The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter G Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Respiratory Function monitoring to reduce mortality and morbidity in newborn infants receiving resuscitation
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2010Co-Authors: Georg M Schmolzer, Colin J. Morley, Peter G DavisAbstract:Background A Respiratory Function monitor is routinely used in neonatal intensive care units to continuously measure and display airway pressures, tidal volume and leak during ventilation. During positive pressure ventilation in the delivery room, clinical signs are used to monitor the effectiveness of ventilation. The additional use of a Respiratory Function monitor during positive pressure ventilation in the delivery room might help to improve the effectiveness of ventilation. Objectives To determine whether the use of a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment compared to clinical assessment alone in newborn infants resuscitated with positive pressure ventilation reduces mortality and morbidity. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2010), MEDLINE (January 1996 to March 2010), EMBASE (January 1980 to March 2010) and CINAHL (January 1982 to March 2010). Clinical trials registers and the abstracts of the Society for Pediatric Research and the European Society for Pediatric Research were searched from 2004 to 2009. No language restrictions were applied. Selection criteria We planned to include randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials and cluster trials that compared the use of a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment, compared to clinical assessment alone, in newborn infants resuscitated with positive pressure ventilation. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently evaluated the search results against the selection criteria. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were not performed because there were no studies that met our inclusion criteria. Main results No studies were found meeting the criteria for inclusion in this review Authors' conclusions There is insufficient evidence to determine the efficacy and safety of a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment during positive pressure ventilation at neonatal resuscitation. Randomised clinical trials comparing positive pressure ventilation with and without a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment at neonatal resuscitation are warranted.
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Does measuring Respiratory Function improve neonatal ventilation
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2006Co-Authors: Jan Klimek, Colin J. Morley, Peter G DavisAbstract:Aims: To determine whether using a Respiratory Function monitor alters clinicians' choice of ventilator settings, tidal volumes or blood gases in the first 48 h of ventilation. Methods: Clinicians were trained to use a Respiratory Function monitor to optimize neonatal ventilation. Thirty-five infants, weighing < 2 kg, treated with the Infant Star ventilator were randomized to have a Respiratory Function monitor display visible or concealed. All reasons for altering ventilator settings were noted. Data on ventilator parameters and clinical care were collected hourly. The primary outcome was the mean peak pressure used during the first 48 h. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in peak pressures, tidal volumes or arterial carbon dioxide levels between the two groups. Conclusions: Using the Florian Respiratory Function monitor in the first 48 h of ventilation with the Infant Star ventilator did not alter the choice of ventilator settings, tidal or minute volumes or arterial blood gases. Possible explanations for this result include lack of power due to the small numbers recruited and bias due to the unblinded nature of the trial.
Colin J. Morley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Respiratory Function monitoring to reduce mortality and morbidity in newborn infants receiving resuscitation
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2010Co-Authors: Georg M Schmolzer, Colin J. Morley, Peter G DavisAbstract:Background A Respiratory Function monitor is routinely used in neonatal intensive care units to continuously measure and display airway pressures, tidal volume and leak during ventilation. During positive pressure ventilation in the delivery room, clinical signs are used to monitor the effectiveness of ventilation. The additional use of a Respiratory Function monitor during positive pressure ventilation in the delivery room might help to improve the effectiveness of ventilation. Objectives To determine whether the use of a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment compared to clinical assessment alone in newborn infants resuscitated with positive pressure ventilation reduces mortality and morbidity. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2010), MEDLINE (January 1996 to March 2010), EMBASE (January 1980 to March 2010) and CINAHL (January 1982 to March 2010). Clinical trials registers and the abstracts of the Society for Pediatric Research and the European Society for Pediatric Research were searched from 2004 to 2009. No language restrictions were applied. Selection criteria We planned to include randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials and cluster trials that compared the use of a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment, compared to clinical assessment alone, in newborn infants resuscitated with positive pressure ventilation. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently evaluated the search results against the selection criteria. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were not performed because there were no studies that met our inclusion criteria. Main results No studies were found meeting the criteria for inclusion in this review Authors' conclusions There is insufficient evidence to determine the efficacy and safety of a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment during positive pressure ventilation at neonatal resuscitation. Randomised clinical trials comparing positive pressure ventilation with and without a Respiratory Function monitor in addition to clinical assessment at neonatal resuscitation are warranted.
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Does measuring Respiratory Function improve neonatal ventilation
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2006Co-Authors: Jan Klimek, Colin J. Morley, Peter G DavisAbstract:Aims: To determine whether using a Respiratory Function monitor alters clinicians' choice of ventilator settings, tidal volumes or blood gases in the first 48 h of ventilation. Methods: Clinicians were trained to use a Respiratory Function monitor to optimize neonatal ventilation. Thirty-five infants, weighing < 2 kg, treated with the Infant Star ventilator were randomized to have a Respiratory Function monitor display visible or concealed. All reasons for altering ventilator settings were noted. Data on ventilator parameters and clinical care were collected hourly. The primary outcome was the mean peak pressure used during the first 48 h. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in peak pressures, tidal volumes or arterial carbon dioxide levels between the two groups. Conclusions: Using the Florian Respiratory Function monitor in the first 48 h of ventilation with the Infant Star ventilator did not alter the choice of ventilator settings, tidal or minute volumes or arterial blood gases. Possible explanations for this result include lack of power due to the small numbers recruited and bias due to the unblinded nature of the trial.
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Respiratory Function monitoring during neonatal emergency transport.
Archives of Disease in Childhood-fetal and Neonatal Edition, 2005Co-Authors: C D Lilley, Michael Stewart, Colin J. MorleyAbstract:This study reports for the first time the use of a Respiratory Function monitor in a prospective observational cohort of ventilated babies during transport. All 17 babies achieved target transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension within 15 minutes. Fifteen babies had improved ventilation with changes guided by the Respiratory Function monitor. The monitor was easy to use and useful.
Steven N Blair - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of physical activity on exercise tests and Respiratory Function
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2003Co-Authors: Yiling J Cheng, C A Macera, C L Addy, Francisco S Sy, Darryl Wieland, Steven N BlairAbstract:Background: Exercise is an important component of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with chronic lung disease. Objective: To explore the role of physical activity in maintaining cardiac and Respiratory Function in healthy people. Methods: CardioRespiratory fitness was measured by a maximal treadmill test (MTT), and Respiratory Function was tested by spirometry. The cross sectional study included data from 24 536 healthy persons who were examined at the Cooper Clinic between 1971 and 1995; the longitudinal study included data from 5707 healthy persons who had an initial visit between 1971 and 1995 and a subsequent visit during the next five years. All participants were aged 25–55 years and completed a cardioRespiratory test and a medical questionnaire. Results: In the cross sectional study, after controlling for covariates, being active and not being a recent smoker were associated with better cardioRespiratory fitness and Respiratory Function in both men and women. In the follow up study, persons who remained or became active had better MTT than persons who remained or became sedentary. Men who remained active had higher forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC) than the other groups. Smoking was related to lower cardioRespiratory fitness and Respiratory Function. Conclusions: Physical activity and non-smoking or smoking cessation is associated with maintenance of cardioRespiratory fitness. Change in physical activity habits is associated with change in cardioRespiratory fitness, but Respiratory Function contributed little to this association during a five year follow up.
Dexter Canoy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early growth and adult Respiratory Function in men and women followed from the fetal period to adulthood
Thorax, 2007Co-Authors: Dexter Canoy, J Pekkanen, Paul Elliott, Anneli Pouta, Jaana Laitinen, Annaliisa Hartikainen, Paavo Zitting, Swatee Patel, Mark P Little, Marjoriitta JarvelinAbstract:Background: While some studies suggest that poor fetal growth rate, as indicated by lower birth weight, is associated with poor Respiratory Function in childhood, findings among adults remain inconsistent. A study was undertaken to determine the association between early growth and adult Respiratory Function. Methods: A longitudinal birth cohort study was performed of 5390 men and women born full term and prospectively followed from the fetal period to adulthood. Weight at birth and infancy were recorded, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were assessed by standard spirometry at age 31 years. Results: Adult FEV 1 and FVC increased linearly with higher birth weight in both men and women with no apparent threshold. After adjustment for sex, adult height and other potential confounders operating through the life course, every 500 g higher birth weight was associated with a higher FEV 1 of 53.1 ml (95% CI 38.4 to 67.7) and higher FVC of 52.5 ml (95% CI 35.5 to 69.4). These positive associations persisted across categories of smoking, physical activity and body mass index, with the lowest Respiratory Function noted among those with lower birth weight who were smokers, led a sedentary lifestyle or were overweight. Weight gain in infancy was also positively associated with adult lung Function. Conclusion: Birth weight is continuously and independently associated with adult Respiratory Function. It is plausible that poor growth in early life may restrict normal lung growth and development, which could have long-term consequences on lung Function later in life.
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abdominal obesity and Respiratory Function in men and women in the epic norfolk study united kingdom
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2004Co-Authors: Dexter Canoy, Sheila Bingham, Robert Luben, Ailsa Welch, Nicholas J Wareham, Kaytee KhawAbstract:Poor Respiratory Function and obesity are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Obese persons may also have impaired lung Function, but the mechanism is unclear. The authors investigated the relation between abdominal pattern of obesity and Respiratory Function in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) cohort in Norfolk, United Kingdom. This analysis included 9,674 men and 11,876 women aged 45-79 years with no known preexisting serious illness who had complete anthropometric and Respiratory Function measures obtained at a health visit between 1993 and 1997. Waist:hip ratio was used to assess abdominal obesity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC), obtained by spirometry, were used to assess Respiratory Function. Both FEV 1 and FVC were linearly and inversely related across the entire range of waist:hip ratio in both men and women. This relation persisted after adjustment for age, body mass index, cigarette smoking, social class, physical activity index, prevalent bronchitis/emphysema, and prevalent asthma. The association remained significant among nonobese nonsmokers without preexisting Respiratory disease. In the general adult population, abdominal fat deposition may play a role in the impairment of Respiratory Function among the abdominally obese.
Marjoriitta Jarvelin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early growth and adult Respiratory Function in men and women followed from the fetal period to adulthood
Thorax, 2007Co-Authors: Dexter Canoy, J Pekkanen, Paul Elliott, Anneli Pouta, Jaana Laitinen, Annaliisa Hartikainen, Paavo Zitting, Swatee Patel, Mark P Little, Marjoriitta JarvelinAbstract:Background: While some studies suggest that poor fetal growth rate, as indicated by lower birth weight, is associated with poor Respiratory Function in childhood, findings among adults remain inconsistent. A study was undertaken to determine the association between early growth and adult Respiratory Function. Methods: A longitudinal birth cohort study was performed of 5390 men and women born full term and prospectively followed from the fetal period to adulthood. Weight at birth and infancy were recorded, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were assessed by standard spirometry at age 31 years. Results: Adult FEV 1 and FVC increased linearly with higher birth weight in both men and women with no apparent threshold. After adjustment for sex, adult height and other potential confounders operating through the life course, every 500 g higher birth weight was associated with a higher FEV 1 of 53.1 ml (95% CI 38.4 to 67.7) and higher FVC of 52.5 ml (95% CI 35.5 to 69.4). These positive associations persisted across categories of smoking, physical activity and body mass index, with the lowest Respiratory Function noted among those with lower birth weight who were smokers, led a sedentary lifestyle or were overweight. Weight gain in infancy was also positively associated with adult lung Function. Conclusion: Birth weight is continuously and independently associated with adult Respiratory Function. It is plausible that poor growth in early life may restrict normal lung growth and development, which could have long-term consequences on lung Function later in life.
