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Karel Weidinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microclimate of tree cavities during winter nights—implications for Roost Site selection in birds
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Paclík, Karel WeidingerAbstract:We examined the relationships between cavity temperature, ambient temperature outside the cavity and structural characteristics of 70 cavities measured for 1 night to determine if cavity Roosting birds may potentially select warmer tree cavities for wintertime Roosting. The mean temperature increment of the cavity (=cavity-ambient temperature) varied from −2.4 to 4.9°C and increased with higher day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, smaller cavity entrance and better health status of the cavity tree. Cavities in healthy trees were warmer than those in dead trees, but this difference disappeared with rising mean ambient temperatures. This interaction between the effects of tree health status and mean ambient temperature, as well as the effect of day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, were supported by the analysis of repeated measurements of temperature taken on 12 consecutive nights in five cavities. The variability in cavity microclimates makes the selection of warmer Roost Sites possible, and the predictors of microclimate may provide indirect cues to prospecting birds.
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microclimate of tree cavities during winter nights implications for Roost Site selection in birds
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Paclík, Karel WeidingerAbstract:We examined the relationships between cavity temperature, ambient temperature outside the cavity and structural characteristics of 70 cavities measured for 1 night to determine if cavity Roosting birds may potentially select warmer tree cavities for wintertime Roosting. The mean temperature increment of the cavity (=cavity-ambient temperature) varied from −2.4 to 4.9°C and increased with higher day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, smaller cavity entrance and better health status of the cavity tree. Cavities in healthy trees were warmer than those in dead trees, but this difference disappeared with rising mean ambient temperatures. This interaction between the effects of tree health status and mean ambient temperature, as well as the effect of day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, were supported by the analysis of repeated measurements of temperature taken on 12 consecutive nights in five cavities. The variability in cavity microclimates makes the selection of warmer Roost Sites possible, and the predictors of microclimate may provide indirect cues to prospecting birds.
Martin Paclík - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microclimate of tree cavities during winter nights—implications for Roost Site selection in birds
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Paclík, Karel WeidingerAbstract:We examined the relationships between cavity temperature, ambient temperature outside the cavity and structural characteristics of 70 cavities measured for 1 night to determine if cavity Roosting birds may potentially select warmer tree cavities for wintertime Roosting. The mean temperature increment of the cavity (=cavity-ambient temperature) varied from −2.4 to 4.9°C and increased with higher day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, smaller cavity entrance and better health status of the cavity tree. Cavities in healthy trees were warmer than those in dead trees, but this difference disappeared with rising mean ambient temperatures. This interaction between the effects of tree health status and mean ambient temperature, as well as the effect of day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, were supported by the analysis of repeated measurements of temperature taken on 12 consecutive nights in five cavities. The variability in cavity microclimates makes the selection of warmer Roost Sites possible, and the predictors of microclimate may provide indirect cues to prospecting birds.
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microclimate of tree cavities during winter nights implications for Roost Site selection in birds
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2007Co-Authors: Martin Paclík, Karel WeidingerAbstract:We examined the relationships between cavity temperature, ambient temperature outside the cavity and structural characteristics of 70 cavities measured for 1 night to determine if cavity Roosting birds may potentially select warmer tree cavities for wintertime Roosting. The mean temperature increment of the cavity (=cavity-ambient temperature) varied from −2.4 to 4.9°C and increased with higher day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, smaller cavity entrance and better health status of the cavity tree. Cavities in healthy trees were warmer than those in dead trees, but this difference disappeared with rising mean ambient temperatures. This interaction between the effects of tree health status and mean ambient temperature, as well as the effect of day-to-night fluctuations in the ambient temperature, were supported by the analysis of repeated measurements of temperature taken on 12 consecutive nights in five cavities. The variability in cavity microclimates makes the selection of warmer Roost Sites possible, and the predictors of microclimate may provide indirect cues to prospecting birds.
John W. Edwards - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Correction: Seeing the Forest through the Trees: Considering Roost-Site Selection at Multiple Spatial Scales.
PloS one, 2017Co-Authors: David S. Jachowski, Christopher T. Rota, Christopher A. Dobony, W. Mark Ford, John W. EdwardsAbstract:There are errors in the Abstract. The correct Abstract is: Conservation of bat species is one of the most daunting wildlife conservation challenges in North America, requiring detailed knowledge about their ecology to guide conservation efforts. Outside of the hibernating season, bats in temperate forest environments spend their diurnal time in day-Roosts. In addition to simple shelter, summer Roost availability is as critical as maternity Sites and maintaining social group contact. To date, a major focus of bat conservation has concentrated on conserving individual Roost Sites, with comparatively less focus on the role that broader habitat conditions contribute towards Roost-Site selection. We evaluated Roost-Site selection by a northern population of federally-endangered Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) at Fort Drum Military Installation in New York, USA at three different spatial scales: landscape, forest stand, and individual tree level. During 2007–2011, we radiotracked 33 Indiana bats (10 males, 23 females) and located 348 Roosting events in 116 unique Roost trees. At the landscape scale, bat Roost-Site selection was positively associated with northern mixed forest. At the stand scale, we observed subtle differences in Roost Site selection based on sex and season, but Roost selection was generally positively associated with larger stands, and a greater sugar maple (Acer saccharum) component. We observed no distinct trends of Roosts being near high-quality foraging areas of water and forest edges. At the tree scale, Roosts were typically in American elm (Ulmus americana) or sugar maple of large diameter (>30 cm) of moderate decay with loose bark. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of considering day Roost needs simultaneously across multiple spatial scales. Size and decay class of individual Roosts are key ecological attributes for the Indiana bat, however, larger-scale stand components that are products of past and current land use interacting with environmental aspects such as landform also are important factors influencing Roost-tree selection patterns.
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Seeing the Forest through the Trees: Considering Roost-Site Selection at Multiple Spatial Scales
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: David S. Jachowski, Christopher T. Rota, Christopher A. Dobony, W. Mark Ford, John W. EdwardsAbstract:Conservation of bat species is one of the most daunting wildlife conservation challenges in North America, requiring detailed knowledge about their ecology to guide conservation efforts. Outside of the hibernating season, bats in temperate forest environments spend their diurnal time in day-Roosts. In addition to simple shelter, summer Roost availability is as critical as maternity Sites and maintaining social group contact. To date, a major focus of bat conservation has concentrated on conserving individual Roost Sites, with comparatively less focus on the role that broader habitat conditions contribute towards Roost-Site selection. We evaluated Roost-Site selection by a northern population of federally-endangered Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) at Fort Drum Military Installation in New York, USA at three different spatial scales: landscape, forest stand, and individual tree level. During 2007–2011, we radiotracked 33 Indiana bats (10 males, 23 females) and located 348 Roosting events in 116 unique Roost trees. At the landscape scale, bat Roost-Site selection was positively associated with northern mixed forest, increased slope, and greater distance from human development. At the stand scale, we observed subtle differences in Roost Site selection based on sex and season, but Roost selection was generally positively associated with larger stands with a higher basal area, larger tree diameter, and a greater sugar maple (Acer saccharum) component. We observed no distinct trends of Roosts being near high-quality foraging areas of water and forest edges. At the tree scale, Roosts were typically in American elm (Ulmus americana) or sugar maple of large diameter (>30 cm) of moderate decay with loose bark. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of considering day Roost needs simultaneously across multiple spatial scales. Size and decay class of individual Roosts are key ecological attributes for the Indiana bat, however, larger-scale stand structural components that are products of past and current land use interacting with environmental aspects such as landform also are important factors influencing Roost-tree selection patterns.
Peter Z. Fulé - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ponderosa pine restoration and turkey Roost Site use in northern Arizona
Wildlife Society Bulletin, 2005Co-Authors: Steven L. Martin, Tad C. Theimer, Peter Z. FuléAbstract:Ecological restoration of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in the southwestern United States is a relatively new, adaptive management practice that potentially alters wildlife habitat during and immediately after restoration treatments. To determine whether restoration treatments affected Merriam's wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo merriami) use of Roost Sites, we relocated 91 of 120 turkey Roost Sites that originally had been mapped in 1985 in the Uinkaret Mountains of northern Arizona. We compared current turkey use of historical Roost Sites in stands that had been thinned and burned between 1995 and 2002 to adjacent ( 800 m) stands. In 2002, 23 historical Roosts were still in use, and in 2003, 13 were still in use, 5 of which had not been used in 2002. The number of historical Roost Sites still in use among treated, adjacent, and distant stands did not differ from that expected based on the total number of historical Roosts in each stand type. We also searched for new Roosts while traveling between historical Roost Sites and found 2.2 new Roosts per hour searched in treated stands, 1.5 in adjacent stands, and 1.0 in distant stands. As expected, active Roost Sites in treated stands had significantly lower basal area, fewer stems, and less canopy cover compared to Roost Sites in untreated areas. However, Roost trees in treated and untreated stands did not differ in diameter at breast height, height, or distance to the lower limb, indicating that treatment did not affect these characteristics. Several factors unique to our study Site may have influenced our results: treated areas represented only 5% of total habitat available, treatments occurred primarily on flat areas and not on ridges or slopes, and treatments were implemented over several years.
Karl V. Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evening Bat Summer Roost-Site Selection on a Managed Pine Landscape
Journal of Wildlife Management, 2009Co-Authors: Cris D. Hein, Karl V. Miller, Steven B. CastleberryAbstract:Abstract Creation and maintenance of forested corridors to increase landscape heterogeneity has been practiced for decades but is a new concept in intensively managed southern pine (Pinus spp.) forests. Additionally, more information is needed on bat ecology within such forest systems. Therefore, we examined summer Roost-Site selection by evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis) in an intensively managed landscape with forested corridors in southeastern South Carolina, USA, 2003–2006. We radiotracked 53 (26 M, 27 F) adult evening bats to 75 (31 M, 44 F) diurnal Roosts. We modeled landscape-level Roost-Site selection with logistic regression and evaluated models using Akaike's Information Criterion for small samples. Model selection results indicated that mature (≥40 yr) mixed pine–hardwood stands were important Roost Sites for male and lactating female evening bats. Upland forested corridors, comprised of mature pine or mixed pine–hardwoods, were important Roosting habitats for males and, to a lesser extent, l...
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SEX-SPECIFIC SUMMER Roost-Site SELECTION BY SEMINOLE BATS IN RESPONSE TO LANDSCAPE-LEVEL FOREST MANAGEMENT
Journal of Mammalogy, 2008Co-Authors: Cris D. Hein, Steven B. Castleberry, Karl V. MillerAbstract:Although importance of forested corridors to navigating and foraging bats has been documented, the relationship between corridors and Roost-Site selection has not been studied. From late May to mid-August 2003–2006, we used radiotelemetry to investigate Roost-Site selection by Seminole bats (Lasiurus seminolus) on an intensively managed landscape with forested corridors in southern South Carolina. We tracked 27 (10 males and 17 females) adult Seminole bats to 90 (41 males and 49 females) diurnal Roosts. We found 61% (n ¼ 25) of male and 63% (n ¼ 31) of female Roosts in forested corridors, which comprised 11% of the landscape. We modeled Roost-Site selection with logistic regression and used Akaike’s information criterion for small samples (AICc) and Akaike weights to select models relating Roost-Site selection to landscape-level features. Our results indicated that several factors (i.e., distance to nearest corridor and distance to nearest mature pine stand) influenced Roost-Site selection and that differences existed between males and females, and among female reproductive condition. Examination of our data suggests that landscape-level features are more important than tree- and plot-level characteristics for Roosting by Seminole bats on this managed forest. Corridors may represent a feasible approach to maintaining suitable Roosting habitat for Seminole bats in managed forest landscapes.
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Male Seminole Bat Winter Roost-Site Selection in a Managed Forest
Journal of Wildlife Management, 2008Co-Authors: Cris D. Hein, Steven B. Castleberry, Karl V. MillerAbstract:Abstract Understanding year-round Roost-Site selection is essential for managing forest bat populations. From January to March, 2004 to 2006, we used radiotelemetry to investigate winter Roost-Site selection by Seminole bats (Lasiurus seminolus) on an intensively managed landscape with forested corridors in southeastern South Carolina, USA. We modeled Roost-Site selection with logistic regression and used Akaike's Information Criterion for small samples (AICc) and Akaike weights to select models relating Roost-Site selection to plot- and landscape-level variables. We tracked 20 adult male bats to 71 individual Roosts. Bats used a variety of Roosting structures, including the canopy of overstory trees, understory vegetation, pine (Pinus spp.) needle clusters, and leaf litter. Roost height, structure type, and habitat type were influenced by changes in minimum nightly temperature. On warmer nights, bats selected taller trees in mature forest stands, but when minimum nightly temperatures were
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Winter Roost-Site Selection by Seminole Bats in the Lower Coastal Plain of South Carolina
Southeastern Naturalist, 2005Co-Authors: Cris D. Hein, Steven B. Castleberry, Karl V. MillerAbstract:Abstract The winter Roost-Site selection of most North American foliage-Roosting bats is relatively unknown. We examined winter Roost-Site selection of Seminole bats (Lasiurus seminolus) in the Lower Coastal Plain of South Carolina during January 2004. Seminole bats used a variety of day-Roost structures including the canopy of overstory hardwood trees, hanging vines, pine needle clusters suspended from understory vegetation, and leaf litter on the forest floor. Although reported for red bats (L. borealis), this is the first report of Seminole bats Roosting in forest floor leaf litter. Winter Roost selection differed from previous observations of summer Roosts, which consisted almost exclusively of live overstory pine (Pinus spp.) trees. Roost-Site selection in winter likely is related to ambient temperature and optimizing exposure to solar radiation during the day. Management decisions in southeastern forests should consider seasonal changes in Roosting behavior to minimize adverse impacts on forest bats.
