The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

David T Takeuchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the psychological cost of racial discrimination what is the role of Residential Segregation
    American Journal of Community Psychology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Thanh V Tran, David T Takeuchi
    Abstract:

    : Racial discrimination is known to harm health, but to what extent the health burden of racial discrimination is contingent on Residential contexts is understudied. This study examines the moderating role of racial Residential Segregation in the relationship between racial discrimination and psychological distress. Nationally representative data from the 2002-2003 National Latino and Asian American Study were merged with metropolitan-level data from the U.S. Census. Logistic regression models were used to test the independent and joint contributions of racial discrimination and Residential Segregation to psychological distress among Asians and Latinxs, stratified by nativity status. Higher Residential Segregation (measured by the interaction index) is associated with lower odds of distress among U.S.-born Asians but not among other groups. As for the moderating effect, Residential Segregation exacerbates the positive association between discrimination and distress among foreign-born Asians (measured by the dissimilarity index) and foreign-born Latinxs (measured by the interaction index), but not among their respective U.S.-born counterparts. Taken together, the present study highlights that strategies to mitigate the psychological burden of racial discrimination need to move beyond individual-level efforts to incorporate neighborhood-based approaches. In particular, results provide empirical support for efforts to reduce Residential Segregation, particularly among immigrants who are discriminated against.

  • Residential Segregation and racial ethnic disparities in ambient air pollution
    Race and Social Problems, 2019
    Co-Authors: Nicole Kravitzwirtz, Victoria Sass, Kyle Crowder, Samantha Teixeira, David T Takeuchi
    Abstract:

    Race and ethnicity are consequential constructs when it comes to exposure to air pollution. Persistent environmental racial/ethnic inequalities call for attention to identifying the factors that maintain them. We examined associations between racial Residential Segregation and racial/ethnic inequalities in exposure to three types of air pollutants. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1990–2011), the U.S. Census (1990–2010), and the Environmental Protection Agency, we tested the independent and joint contributions of race/ethnicity and metropolitan-level Residential Segregation on individual levels of exposure to air pollution nationwide. We found that racial and ethnic minorities were exposed to significantly higher levels of air pollution compared to Whites. The difference between minorities and Whites in exposure to all three types of air pollution was most pronounced in metropolitan areas with high levels of Residential Segregation. The environmental inequities observed in this study call for public health and policy initiatives to ameliorate the sources of racial/ethnic gaps in pollution exposure. Given the links between the physical environment and health, addressing such uneven environmental burdens may be a promising way to improve population health and decrease racial/ethnic inequalities therein.

David Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Residential Segregation and Existing Neighbourhood Pattern in
    Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Aliyu Ahmad Aliyu, Rozilah Kasim, Abdullahi Ali Abdu, David Martin
    Abstract:

    Residential Segregation could be regarded as a process whereby two or more distinct communities who formerly lived together separate from one another due to many factors. Residential Segregation is not only applicable to small communities but rather to a larger region. As a result of the ongoing civil unrest that engulfed the city of Jos, there has been a process of Residential mobility and relocation among people of different faith. The paper is aimed at examining the implication of intangible location attributes on Residential mobility, Segregation and relocation in Jos town. Stratified random sampling technique was employed in order to come up with the sample needed to conduct the research. The data needed for the research were retrieved through structured, semi-structured and unstructured interview method of data collection. A qualitative method and approach of data analysis through the use of a thematic network analysis was incorporated in order to analyse the data gotten from the interview survey. The results uncovered that Residential Segregation in the study area leads to change in the Residential pattern of Jos town. The variations and trends in the sales and rental value of Residential properties were greatly affected as a result of the persisting Residential Segregation. The research concludes that Residential Segregation has a great implication on land and landed property value as variations in the values of Residential properties is noticeable. There is a need for those in authority to take a decisive action in order to overcome and halt the persisting mobility and relocation in the study area. Keywords: existing neighbourhood pattern, Residential mobility, Residential pattern, Residential relocation and Residential Segregation.

  • Framework of the Existing Patterns of Residential Segregation and Housing Quality in Nigeria
    Research on humanities and social sciences, 2020
    Co-Authors: Maryam Salihu Muhammad, Rozilah Kasim, David Martin, Aliyu Ahmad Aliyu
    Abstract:

    Residential Segregation, the spatial separation of population sub-groups within a given geographical area, is a phenomenon which is prevalent in both developed and developing countries like Nigeria. This study sought to contribute to existing knowledge by reviewing the existing patterns of Residential Segregation and housing quality in Nigeria, and developing a framework for the existing patterns of Residential Segregation and housing quality. The study established that the existing Residential Segregation patterns are based mainly on religion, ethnicity, age and income; and the factors responsible for Residential Segregation in the study area are individual and aggregate socioeconomic characteristics, individual preference/taste/choice of neighbourhood and political/institutional factors. While the indicators of housing quality in the study area are building design, type of roofing and wall materials, condition and age of buildings, the type of internal facilities and the source of lighting. And the framework showed that there is a relationship between the factors responsible for Residential Segregation and housing quality in the study area. Keywords: Framework, Patterns, Residential Segregation, Housing Quality, Bauchi

  • Residential Segregation in Northern Nigeria
    2019
    Co-Authors: Maryam Salihu Muhammad, Rozilah Kasim, David Martin
    Abstract:

    The spatial separation of population sub-groups within a given geographical area, is a phenomenon which is prevalent in both developed and developing countries like Nigeria. In the past, Residential Segregation in Northern Nigeria was characterised by Residential separation along ethnic lines which led to the emergence of non-indigene settlements known as the “Sabon Gari” and in the present time it is found along religious lines. This book examined the factors that influence Residential Segregation and its patterns in selected areas of Bauchi metropolis in Northern Nigeria, and also the significance of the factors on Residential Segregation in the study area. The book reports that the main factors influencing Residential Segregation in Bauchi are individual and aggregate socioeconomic characteristics, and individual preference/taste/choice of neighbourhood. This book will be useful to scholars and professionals of urban studies, and relevant authorities and stakeholders in formulating policies on housing.

  • A Review of Residential Segregation and Its Consequences in Nigeria
    Mediterranean journal of social sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Maryam Salihu Muhammad, Rozilah Kasim, David Martin
    Abstract:

    Residential Segregation, the spatial separation of population sub-groups within a given geographical area, is a phenomenon which is prevalent in both developed and developing countries like Nigeria. This paper is aimed at reviewing Residential Segregation in Nigeria with specific reference to Northern Nigeria. The objectives of the paper are to review Residential Segregation from the pre-colonial to post-colonial era, and review its consequences in Nigeria. Prior to the colonial administration in Nigeria there existed no Residential Segregation based on race, ethnic or religious lines. The divide and rule policy of the British colonial administrators in Nigeria brought about Residential Segregation through the creation of ‘Sabon Gari’ settlements, which are occupied by the non-natives of Northern Nigeria. Residential Segregation in Nigeria was reviewed in phases, that is, during the pre-colonial, colonial and the post-colonial era. In the final section of the paper the consequences of Residential Segregation in Nigeria, such as the socio-spatial division of households by income (high, medium and low density), inaccessibility of the poor to affordable housing, inadequate provision of infrastructure in the high density Residential areas, and most importantly the cause of ethno-religious conflicts in across Nigeria, was discussed. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s1p376

  • An Evaluation of Factors Influencing Residential Segregation in Selected Areas of Bauchi Metropolis, Northern Nigeria
    Mediterranean journal of social sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Maryam Salihu Muhammad, Rozilah Kasim, David Martin
    Abstract:

    Residential Segregation, the spatial separation of population sub-groups within a given geographical area, is a phenomenon which is prevalent in both developed and developing countries like Nigeria. Earlier in Northern Nigeria this phenomenon was characterised by Residential separation along ethnic lines (which led to the emergence of non-indigene settlements known as the “Sabon Gari”) and in the present time Residential Segregation is also found along religious lines. This paper is aimed at examining the factors influencing Residential Segregation in selected areas of Bauchi metropolis in Northern Nigeria. The objectives of the research are to identify the pattern and the factors influencing Residential Segregation in the study area, and to evaluate the significance of the factors on Residential Segregation in the study area. 6 areas were sampled from study area and the research was conducted through questionnaire survey. The data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v21). The research uncovered that the main factors influencing Residential Segregation in the study area are individual and aggregate socioeconomic characteristics, and individual preference/taste/choice of neighbourhood. And the research revealed that there is a significant relationship between these factors and Residential Segregation. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s1p127

Camille Z Charles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the dynamics of racial Residential Segregation
    Review of Sociology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Camille Z Charles
    Abstract:

    ▪ Abstract The publication of American Apartheid (Massey & Denton 1993) was influential in shifting public discourse back toward racial Residential Segregation as fundamental to persisting racial inequality. At the end of the twentieth century, the majority of blacks remained severely segregated from whites in major metropolitan areas. Due to the persistence of high-volume immigration, Hispanic and Asian Segregation from whites has increased, although it is still best characterized as moderate. This review examines trends in the Residential Segregation of blacks, Hispanics, and Asians and recent research focused on understanding the causes of persisting Segregation. This discussion is organized around two broad theoretical perspectives—spatial assimilation and place stratification. After detailing the consequences of Segregation for affected groups, I identify gaps in our understanding and goals for future research.

Kyle Crowder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Residential Segregation and racial ethnic disparities in ambient air pollution
    Race and Social Problems, 2019
    Co-Authors: Nicole Kravitzwirtz, Victoria Sass, Kyle Crowder, Samantha Teixeira, David T Takeuchi
    Abstract:

    Race and ethnicity are consequential constructs when it comes to exposure to air pollution. Persistent environmental racial/ethnic inequalities call for attention to identifying the factors that maintain them. We examined associations between racial Residential Segregation and racial/ethnic inequalities in exposure to three types of air pollutants. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1990–2011), the U.S. Census (1990–2010), and the Environmental Protection Agency, we tested the independent and joint contributions of race/ethnicity and metropolitan-level Residential Segregation on individual levels of exposure to air pollution nationwide. We found that racial and ethnic minorities were exposed to significantly higher levels of air pollution compared to Whites. The difference between minorities and Whites in exposure to all three types of air pollution was most pronounced in metropolitan areas with high levels of Residential Segregation. The environmental inequities observed in this study call for public health and policy initiatives to ameliorate the sources of racial/ethnic gaps in pollution exposure. Given the links between the physical environment and health, addressing such uneven environmental burdens may be a promising way to improve population health and decrease racial/ethnic inequalities therein.

  • neighborhood foreclosures racial ethnic transitions and Residential Segregation
    American Sociological Review, 2015
    Co-Authors: Matthew Hall, Kyle Crowder, Amy Spring
    Abstract:

    In this article, we use data on virtually all foreclosure events between 2005 and 2009 to calculate neighborhood foreclosure rates for nearly all block groups in the United States to assess the impact of housing foreclosures on neighborhood racial/ethnic change and on broader patterns of racial Residential Segregation. We find that the foreclosure crisis was patterned strongly along racial lines: black, Latino, and racially integrated neighborhoods had exceptionally high foreclosure rates. Multilevel models of racial/ethnic change reveal that foreclosure concentrations were linked to declining shares of whites and expanding shares of black and Latino residents. Results further suggest that these compositional shifts were driven by both white population loss and minority growth, especially from racially mixed settings with high foreclosure rates. To explore the impact of these racially selective migration streams on patterns of Residential Segregation, we simulate racial Segregation assuming that foreclosu...

Barbara Entwisle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Residential Segregation and interracial friendship in schools
    American Journal of Sociology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Ted Mouw, Barbara Entwisle
    Abstract:

    This article uses social network and spatial data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to examine the effect of racial Residential Segregation on school friendship Segregation in the United States. The use of hierarchical models allows the authors to simultaneously estimate the effects of race, within‐school Residential Segregation, and school diversity on friendship choice using the Add Health data. The authors use these results to predict the decline in friendship Segregation that would occur if across‐ and within‐school Residential Segregation were eliminated in U.S. metropolitan areas. The results suggest that about a third of the level of racial friendship Segregation in schools is attributable to Residential Segregation. Most of this effect is the result of Residential Segregation across schools rather than within them.