The Experts below are selected from a list of 270 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Eduardo L Tavani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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treatment of an industrial effluent by Reverse Osmosis
Desalination, 1999Co-Authors: Antonio Perez Padilla, Eduardo L TavaniAbstract:Abstract The treatment of tanning wastewater was studied by means of Reverse Osmosis and ultrafiltration. Tests were carried out on laboratory scale using membranes of polyamide (Reverse Osmosis) and of polysulfone (ultrafiltration). The evaluation of the system was performed by chemical analysis, pH measurements and visible spectrophotometry. Effects of the protein contained in the industrial effluent, the applied pressure and the feed temperature on the permeate flux were analyzed. The polyamide membrane used allowed us to obtain permeates with a low chromium (III) content (7–10 mg/L) but with appreciable amounts of SO4= (1–3 g/l), Cl− (9–14 g/L) and Na+ (5–10 g/L). The presence of chromium (III) polymers was determined in the original effluent and in the concentrates obtained by Reverse Osmosis. Finally, it was established that during the operation of Reverse Osmosis, the transport of H+(H3O+) from the concentrate to the permeate was produced.
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treatment of an industrial effluent by Reverse Osmosis
Desalination, 1999Co-Authors: Antonio Perez Padilla, Eduardo L TavaniAbstract:Abstract The treatment of tanning wastewater was studied by means of Reverse Osmosis and ultrafiltration. Tests were carried out on laboratory scale using membranes of polyamide (Reverse Osmosis) and of polysulfone (ultrafiltration). The evaluation of the system was performed by chemical analysis, pH measurements and visible spectrophotometry. Effects of the protein contained in the industrial effluent, the applied pressure and the feed temperature on the permeate flux were analyzed. The polyamide membrane used allowed us to obtain permeates with a low chromium (III) content (7–10 mg/L) but with appreciable amounts of SO4= (1–3 g/l), Cl− (9–14 g/L) and Na+ (5–10 g/L). The presence of chromium (III) polymers was determined in the original effluent and in the concentrates obtained by Reverse Osmosis. Finally, it was established that during the operation of Reverse Osmosis, the transport of H+(H3O+) from the concentrate to the permeate was produced.
Philippe Moulin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reverse Osmosis desalination water sources technology and today s challenges
Water Research, 2009Co-Authors: Lauren F Greenlee, Benny D. Freeman, Desmond F Lawler, Benoit Marrot, Philippe MoulinAbstract:Reverse Osmosis membrane technology has developed over the past 40 years to a 44% share in world desalting production capacity, and an 80% share in the total number of desalination plants installed worldwide. The use of membrane desalination has increased as materials have improved and costs have decreased. Today, Reverse Osmosis membranes are the leading technology for new desalination installations, and they are applied to a variety of salt water resources using tailored pretreatment and membrane system design. Two distinct branches of Reverse Osmosis desalination have emerged: seawater Reverse Osmosis and brackish water Reverse Osmosis. Differences between the two water sources, including foulants, salinity, waste brine (concentrate) disposal options, and plant location, have created significant differences in process development, implementation, and key technical problems. Pretreatment options are similar for both types of Reverse Osmosis and depend on the specific components of the water source. Both brackish water and seawater Reverse Osmosis (RO) will continue to be used worldwide; new technology in energy recovery and renewable energy, as well as innovative plant design, will allow greater use of desalination for inland and rural communities, while providing more affordable water for large coastal cities. A wide variety of research and general information on RO desalination is available; however, a direct comparison of seawater and brackish water RO systems is necessary to highlight similarities and differences in process development. This article brings to light key parameters of an RO process and process modifications due to feed water characteristics.
José Luis Zamorano Gómez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Behaviour of RO98pHt polyamide membrane in Reverse Osmosis and low Reverse Osmosis conditions for phenol removal.
Environmental Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Asunción M. Hidalgo, Gerardo León, María Gómez, María D. Murcia, Elisa Gómez Gómez, José Luis Zamorano GómezAbstract:Phenolic compounds and their derivatives are very common pollutants in wastewaters. Among the methods described for their removal, pressure‐driven membrane processes are considered as a reliable alternative. Our research group has previously studied phenol removal in Reverse Osmosis (RO) conditions and obtained very low rejection percentages. Subsequently, when low Reverse Osmosis (LRO) conditions were studied, the organic rejection percentages improved. To further our knowledge in this respect, the main objective of this work was to study the behaviour of the polyamide thin‐film composite membrane RO98pHt used for phenol removal in RO and LRO conditions. The influence of different operating pressures, phenol feed concentrations and pH on permeate flux and phenol rejection was studied. Low Reverse Osmosis conditions led to higher phenol rejection percentages in all the assayed conditions, suggesting that other factors related to the molecular characteristics of the organic molecules, such as solubility, a...
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Behaviour of RO98pHt polyamide membrane in Reverse Osmosis and low Reverse Osmosis conditions for phenol removal.
Environmental technology, 2011Co-Authors: Asunción M. Hidalgo, Gerardo León, María Gómez, María D. Murcia, E Gómez, José Luis Zamorano GómezAbstract:Phenolic compounds and their derivatives are very common pollutants in wastewaters. Among the methods described for their removal, pressure-driven membrane processes are considered as a reliable alternative. Our research group has previously studied phenol removal in Reverse Osmosis (RO) conditions and obtained very low rejection percentages. Subsequently, when low Reverse Osmosis (LRO) conditions were studied, the organic rejection percentages improved. To further our knowledge in this respect, the main objective of this work was to study the behaviour of the polyamide thin-film composite membrane RO98pHt used for phenol removal in RO and LRO conditions. The influence of different operating pressures, phenol feed concentrations and pH on permeate flux and phenol rejection was studied. Low Reverse Osmosis conditions led to higher phenol rejection percentages in all the assayed conditions, suggesting that other factors related to the molecular characteristics of the organic molecules, such as solubility, acidity and hydrogen bonding capacity, play an important role in the rejection percentage attained. As expected, permeate flux was greater in RO conditions.
James O. Osburn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A diffusion‐solubility model for Reverse Osmosis
Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Symposia, 2007Co-Authors: Raymond F. Machacek, James O. OsburnAbstract:The sorption of a dye by hollow fiber nylon Reverse Osmosis membranes was measured. Equations for the unsteady state Reverse Osmosis separation of the dye from water are solved by numerical analysis, and are shown to fit data on this process. This gives credence to the assumed model, which is that of solution of dye in the membrane followed by diffusion through it.
D. Marinos-kouris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of Reverse Osmosis networks for seawater desalination
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1996Co-Authors: N.g. Voros, Zacharias B. Maroulis, D. Marinos-kourisAbstract:Abstract A design method for Reverse Osmosis seawater desalination systems has been developed. It incorporates rigorous mathematical models for the prediction of the performance of the various process units (Reverse Osmosis modules, pumps, energy recovery turbines) employed in the flowsheet and takes into account the network structure using an appropriate superstructure. Therefore, it offers a flexible representation of the Reverse Osmosis network. Cost equations that relate the capital and operating costs to the design variables as well as the structural variables of the designed network have been introduced. The total cost of the plant is minimized in order to determine the optimal operating and structural variables. The model is accurate enough to describe the process and yet simple enough to be used for design purposes. During the simulation and optimization studies several structures for multistage Reverse Osmosis systems have been investigated. Results concerning the economics of the process are presented. Optimal results have also been used for the derivation of design curves concerning the effect of quality and quantity of produced water to the total annualized cost of the plant.
