The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yong Qian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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co effects of fuel Research Octane Number and ethanol injection ratio on dual fuel spark ignition engine
International Journal of Engine Research, 2021Co-Authors: Yong Qian, Yuan Feng, Chenxu Jiang, Qiyan ZhouAbstract:The combustion and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel spark-ignition engine with direct injection of gasoline surrogates and port injection of ethanol were studied. Toluene reference fuel with...
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Engine performance and Octane on demand studies of a dual fuel spark ignition engine with ethanol/gasoline surrogates as fuel
Energy Conversion and Management, 2019Co-Authors: Yong Qian, Guibin Liu, Jinjing Guo, Yahui Zhang, Lei ZhuAbstract:Abstract For gasoline preparation, it is necessary to control the fuel’s Octane Number, which often affects production costs. Ethanol is widely used as gasoline alternative fuel with high Octane Number. In this paper, based on a modified dual fuel spark ignition engine, studies of port injection of ethanol and direct injection of gasoline surrogates (toluene reference fuel) were conducted. The results revealed that when direct injection of toluene reference fuel with Research Octane Number of 90, with the increase of ethanol injection ratio, the flame development duration and rapid combustion duration were prolonged (about 2°CA and 3°CA, respectively). Meanwhile, nitrogen oxide emissions, total hydrocarbon emissions, ethane, isopentane, cyclohexane, olefins and aromatics gradually decreased. For direct injection of fuels with different Research Octane Number and port injection ratio of ethanol fixed at 21%, even when the Research Octane Number of gasoline surrogates was as low as 75, the combustion history and engine efficiency were close to those of fuel with Research Octane Number of 95. In particular, the indicated thermal efficiency of dual fuel spark ignition mode with direct injection of fuel with Research Octane Number of 75 combined with 35% ethanol ratio was similar to that of direct injected spark ignition mode fueled with Research Octane Number of 95 under respective knock limited spark timings.
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A comprehensive study of fuel reactivity on reactivity controlled compression ignition engine: Based on gasoline and diesel surrogates
Fuel, 2019Co-Authors: Yebing Mao, Qiyan Zhou, Yong QianAbstract:Abstract Based on three-component gasoline surrogates and five-component diesel surrogates, the effects of fuel reactivity of port injection fuel and direct injection fuel on combustion and emission characteristics of reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode were systematically studied. The Research Octane Number of port injection fuels and cetane Number of direct injection fuels were modulated by changing the proportions of n-alkanes and iso-alkanes in surrogates. The results show that both the cetane Number of direct injection fuel and Research Octane Number of port injection fuel played the key role in the combustion phase of RCCI mode. When port injection fuel with Research Octane Number ≤ 90, the low temperature heat release would occur. For premixed ratio of 0.8 and with RON70/CN55 as fuel, the CO emissions were the lowest (as low as 1585 ppm). Increasing the premixed ratio was an effective solution for suppressing NOx and particulate matter emissions. For premixed ratio increased from 0.4 to 0.8, the peak value of nuclear mode particulates decreased from 109 to 107. Increasing the cetane Number of direct injection fuels or lowering the Research Octane Number of port injection fuels inhibited the emissions of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethylene, propylene, acetylene and 1,3-butadiene effectively. Port injection of low Research Octane Number was beneficial to reducing indicated specific fuel consumption. Fuel combination with port injection of RON70, direct injection of CN55 and premixed ratio of 0.8 was recommended taking into account of fuel consumption, and regulated/unregulated gas emissions.
Lei Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Engine performance and Octane on demand studies of a dual fuel spark ignition engine with ethanol/gasoline surrogates as fuel
Energy Conversion and Management, 2019Co-Authors: Yong Qian, Guibin Liu, Jinjing Guo, Yahui Zhang, Lei ZhuAbstract:Abstract For gasoline preparation, it is necessary to control the fuel’s Octane Number, which often affects production costs. Ethanol is widely used as gasoline alternative fuel with high Octane Number. In this paper, based on a modified dual fuel spark ignition engine, studies of port injection of ethanol and direct injection of gasoline surrogates (toluene reference fuel) were conducted. The results revealed that when direct injection of toluene reference fuel with Research Octane Number of 90, with the increase of ethanol injection ratio, the flame development duration and rapid combustion duration were prolonged (about 2°CA and 3°CA, respectively). Meanwhile, nitrogen oxide emissions, total hydrocarbon emissions, ethane, isopentane, cyclohexane, olefins and aromatics gradually decreased. For direct injection of fuels with different Research Octane Number and port injection ratio of ethanol fixed at 21%, even when the Research Octane Number of gasoline surrogates was as low as 75, the combustion history and engine efficiency were close to those of fuel with Research Octane Number of 95. In particular, the indicated thermal efficiency of dual fuel spark ignition mode with direct injection of fuel with Research Octane Number of 75 combined with 35% ethanol ratio was similar to that of direct injected spark ignition mode fueled with Research Octane Number of 95 under respective knock limited spark timings.
S. Mani Sarathy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Role of Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release in Octane Sensitivity of Fuels with Matching Research Octane Number
Energy & Fuels, 2021Co-Authors: Eshan Singh, S. Mani SarathyAbstract:This work was supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) with funds allocated to the Clean Combustion Research Center. We gratefully acknowledge contributions from the KAUST Clean Fuels Consortium (KCFC) and its member companies.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pyrolysis of gasoline surrogates (n-heptane/iso-Octane/toluene)
Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2019Co-Authors: Can Shao, Haoyi Wang, Nour Atef, Zhandong Wang, Bingjie Chen, Maram Almalki, Yan Zhang, Chuangchuang Cao, Jiuzhong Yang, S. Mani SarathyAbstract:Abstract Toluene primary reference fuels (TPRFs), i.e., a ternary mixture of toluene, n-heptane and iso-Octane, better match the combustion properties of real gasoline fuels compared to simpler binary n-heptane/iso-Octane mixtures. While there has been significant Research on combustion of n-heptane/iso-Octane mixtures, fundamental data characterizing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) formation in TPRFs combustion is lacking, especially under pyrolysis conditions. In this work, the pyrolysis of two TPRF mixtures (TPRF70 and TPRF97.5), representing low Octane (Research Octane Number 70) and high Octane (Research Octane Number 97.5) gasolines, respectively, was studied in a jet-stirred reactor coupled with gas chromatography (GC) analysis and a flow reactor coupled with synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization molecular beam mass spectrometry (SVUV-PI-MBMS). The experiments indicate that pyrolysis of TPRF70 produced slightly higher benzene and naphthalene than TPRF97.5. In contrast, TPRF97.5 pyrolysis produced slightly higher phenanthrene and pyrene than TPRF70. The mole fraction profiles of aromatics from benzene to pyrene were used to validate TPRF kinetic models from the literature. Specifically, the KAUST-Aramco PAH Mech 1-GS kinetic model was updated to match and elucidate the experimental observations. The kinetic analysis reveals that propargyl radical is a crucial intermediate forming benzene and naphthalene, while benzyl radical, generated from the dehydrogenation of toluene, plays an important role in formation of larger PAHs.
Qiyan Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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co effects of fuel Research Octane Number and ethanol injection ratio on dual fuel spark ignition engine
International Journal of Engine Research, 2021Co-Authors: Yong Qian, Yuan Feng, Chenxu Jiang, Qiyan ZhouAbstract:The combustion and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel spark-ignition engine with direct injection of gasoline surrogates and port injection of ethanol were studied. Toluene reference fuel with...
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A comprehensive study of fuel reactivity on reactivity controlled compression ignition engine: Based on gasoline and diesel surrogates
Fuel, 2019Co-Authors: Yebing Mao, Qiyan Zhou, Yong QianAbstract:Abstract Based on three-component gasoline surrogates and five-component diesel surrogates, the effects of fuel reactivity of port injection fuel and direct injection fuel on combustion and emission characteristics of reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode were systematically studied. The Research Octane Number of port injection fuels and cetane Number of direct injection fuels were modulated by changing the proportions of n-alkanes and iso-alkanes in surrogates. The results show that both the cetane Number of direct injection fuel and Research Octane Number of port injection fuel played the key role in the combustion phase of RCCI mode. When port injection fuel with Research Octane Number ≤ 90, the low temperature heat release would occur. For premixed ratio of 0.8 and with RON70/CN55 as fuel, the CO emissions were the lowest (as low as 1585 ppm). Increasing the premixed ratio was an effective solution for suppressing NOx and particulate matter emissions. For premixed ratio increased from 0.4 to 0.8, the peak value of nuclear mode particulates decreased from 109 to 107. Increasing the cetane Number of direct injection fuels or lowering the Research Octane Number of port injection fuels inhibited the emissions of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethylene, propylene, acetylene and 1,3-butadiene effectively. Port injection of low Research Octane Number was beneficial to reducing indicated specific fuel consumption. Fuel combination with port injection of RON70, direct injection of CN55 and premixed ratio of 0.8 was recommended taking into account of fuel consumption, and regulated/unregulated gas emissions.
Robert W. Dibble - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Octane Numbers of Primary and Mixed Alcohols from Biomass-Based Syngas
Energy & Fuels, 2014Co-Authors: Vi H. Rapp, J. Hunter Mack, Philipp Tschann, Wolfgang Hable, Robert J. Cattolica, Robert W. DibbleAbstract:Primary alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-pentanol) derived from biomass offer a sustainable fuel source that can improve efficiency while reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, the performance of these primary alcohols in spark-ignited engines is relatively unknown. In this work, the performance of primary alcohols was experimentally determined using the Research Octane Number (RON) and the blending Research Octane Number (BRON). The primary alcohol mixture, or “AlcoMix,” consists of 75% ethanol, 11% 1-propanol, 8% 1-butanol, and 6% 1-pentanol and was approved by the U.S. EPA for use in blending with gasoline. This mixture is the probable outcome of the thermochemical conversion of biomass using Fischer–Tropsch chemistry with synthesis gas. The purpose of this Research was to determine whether AlcoMix might be a suitable replacement for ethanol in fuel blending as an antiknock blending component for spark-ignited engines. As an indicative measure of knock resistance, the RONs of ...
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Investigation of biofuels from microorganism metabolism for use as anti-knock additives
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: J. Hunter Mack, Vi H. Rapp, Malte Broeckelmann, Taek Soon Lee, Robert W. DibbleAbstract:Abstract This paper investigates the anti-knock properties of biofuels that can be produced from microorganism metabolic processes. The biofuels are rated using Research Octane Number (RON) and Blending Research Octane Number (BRON), which determine their potential as additives for fuel in spark ignition (SI) engines. Tests were conducted using a single-cylinder Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) engine and performance of the biofuels was compared to primary reference fuels (PRFs). The investigated fuels include 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol (isobutanol), and limonene. Results show that 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, and 2-methylpropan-1-ol (isobutanol) sufficiently improve the anti-knock properties of gasoline.