intervention for individuals who are homeless and have a mental illness or substance use disorder. This study examined data from an experimental trial of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development–Veterans Affairs Supported Housing (HUD-VASH) program to identify differences in the program’s impact on subgroups defined by sociodemographic or clinical characteristics.MethodsData were analyzed from 259 male homeless veterans with substance abuse problems who were randomly assigned to HUD-VASH (intensive case management [ICM] plus Rent Subsidy vouchers), ICM only, or treatment as usual between June 1992 and December 1995. Four subgroups were defined: African American versus Caucasian, younger versus older than 42.3 years, co-occurring diagnoses of mental illness versus diagnosis of a substance use disorder only, and active versus less active substance use upon program entry. Mixed models were used to identify significant inter...
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Rates and Risk Factors for Homelessness After Successful Housing in a Sample of Formerly Homeless Veterans
Psychiatric services (Washington D.C.), 2008Co-Authors: Maria J. O'connell, Wesley J. Kasprow, Robert A. RosenheckAbstract:Objective: Research suggests that subsidized housing combined with mental health services may be an effective intervention for successfully placing individuals who have a mental illness and a history of homelessness into community housing. However, there is limited longitudinal information available about the risk of loss of housing after a successful exit from homelessness. Methods: The study presented here examined the risk and predictors of returning to homelessness after successful housing in a sample of 392 formerly homeless veterans involved in an experimental trial of case management plus Rent Subsidy vouchers, case management only, or standard care. Results: Over the course of a fiveyear period, 44% of all participants experienced a period of homelessness for at least one day after successful placement into housing. Cox regression analysis found that participants in the case management plus voucher condition had significantly longer periods of continuous housing, compared with participants in the other two groups. Other predictors of decreased housing tenure were drug use and a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: Subsidized housing vouchers, combined with intensive case management, are advantageous both for facilitating the initial transition from homelessness to being housed and for reducing the risk of discontinuous housing, even among individuals with more severe substance abuse problems. (Psychiatric Services 59: 268–275, 2008)
Geert Ridder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rent assistance and housing demand
Journal of Public Economics, 1997Co-Authors: Ruud H. Koning, Geert RidderAbstract:Abstract We examine the effect of a Rent Subsidy program. Rent Assistance, on the demand for Rental housing in The Netherlands. The RA program lowers the marginal price of housing services if households consume more than a minimal amount. To estimate the effect of the program we develop a structural model of housing demand that takes account of the partial take-up of the Subsidy. We estimate a reduced form that is compatible with the structural model and we test the restrictions that the structural model imposes on the reduced form. These restrictions are not rejected if we allow for application costs. We use the model to decompose the observed difference in housing demand into income, price and preference heterogeneity effects, to examine the effect of application costs and to study the total effect of RA on housing demand.
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Rent assistance and housing demand
Serie Research Memoranda, 1993Co-Authors: Ruud H. Koning, Geert RidderAbstract:We examine the effect of a Rent Subsidy program, Rent Assistance, on the demand for Rental housing in The Netherlands. Low-income households with a Rent that exceeds a norm Rent, but is smaller than a maximum Rent are eligible for this Subsidy, that is equal to a fraction of the difference between the Rent and the norm Rent. The RA program lowers the marginal price of housing services, but in order to get this price rcduction households have to pay an implicit entry fee. To estimate the effect of the program we develop a structural model of housing demand. This model takes account of the partial take-up of the Subsidy. We estirnate a reduced form that is compatible with the structural model and we test the restrictions that the structural model imposes on the reduced form. We find that if we allow for application costs the structural restrictions are not rejected by the data. We use the model to decompose the observed difference in housing demand into income-, price and preference heterogeneity effects, to examine the effect of application costs and to study the total effect of RA on housing demand.
Jae-su Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Impacts of Locational and Neighborhood Environmental Factors on the Spatial Clustering Pattern of Small Urban Houses: A Case of Urban Residential Housing in Seoul
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Myung-cheul Shin, Gwang-mun Shin, Jae-su LeeAbstract:Small housing has gained prominence in the housing market due to substantial shifts of both population and household structures in Korea. The study aims to examine the spatial clustering pattern of urban residential houses (URHs) in terms of the spatial statistics, and analyze the impacts of both locational and neighborhood residential factors on the formation of the spatial clustering pattern in the Seoul metropolitan area. It is found that the URHs represent a significant spatial clustering pattern based on the census tracts. The hotspots are mostly found in the outskirts of Seoul, where the development of small houses has been concentrated for ten years. Also, both locational and neighborhood residential factors have significant effects on the hotspot formation of the URH. The hotspots are more likely to be found in areas having many available sites for development, high demand for habitation, and high expected profits from developing small residences. Another significant factor is access to public transit, amenities, and employment centers. Therefore, it is necessary to design a Rent Subsidy program for potential residents and to encourage the development of housing in nearby hotspots with relatively lower land values. It is also important to establish policies and strategies for planning the housing supply and managing the residential environment in low-rise residential areas.