The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Matthew P. Duran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Surface treatments of solvated mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers
    Journal of Materials Science, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ahmad Vakili, Matthew P. Duran
    Abstract:

    The effects of oxidation treatments and Surface coating on the Surface properties of the solvated mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber (CF) are investigated to improve the mechanical properties of the potentially low-cost CF composites. The CFs were treated with air, O_3, CO_2/H_2O, or HNO_3 solution or modified with an epoxy coating. The Surface of the treated fibers was characterized by adsorption of methylene blue, NaOH uptake, fragmentation test, composite flexural test, and optical microscopy and SEM examination. Gaseous oxidization is considered a suitable and economical process for this potentially low-cost and low packing density CFs. O_3 oxidation is more effective than other oxidation treatments and introduces more acidic functional groups and a suitable Surface area on the Surface of the treated CFs, leading to a shorter fiber critical length and higher interfacial shear strength between the CF and the epoxy Resin. Surface coating in 5 wt% of epoxy/acetone solution also effectively reduces fiber critical length due to improved fiber Surface wettability. After Surface treatment, the CFs can be directly fabricated into composite materials without weaving and knitting. Increased flexural strength and modulus of the composites are achieved by the use of O_3-oxidized fibers and fiber Surface coatings. Optical microscopy and SEM confirm that the composites fabricated with the Surface-treated fibers have less debonded area or voids than the untreated ones.

  • Surface treatments of solvated mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers
    Journal of Materials Science, 2017
    Co-Authors: Zhongren Yue, Ahmad Vakili, Matthew P. Duran
    Abstract:

    The effects of oxidation treatments and Surface coating on the Surface properties of the solvated mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber (CF) are investigated to improve the mechanical properties of the potentially low-cost CF composites. The CFs were treated with air, O3, CO2/H2O, or HNO3 solution or modified with an epoxy coating. The Surface of the treated fibers was characterized by adsorption of methylene blue, NaOH uptake, fragmentation test, composite flexural test, and optical microscopy and SEM examination. Gaseous oxidization is considered a suitable and economical process for this potentially low-cost and low packing density CFs. O3 oxidation is more effective than other oxidation treatments and introduces more acidic functional groups and a suitable Surface area on the Surface of the treated CFs, leading to a shorter fiber critical length and higher interfacial shear strength between the CF and the epoxy Resin. Surface coating in 5 wt% of epoxy/acetone solution also effectively reduces fiber critical length due to improved fiber Surface wettability. After Surface treatment, the CFs can be directly fabricated into composite materials without weaving and knitting. Increased flexural strength and modulus of the composites are achieved by the use of O3-oxidized fibers and fiber Surface coatings. Optical microscopy and SEM confirm that the composites fabricated with the Surface-treated fibers have less debonded area or voids than the untreated ones.

Toshinobu Kanai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Direct patterning of silver circuit using Surface-modification and UV irradiation on polyimide Resin
    Transactions of the IMF, 2002
    Co-Authors: Hidemi Nawafune, Taro Nishioka, Shozo Mizumoto, Masaru Seita, Masaaki Imanari, Toshinobu Kanai
    Abstract:

    A simplified method is proposed for the formation of a silver circuit pattern on a polyimide Resin substrate through modification of the Resin Surface followed by adsorption of silver(I) ion and UV photoreduction to form patterns. The amide bond and carboxyl group, as a cation exchange group, were formed on the polyimide Resin Surface by a potassium hydroxide treatment. UV irradiation of the adsorbed silver(I) ion results in the formation of a silver thin film. Silver circuit patterns are easily formed on the modified polyimide Resin substrates without using a plating resist by use of a metal-on-quartz mask.

  • Photochemical formation of palladium patterns on Surface-modified polyimide Resin
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2002
    Co-Authors: Masaru Seita, Hidemi Nawafune, Taro Nishioka, Shozo Mizumoto, Toshinobu Kanai
    Abstract:

    A simplified method for forming a palladium circuit pattern on polyimide Resin substrate was proposed. The carboxyl group, as a cation exchange group, was formed on the polyimide Resin Surface by a potassium hydroxide treatment. Palladium(II) ion was then adsorbed onto the Surface modified polyimide Resin by ion exchange. Ultraviolet irradiation of this palladium(II) ion absorbed Resin with sodium formate coated on its Surface resulted in the formation of a palladium thin film. Irradiation through a metal-on-quartz mask onto the modified polyimide Resin Surface photoreduced the palladium ion into metallic palladium circuit patterns easily without using a plating resist.

Graeme J Millar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Equilibrium and column studies of iron exchange with strong acid cation Resin
    Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2015
    Co-Authors: Graeme J Millar, Aaron Schot, Amy Shilling, Kenneth Nuttall, Sara J. Couperthwaite, Mitchell De Bruyn
    Abstract:

    Abstract The exchange of iron species from iron(III) chloride solutions with a strong acid cation Resin has been investigated in relation to a variety of water and wastewater applications. A detailed equilibrium isotherm analysis was conducted wherein models such as Langmuir–Vageler, Competitive Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Astakhov, Sips and Brouers–Sotolongo were applied to the experimental data. An important conclusion was that both the bottle-point method chosen and solution normality used to generate the ion exchange equilibrium isotherm influenced which sorption model fitted the isotherm profiles optimally. Invariably, the calculated value for the maximum loading of iron on strong acid cation Resin was substantially higher than the value of 47.1 g/kg of Resin which would occur if one Fe3+ ion exchanged for three “H+” sites on the Resin Surface. Consequently, it was suggested that above pH 1, various iron complexes sorbed to the Resin in a manner which required less than 3 sites per iron moiety. Column trials suggested that the iron loading was 86.6 g/kg of Resin when 1342 mg/L Fe(III) ions in water were flowed at 31.7 BV/h. Regeneration with 5–10% HCl solutions reclaimed approximately 90% of exchange sites.

  • an examination of isotherm generation impact of bottle point method upon potassium ion exchange with strong acid cation Resin
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Graeme J Millar, Sara J. Couperthwaite, Chun Wing Leung
    Abstract:

    This paper relates to the importance of impact of the chosen bottle-point method when conducting ion exchange equilibria experiments. As an illustration, potassium ion exchange with strong acid cation Resin was investigated due to its relevance to the treatment of various industrial effluents and groundwater. The “constant mass” bottle-point method was shown to be problematic in that depending upon the Resin mass used the equilibrium isotherm profiles were different. Indeed, application of common equilibrium isotherm models revealed that the optimal fit could be with either the Freundlich or Temkin equations, depending upon the conditions employed. It could be inferred that the Resin Surface was heterogeneous in character, but precise conclusions regarding the variation in the heat of sorption were not possible. Estimation of the maximum potassium loading was also inconsistent when employing the “constant mass” method. The “constant concentration” bottle-point method illustrated that the Freundlich model was a good representation of the exchange process. The isotherms recorded were relatively consistent when compared to the “constant mass” approach. Unification of all the equilibrium isotherm data acquired was achieved by use of the Langmuir Vageler expression. The maximum loading of potassium ions was predicted to be at least 116.5 g/kg Resin.

Mitchell De Bruyn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Equilibrium and column studies of iron exchange with strong acid cation Resin
    Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2015
    Co-Authors: Graeme J Millar, Aaron Schot, Amy Shilling, Kenneth Nuttall, Sara J. Couperthwaite, Mitchell De Bruyn
    Abstract:

    Abstract The exchange of iron species from iron(III) chloride solutions with a strong acid cation Resin has been investigated in relation to a variety of water and wastewater applications. A detailed equilibrium isotherm analysis was conducted wherein models such as Langmuir–Vageler, Competitive Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Astakhov, Sips and Brouers–Sotolongo were applied to the experimental data. An important conclusion was that both the bottle-point method chosen and solution normality used to generate the ion exchange equilibrium isotherm influenced which sorption model fitted the isotherm profiles optimally. Invariably, the calculated value for the maximum loading of iron on strong acid cation Resin was substantially higher than the value of 47.1 g/kg of Resin which would occur if one Fe3+ ion exchanged for three “H+” sites on the Resin Surface. Consequently, it was suggested that above pH 1, various iron complexes sorbed to the Resin in a manner which required less than 3 sites per iron moiety. Column trials suggested that the iron loading was 86.6 g/kg of Resin when 1342 mg/L Fe(III) ions in water were flowed at 31.7 BV/h. Regeneration with 5–10% HCl solutions reclaimed approximately 90% of exchange sites.

Masaru Seita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Direct patterning of silver circuit using Surface-modification and UV irradiation on polyimide Resin
    Transactions of the IMF, 2002
    Co-Authors: Hidemi Nawafune, Taro Nishioka, Shozo Mizumoto, Masaru Seita, Masaaki Imanari, Toshinobu Kanai
    Abstract:

    A simplified method is proposed for the formation of a silver circuit pattern on a polyimide Resin substrate through modification of the Resin Surface followed by adsorption of silver(I) ion and UV photoreduction to form patterns. The amide bond and carboxyl group, as a cation exchange group, were formed on the polyimide Resin Surface by a potassium hydroxide treatment. UV irradiation of the adsorbed silver(I) ion results in the formation of a silver thin film. Silver circuit patterns are easily formed on the modified polyimide Resin substrates without using a plating resist by use of a metal-on-quartz mask.

  • Photochemical formation of palladium patterns on Surface-modified polyimide Resin
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2002
    Co-Authors: Masaru Seita, Hidemi Nawafune, Taro Nishioka, Shozo Mizumoto, Toshinobu Kanai
    Abstract:

    A simplified method for forming a palladium circuit pattern on polyimide Resin substrate was proposed. The carboxyl group, as a cation exchange group, was formed on the polyimide Resin Surface by a potassium hydroxide treatment. Palladium(II) ion was then adsorbed onto the Surface modified polyimide Resin by ion exchange. Ultraviolet irradiation of this palladium(II) ion absorbed Resin with sodium formate coated on its Surface resulted in the formation of a palladium thin film. Irradiation through a metal-on-quartz mask onto the modified polyimide Resin Surface photoreduced the palladium ion into metallic palladium circuit patterns easily without using a plating resist.