The Experts below are selected from a list of 1020 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xi Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing the value of Retrofitting cement plants for carbon capture a case study of a cement plant in guangdong china
Energy Conversion and Management, 2012Co-Authors: Xi LiangAbstract:The cement manufacturing sector is the second largest source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in the world. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is one of the most important technologies to decarbonise the cement manufacturing process. China has accounted for more than half of global cement production since 2008. This study suggests criteria to assess the potential to retrofit cementplants and analyses the economics of Retrofitting cement plants for CCS with a case study of a modern dry process cement plant locating in Guangdong province, China. The study assumes the extra heat and power for CO2 capture and compression is provided by a new 200 MW combined heat and power unit (CHP) (US$17.5/MW h thermal for the cost of coal). The estimated cost of CO2 avoidance by Retrofitting a cement plant for carbon capture in 2012 is US$70/tonne at a 14% discount rate with 25 years remaining lifetime. Through a stochastic cash flow analysis with a real Option model and Monte Carlo simulation, the study found the value of an Option to retrofit to be US$1.2 million with a 7.3% probability of economic viability. The estimate is very sensitive to the assumptions in the carbon price model (i.e. base carbon price is US$12.00/tCO2e in 2012 and the mean growth rate is 8%). The Option value and the probability can reach US$20 million and 67% respectively, if a 10% mean carbon price growth is assumed. Compared with post-combustion carbon capture Retrofitting prospect in existing coal-fired power plants, the economics of Retrofitting cement plants to carbon capture is less attractive. However, given the uncertainties in climate policy, regulation and carbon market, new-build cementplants in China, with long lifetime, should consider an essential level of “CCS Ready” to reduce the cost of retrofit and keep the Retrofitting Option open.
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co2 capture modelling for pulverised coal fired power plants a case study of an existing 1 gw ultra supercritical power plant in shandong china
Separation and Purification Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Xi LiangAbstract:Abstract China is building more than 1 GW of advanced coal-fired power plants every week. This interdisciplinary study investigates the technical and economic performance of Retrofitting a 1000 MW ultra supercritical pulverised coal-fired (USCPC) power plant locating at Shandong province in China. An ASPEN simulation model is designed to estimate the energy output penalty at different levels of capture. The retrofitted system consists of the conventional power generation unit, the additional post-combustion unit and other associated extra equipments. The ASPEN simulation results show that the efficiency penalty is approximately 8.6% for a 90% capture rate and 6% for a 50% capture rate in this Retrofitting study. In addition, the simulation result of the process model is applied to analyse the value of Retrofitting flexibility and the economic-viable chance of Retrofitting the underlying project through a real Option analysis model. The economic model reveals that the value of Retrofitting Option in the 1 GW USCPC power plant reaches US$76 million and that a 40% economic viable possibility of Retrofitting to capture CO 2 in its remaining 26 years lifetime under the hypothetical baseline scenario. The significant economic benefits of Retrofitting an existing USCPC plant to CO 2 capture implies the urgency to conduct a detail survey on the Retrofitting prospect of Chinese coal-fired power plants and develop a guideline to maintain their Retrofitting Options open.
L L Grekhov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experience gained with development and commissioning of retrofitted process control systems for large power units
Thermal Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: O M Idzon, L L GrekhovAbstract:Experience gained for many years at ZAO Interavtomatika with work on Retrofitting control and monitoring systems of large power units is summarized. Principles based on which these systems should be retrofitted are considered together with the factors influencing the choice of Retrofitting Option, as well as decisions on constructing a process control system during full and partial Retrofitting. Recommendations are given for the optimal scope of functions that should be incorporated in the software and hardware tools of a process control system during its Retrofitting.
Kayahan Ufuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental and theoretical investigation of oxy-combustion in fluidized beds
'Marmara Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi', 2017Co-Authors: Kayahan UfukAbstract:Oksijence zengin yakma, mevcut santrallere uygulanabilecek önemli bir karbon tutma ve depolama alternatifidir. Bu çalışma kapsamında 30kWth kapasiteli dolaşımlı akışkan yatak yakma sisteminde, yanma havasındaki oksijen derişiminin arttırılmasının etkisi incelenmiştir. Testler iki farklı Türk linyiti, bir biyokütle ve bunların karışımları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Karışımdaki biyokütle oranı %20’ye kadar çıkartılmıştır. Yanma havasındaki oksijen oranı %21 ile %30 arasında tutulmuştur. Deneysel çalışmalardan sonra teknolojinin ekonomik olarak değerlendirilmesi için hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Buna göre mevcut Çan akışkan yatak güç santrali üzerinde karbon tutulumu amacıyla 4 farklı uygulama alternatifi değerlendirilmiştir. Bunlar a)Santrale MEA bazlı karbon tutulum ünitesi eklenmesi, b)Yakıcın oksijence zengin yakma ünitesine dönüştürülmesi, c)Yakıcının oksi-yakma (baca gazının geri döndürüldüğü) ünitesine dönüştürülmesi, d)Yakıcının oksijence zengin biyokütle birlikte yakma ünitesine dönüştürülmesi. Deneyler sonunda oksijence zenginleştirmenin tüm durumlar için yanmayı iyileştirdiği görülmüştür. Biyokütle ile birlikte yakmanın sırasında da biyokütle oranının ve oksijen derişiminin arttırılmasının sinercik etkisi görülmüştür. Deneylerde NO ve SO2 emisyonlarının oksijen derişiminin artmasıyla arttıkları tespit edilmiştir. Biyokütle eklenmesinin ise NO emisyonunu arttırırken SO2 emisyonunu azalttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ekonomik değerlendirme sonucunda biyokütle ve kömürün oksijence zengin ortamda birlikte yakılması alternatifinin Çan termik santraline yapılabilecek değişiklikler arasındaki en ekonomik karbon tutma yöntemi olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum için elektrik maliyeti, CO2 sakınma ve CO2 tutma maliyetleri sırasıyla 42.5 €/MWh, 37.5 €/tCO2 ve 52.9 €/tCO2 olarak bulunmuştur. ABSTRACT Oxygen enriched combustion (OER) is a promising Retrofitting Option for existing power plants to improve CO2 capture. In this study, the effect of oxygen enrichment of air as oxidant was investigated with a 30kWth fluidized bed combustor. Tests were conducted with two different Turkish lignites, one biomass and their blends. Biomass share was increased up to 20% in fuel blend. The oxygen concentration in the oxidant was kept between 21 and 30%. Experimental study was followed by an economic evaluation for OER combustion. Four different Retrofitting Options to existing Çan power plant were investigated; a) Adding MEA base carbon capture unit b) Retrofitting OER c) Retrofitting oxy-combustion (with flue gas recirculation) d)Retrofitting OER co-combustion. Oxygen enrichment supports combustion in all cases. Biomass addition to lignites appears to have an increasing synergetic effect on combustion as the oxygen enrichment and biomass portion in the mix increases. It was found that oxygen enrichment increases NO and SO2 formation in all cases. As biomass share increases, NO emissions increase in all oxygen cases while the opposite is true for SO2 emissions. Oxygen enriched biomass co-combustion case is the most economic case among the all CCS Retrofitting alternatives. Cost of electricity, cost of CO2 avoidance and cost of CO2 capture for the biomass OER co combustion case are 42.5 €/MWh, 37.5 €/tCO2 and 52.9 €/tCO2 respectively
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Experimental and theoretical investigation of oxy-combustion in fluidized beds
Marmara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2017Co-Authors: Kayahan UfukAbstract:ÖZETOksijence zengin yakma, mevcut santrallere uygulanabilecek önemli bir karbon tutma ve depolama alternatifidir. Bu çalışma kapsamında 30kWth kapasiteli dolaşımlı akışkan yatak yakma sisteminde, yanma havasındaki oksijen derişiminin arttırılmasının etkisi incelenmiştir. Testler iki farklı Türk linyiti, bir biyokütle ve bunların karışımları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Karışımdaki biyokütle oranı %20’ye kadar çıkartılmıştır. Yanma havasındaki oksijen oranı %21 ile %30 arasında tutulmuştur. Deneysel çalışmalardan sonra teknolojinin ekonomik olarak değerlendirilmesi için hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Buna göre mevcut Çan akışkan yatak güç santrali üzerinde karbon tutulumu amacıyla 4 farklı uygulama alternatifi değerlendirilmiştir. Bunlar a)Santrale MEA bazlı karbon tutulum ünitesi eklenmesi, b)Yakıcın oksijence zengin yakma ünitesine dönüştürülmesi, c)Yakıcının oksi-yakma (baca gazının geri döndürüldüğü) ünitesine dönüştürülmesi, d)Yakıcının oksijence zengin biyokütle birlikte yakma ünitesine dönüştürülmesi.Deneyler sonunda oksijence zenginleştirmenin tüm durumlar için yanmayı iyileştirdiği görülmüştür. Biyokütle ile birlikte yakmanın sırasında da biyokütle oranının ve oksijen derişiminin arttırılmasının sinercik etkisi görülmüştür. Deneylerde NO ve SO2 emisyonlarının oksijen derişiminin artmasıyla arttıkları tespit edilmiştir. Biyokütle eklenmesinin ise NO emisyonunu arttırırken SO2 emisyonunu azalttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ekonomik değerlendirme sonucunda biyokütle ve kömürün oksijence zengin ortamda birlikte yakılması alternatifinin Çan termik santraline yapılabilecek değişiklikler arasındaki en ekonomik karbon tutma yöntemi olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum için elektrik maliyeti, CO2 sakınma ve CO2 tutma maliyetleri sırasıyla 42.5 €/MWh, 37.5 €/tCO2 ve 52.9 €/tCO2 olarak bulunmuştur. ABSTRACTOxygen enriched combustion (OER) is a promising Retrofitting Option for existing power plants to improve CO2 capture. In this study, the effect of oxygen enrichment of air as oxidant was investigated with a 30kWth fluidized bed combustor. Tests were conducted with two different Turkish lignites, one biomass and their blends. Biomass share was increased up to 20% in fuel blend. The oxygen concentration in the oxidant was kept between 21 and 30%. Experimental study was followed by an economic evaluation for OER combustion. Four different Retrofitting Options to existing Çan power plant were investigated; a) Adding MEA base carbon capture unit b) Retrofitting OER c) Retrofitting oxy-combustion (with flue gas recirculation) d)Retrofitting OER co-combustion.Oxygen enrichment supports combustion in all cases. Biomass addition to lignites appears to have an increasing synergetic effect on combustion as the oxygen enrichment and biomass portion in the mix increases. It was found that oxygen enrichment increases NO and SO2 formation in all cases. As biomass share increases, NO emissions increase in all oxygen cases while the opposite is true for SO2 emissions.Oxygen enriched biomass co-combustion case is the most economic case among the all CCS Retrofitting alternatives. Cost of electricity, cost of CO2 avoidance and cost of CO2 capture for the biomass OER co combustion case are 42.5 €/MWh, 37.5 €/tCO2 and 52.9 €/tCO2 respectively
O M Idzon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experience gained with development and commissioning of retrofitted process control systems for large power units
Thermal Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: O M Idzon, L L GrekhovAbstract:Experience gained for many years at ZAO Interavtomatika with work on Retrofitting control and monitoring systems of large power units is summarized. Principles based on which these systems should be retrofitted are considered together with the factors influencing the choice of Retrofitting Option, as well as decisions on constructing a process control system during full and partial Retrofitting. Recommendations are given for the optimal scope of functions that should be incorporated in the software and hardware tools of a process control system during its Retrofitting.
Holmberg Sture - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Techno-economic analysis of three HVAC Retrofitting Options
'Breakthrough Institute Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors', 2014Co-Authors: Gustafsson Marcus, Bales Chris, Myhren, Jonn Are, Holmberg StureAbstract:Accounting for around 40% of the total final energy consumption, the building stock is an important area of focus on the way to reaching the energy goals set for the European Union. The relatively small share of new buildings makes renovation of existing buildings possibly the most feasible way of improving the overall energy performance of the building stock. This of course involves improvements on the climate shell, for example by additional insulation or change of window glazing, but also installation of new heating systems, to increase the energy efficiency and to fit the new heat load after renovation. In the choice of systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), it is important to consider their performance for space heating as well as for domestic hot water (DHW), especially for a renovated house where the DHW share of the total heating consumption is larger. The present study treats the Retrofitting of a generic single family house, which was defined as a reference building in a European energy renovation project. Three HVAC Retrofitting Options were compared from a techno-economic point of view: A) Air-to-water heat pump (AWHP) and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR), B) Exhaust air heat pump (EAHP) with low-temperature ventilation radiators, and C) Gas boiler and ventilation with MVHR. The systems were simulated for houses with two levels of heating demand and four different locations: Stockholm, Gdansk, Stuttgart and London. They were then evaluated by means of life cycle cost (LCC) and primary energy consumption. Dynamic simulations were done in TRNSYS 17. In most cases, system C with gas boiler and MVHR was found to be the cheapest Retrofitting Option from a life cycle perspective. The advantage over the heat pump systems was particularly clear for a house in Germany, due to the large discrepancy between national prices of natural gas and electricity. In Sweden, where the price difference is much smaller, the heat pump systems had almost as low or even lower life cycle costs than the gas boiler system. Considering the limited availability of natural gas in Sweden, systems A and B would be the better Options. From a primary energy point of view system A was the best Option throughout, while system B often had the highest primary energy consumption. The limited capacity of the EAHP forced it to use more auxiliary heating than the other systems did, which lowered its COP. The AWHP managed the DHW load better due to a higher capacity, but had a lower COP than the EAHP in space heating mode. Systems A and C were notably favoured by the air heat recovery, which significantly reduced the heating demand. It was also seen that the DHW share of the total heating consumption was, as expected, larger for the house with the lower space heating demand. This confirms the supposition that it is important to include DHW in the study of HVAC systems for Retrofitting.iNSPiR