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Domenico Otranto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Starvation and overwinter do not affect the Reproductive Fitness of Rhipicephalus sanguineus.
Veterinary parasitology, 2011Co-Authors: Filipe Dantas-torres, Alessio Giannelli, Domenico OtrantoAbstract:Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the most widespread tick in the world, being able to survive under different climate conditions. In this study, the longevity of R. sanguineus was investigated under laboratory and natural climate conditions in southern Italy. Moreover, the Reproductive Fitness of females after overwintering was assessed. In the environment, unfed larvae, nymphs and adults were able to survive for up to 34, 40 and 385 days, respectively. However, the longevity of larvae (44 days), nymphs (54 days) and adults (584 days) in the laboratory was longer. Adult ticks that had overwintered under natural climate conditions were able to feed and give rise to viable larvae, after 40 weeks of starvation. Thereby, it is demonstrated that R. sanguineus is able to overwinter in southern Italy, without any prejudice to its Fitness. These findings advance our knowledge on the natural history of R. sanguineus in nature and provide new insights into the epidemiology of certain tick-borne diseases in southern Europe as well as into the risk for their introduction in northern European countries.
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Starvation and overwinter do not affect the Reproductive Fitness of Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Veterinary Parasitology, 2011Co-Authors: Filipe Dantas-torres, Alessio Giannelli, Domenico OtrantoAbstract:a b s t r a c t Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the most widespread tick in the world, being able to survive under different climate conditions. In this study, the longevity of R. sanguineus was investigated under laboratory and natural climate conditions in southern Italy. Moreover, the Reproductive Fitness of females after overwintering was assessed. In the environment, unfed larvae, nymphs and adults were able to survive for up to 34, 40 and 385 days, respectively. However, the longevity of larvae (44 days), nymphs (54 days) and adults (584 days) in the laboratory was longer. Adult ticks that had overwintered under natural climate conditions were able to feed and give rise to viable larvae, after 40 weeks of starvation. Thereby, it is demonstrated that R. sanguineus is able to overwinter in southern Italy, without any prejudice to its Fitness. These findings advance our knowledge on the natural history of R. sanguineus in nature and provide new insights into the epidemiology of certain tickborne diseases in southern Europe as well as into the risk for their introduction in northern European countries. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Craig R. Primmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex‐specific effects on Reproductive Fitness in wild Atlantic salmon
Molecular ecology, 2020Co-Authors: Kenyon B. Mobley, Hanna Granroth-wilding, Mikko Ellmen, Panu Orell, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. PrimmerAbstract:In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that Fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific Reproductive Fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW, measured in years), and years spent in the marine environment as adults (sea age, SW, measured in sea winters) on 264 sexually mature adults collected on a river spawning ground. We then estimated Reproductive Fitness as the number of offspring (Reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5,000 offspring). Sea age is significantly and positively correlated with Reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest Reproductive Fitness benefits (females: 62.2% increase in offspring/SW and 34.8% increase in mate number/SW; males: 201.9% offspring/SW and 60.3% mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was significantly related to older sea age and thus increased Reproductive Fitness, but only among females (females: -33.9% offspring/FW and -32.4% mates/FW). This result implies that females can obtain higher Reproductive Fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and Reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and more males returned at a younger age than females despite the Reproductive Fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female Reproductive Fitness, demonstrating a life history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.
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time spent in distinct life history stages has sex specific effects on Reproductive Fitness in wild atlantic salmon
Molecular Ecology, 2020Co-Authors: Kenyon B. Mobley, Mikko Ellmen, Panu Orell, Jaakko Erkinaro, Hanna Granrothwilding, Craig R. PrimmerAbstract:In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that Fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific Reproductive Fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW, measured in years), and years spent in the marine environment as adults (sea age, SW, measured in sea winters) on 264 sexually mature adults collected on a river spawning ground. We then estimated Reproductive Fitness as the number of offspring (Reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5,000 offspring). Sea age is significantly and positively correlated with Reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest Reproductive Fitness benefits (females: 62.2% increase in offspring/SW and 34.8% increase in mate number/SW; males: 201.9% offspring/SW and 60.3% mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was significantly related to older sea age and thus increased Reproductive Fitness, but only among females (females: -33.9% offspring/FW and -32.4% mates/FW). This result implies that females can obtain higher Reproductive Fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and Reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and more males returned at a younger age than females despite the Reproductive Fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female Reproductive Fitness, demonstrating a life history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.
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Time spent in distinct life-history stages has sex-specific effects on Reproductive Fitness in wild Atlantic salmon
2019Co-Authors: Kenyon B. Mobley, Hanna Granroth-wilding, Mikko Ellmen, Panu Orell, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. PrimmerAbstract:In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that Fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a four-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific Reproductive Fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW), and years spent in the marine environment prior to sexual maturation (sea age, SW) on 264 spawning adults. We then estimated Reproductive Fitness as the number of offspring (Reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5000 offspring). Sea age is positively correlated with Reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest Reproductive Fitness benefits (females: increase of 16.5 offspring/SW and 0.86 mates/SW; males: increase of 12.4 offspring/SW and 0.43 mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was related to older sea age and thus increased Reproductive Fitness, but only among females (females: -9.0 offspring/FW and -0.80 mates/FW). This implies that females can obtain higher Reproductive Fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and Reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and males returned to spawn earlier than females despite the Fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female Reproductive Fitness, demonstrating a life-history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.
Hang Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the bracts of the alpine glasshouse plant rheum alexandrae polygonaceae enhance Reproductive Fitness of its pollinating seed consuming mutualist
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015Co-Authors: Bo Song, Jürg Stöcklin, De-li Peng, Yong-qian Gao, Hang SunAbstract:Environmental conditions are known to affect the Reproductive Fitness of insects, as do host plants. Although the highly specialized bracts of Himalayan 'glasshouse' plants are thought to be an adaptive morphology that allows the plant to reproduce in harsh alpine environments, little information appears to exist concerning the benefit of these bracts for the pollinating insects. In this study, we examine whether the semi-translucent bracts of Rheum alexandrae, a giant herb endemic to the alpine zone of the Hengduan Mountains in south-western China, enhance the Reproductive Fitness of its pollinator. Rheum alexandrae depends mainly on mutualistic seed-consuming Bradysia flies for pollination. Bracts increased interior temperature on sunny days, acted as a buffer against fluctuating air humidity, greatly decreased the intensities of ultraviolet B/C radiation and provided shelter from strong winds. Bract removal significantly decreased adult oviposition and offspring performance of pollinators during flowering and fruiting, respectively. Our results indicate that the bracts of R. alexandrae enhance the Reproductive Fitness of its pollinating seed-consuming mutualist in alpine environments, which may be attributed to the positive effects of the bracts on the interior microenvironment. (C) 2015 The Linnean Society of London.
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The bracts of the alpine ‘glasshouse’ plant Rheum alexandrae (Polygonaceae) enhance Reproductive Fitness of its pollinating seed‐consuming mutualist
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015Co-Authors: Bo Song, Jürg Stöcklin, De-li Peng, Yong-qian Gao, Hang SunAbstract:Environmental conditions are known to affect the Reproductive Fitness of insects, as do host plants. Although the highly specialized bracts of Himalayan 'glasshouse' plants are thought to be an adaptive morphology that allows the plant to reproduce in harsh alpine environments, little information appears to exist concerning the benefit of these bracts for the pollinating insects. In this study, we examine whether the semi-translucent bracts of Rheum alexandrae, a giant herb endemic to the alpine zone of the Hengduan Mountains in south-western China, enhance the Reproductive Fitness of its pollinator. Rheum alexandrae depends mainly on mutualistic seed-consuming Bradysia flies for pollination. Bracts increased interior temperature on sunny days, acted as a buffer against fluctuating air humidity, greatly decreased the intensities of ultraviolet B/C radiation and provided shelter from strong winds. Bract removal significantly decreased adult oviposition and offspring performance of pollinators during flowering and fruiting, respectively. Our results indicate that the bracts of R. alexandrae enhance the Reproductive Fitness of its pollinating seed-consuming mutualist in alpine environments, which may be attributed to the positive effects of the bracts on the interior microenvironment. (C) 2015 The Linnean Society of London.
Filipe Dantas-torres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Starvation and overwinter do not affect the Reproductive Fitness of Rhipicephalus sanguineus.
Veterinary parasitology, 2011Co-Authors: Filipe Dantas-torres, Alessio Giannelli, Domenico OtrantoAbstract:Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the most widespread tick in the world, being able to survive under different climate conditions. In this study, the longevity of R. sanguineus was investigated under laboratory and natural climate conditions in southern Italy. Moreover, the Reproductive Fitness of females after overwintering was assessed. In the environment, unfed larvae, nymphs and adults were able to survive for up to 34, 40 and 385 days, respectively. However, the longevity of larvae (44 days), nymphs (54 days) and adults (584 days) in the laboratory was longer. Adult ticks that had overwintered under natural climate conditions were able to feed and give rise to viable larvae, after 40 weeks of starvation. Thereby, it is demonstrated that R. sanguineus is able to overwinter in southern Italy, without any prejudice to its Fitness. These findings advance our knowledge on the natural history of R. sanguineus in nature and provide new insights into the epidemiology of certain tick-borne diseases in southern Europe as well as into the risk for their introduction in northern European countries.
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Starvation and overwinter do not affect the Reproductive Fitness of Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Veterinary Parasitology, 2011Co-Authors: Filipe Dantas-torres, Alessio Giannelli, Domenico OtrantoAbstract:a b s t r a c t Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the most widespread tick in the world, being able to survive under different climate conditions. In this study, the longevity of R. sanguineus was investigated under laboratory and natural climate conditions in southern Italy. Moreover, the Reproductive Fitness of females after overwintering was assessed. In the environment, unfed larvae, nymphs and adults were able to survive for up to 34, 40 and 385 days, respectively. However, the longevity of larvae (44 days), nymphs (54 days) and adults (584 days) in the laboratory was longer. Adult ticks that had overwintered under natural climate conditions were able to feed and give rise to viable larvae, after 40 weeks of starvation. Thereby, it is demonstrated that R. sanguineus is able to overwinter in southern Italy, without any prejudice to its Fitness. These findings advance our knowledge on the natural history of R. sanguineus in nature and provide new insights into the epidemiology of certain tickborne diseases in southern Europe as well as into the risk for their introduction in northern European countries. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Kenyon B. Mobley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex‐specific effects on Reproductive Fitness in wild Atlantic salmon
Molecular ecology, 2020Co-Authors: Kenyon B. Mobley, Hanna Granroth-wilding, Mikko Ellmen, Panu Orell, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. PrimmerAbstract:In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that Fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific Reproductive Fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW, measured in years), and years spent in the marine environment as adults (sea age, SW, measured in sea winters) on 264 sexually mature adults collected on a river spawning ground. We then estimated Reproductive Fitness as the number of offspring (Reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5,000 offspring). Sea age is significantly and positively correlated with Reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest Reproductive Fitness benefits (females: 62.2% increase in offspring/SW and 34.8% increase in mate number/SW; males: 201.9% offspring/SW and 60.3% mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was significantly related to older sea age and thus increased Reproductive Fitness, but only among females (females: -33.9% offspring/FW and -32.4% mates/FW). This result implies that females can obtain higher Reproductive Fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and Reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and more males returned at a younger age than females despite the Reproductive Fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female Reproductive Fitness, demonstrating a life history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.
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time spent in distinct life history stages has sex specific effects on Reproductive Fitness in wild atlantic salmon
Molecular Ecology, 2020Co-Authors: Kenyon B. Mobley, Mikko Ellmen, Panu Orell, Jaakko Erkinaro, Hanna Granrothwilding, Craig R. PrimmerAbstract:In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that Fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a 4-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific Reproductive Fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW, measured in years), and years spent in the marine environment as adults (sea age, SW, measured in sea winters) on 264 sexually mature adults collected on a river spawning ground. We then estimated Reproductive Fitness as the number of offspring (Reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5,000 offspring). Sea age is significantly and positively correlated with Reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest Reproductive Fitness benefits (females: 62.2% increase in offspring/SW and 34.8% increase in mate number/SW; males: 201.9% offspring/SW and 60.3% mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was significantly related to older sea age and thus increased Reproductive Fitness, but only among females (females: -33.9% offspring/FW and -32.4% mates/FW). This result implies that females can obtain higher Reproductive Fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and Reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and more males returned at a younger age than females despite the Reproductive Fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female Reproductive Fitness, demonstrating a life history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.
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Time spent in distinct life-history stages has sex-specific effects on Reproductive Fitness in wild Atlantic salmon
2019Co-Authors: Kenyon B. Mobley, Hanna Granroth-wilding, Mikko Ellmen, Panu Orell, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. PrimmerAbstract:In species with complex life cycles, life history theory predicts that Fitness is affected by conditions encountered in previous life history stages. Here, we use a four-year pedigree to investigate if time spent in two distinct life history stages has sex-specific Reproductive Fitness consequences in anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We determined the amount of years spent in fresh water as juveniles (freshwater age, FW), and years spent in the marine environment prior to sexual maturation (sea age, SW) on 264 spawning adults. We then estimated Reproductive Fitness as the number of offspring (Reproductive success) and the number of mates (mating success) using genetic parentage analysis (>5000 offspring). Sea age is positively correlated with Reproductive and mating success of both sexes whereby older and larger individuals gained the highest Reproductive Fitness benefits (females: increase of 16.5 offspring/SW and 0.86 mates/SW; males: increase of 12.4 offspring/SW and 0.43 mates/SW). Younger freshwater age was related to older sea age and thus increased Reproductive Fitness, but only among females (females: -9.0 offspring/FW and -0.80 mates/FW). This implies that females can obtain higher Reproductive Fitness by transitioning to the marine environment earlier. In contrast, male mating and Reproductive success was unaffected by freshwater age and males returned to spawn earlier than females despite the Fitness advantage of later sea age maturation. Our results show that the timing of transitions between juvenile and adult phases has a sex-specific consequence on female Reproductive Fitness, demonstrating a life-history trade-off between maturation and reproduction in wild Atlantic salmon.
