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Sarah Feron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Is Peru Prepared for Large-Scale Sustainable Rural Electrification?
Sustainability, 2018Co-Authors: Sarah Feron, Raul R. CorderoAbstract:Peru has historically been among the Latin-American countries with a low Rural Electrification rate. Aiming to improve this situation, the country conducted several Electrification efforts in the last few decades that included off-grid photovoltaic (PV) solutions for remote areas (where the grid expansion was unviable). More recently, the government has also sponsored a ‘massive program’ that aims to deploy a minimum of 150,000 off-grid PV solutions in the upcoming years. In this paper, we assess the sustainability of Rural Electrification programs in Peru, paying special attention to the ongoing “massive program”. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural) and is based on an exhaustive qualitative document analysis complemented by semi-structured expert interviews. We found that the lack of strong formal institutions with a flexible and decentralized structure seriously compromises the sustainability of Rural Electrification efforts in Peru. Staff rotation and overlapping competences have caused disturbing changes and inhibited following a strategic line, while widespread outsourcing combined with weak controls have often affected the reliability of the deployed systems. Although cross subsidies have made off-grid PV systems affordable for users, systems often fell short of energy demand. Notably, we found that Peruvian officials appear to be unaware of the importance of local participation, and there is a significant mistrust between the government and the Rural population (especially in areas where mining is extensive). As a consequence, most of the projects are still designed without the participation and engagement of the communities, which has frequently led to project failures, payment defaults, and inhibited seizing opportunities regarding productive uses of off-grid PV systems. We expect that our findings may help Peruvian institutions to address the most severe drawbacks affecting their Rural Electrification efforts based on off-grid PV systems.
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sustainability of off grid photovoltaic systems for Rural Electrification in developing countries a review
Sustainability, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah FeronAbstract:A review on Rural Electrification programs and projects based on off-grid Photovoltaic (PV) systems, including Solar Pico Systems (SPS) and Solar Home Systems (SHS) in Developing Countries (DCs) was conducted. The goal was to highlight the main multidimensional drawbacks that may constrain the sustainability of these systems. Four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental and socio-cultural) were considered in this review. It was found that institutional flaws (such as the scarcity of durability/stability and enforcement of formal institutions, weak regulations or standards, incomplete decentralization/participation and the lack of institutional adaptability) seriously compromise the sustainability of Rural Electrification efforts in DCs. While the lack of an effective focalized subsidy scheme (e.g., cross-tariff scheme) for the electricity tariffs of the poor population often made projects economically unsustainable, the scarcity of environmental awareness, regulations or incentives has often turned presumably clean energy technologies into environmentally unsustainable projects. Progress regarding social acceptance, accuracy and cultural justice is urgently needed for ensuring the socio-cultural sustainability of Rural Electrification efforts in DCs. This review may help stakeholders to identify and (based on prior experiences) address the most severe drawbacks affecting the sustainability of Rural Electrification efforts in DCs.
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Are the Rural Electrification Efforts in the Ecuadorian Amazon Sustainable
Sustainability, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah Feron, Harald Heinrichs, Raúl R. CorderoAbstract:In this paper, we assess the sustainability of Rural Electrification programs in Ecuador, paying special attention to programs targeting small indigenous communities in the Amazon basin. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural) and is based on an exhaustive qualitative document analysis, complemented by semi-structured expert interviews. We found that disruptive changes have affected the Electrification policies in Ecuador during decades of avoiding the development of strengthened institutions. Despite this major drawback, we found that there is a consensus on granting access to energy for all. This partially explains the national efforts, persistent through different administrations to fund Rural Electrification. However, in the case of off-grid photovoltaic solutions, these efforts have consistently neglected allocating funds for operation and maintenance, which has seriously compromised the sustainability. Moreover, although Ecuadorian officials declared to favor stand-alone photovoltaic systems in the case of indigenous communities in the Amazon, we found that environmental or socio-cultural aspects have a minor role in the selection of these systems. Progress regarding environmental awareness, social acceptance, and cultural justice, is still needed for ensuring the sustainability of Rural Electrification efforts in the Ecuadorian Amazon.
R. Y. Udaykumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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People’s participation in Rural Electrification—a successful case
Energy Systems, 2012Co-Authors: G. D. Kamalapur, R. Y. UdaykumarAbstract:Rural Electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and Rural growth of a nation. A developing nation, like India has 72.2 percent people living in Rural areas. Still, electricity has not played an effective role in the socio-economic growth of villages. The Government of India has an ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all Rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology Mission, State Electricity Boards led reforms, Reforms in Power Sector, Electricity Act 2003, Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana etc. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the present status of Rural Electrification in India and the major factors contributing to Rural electrical distribution. Steps initiated by the Government of India through Rural Electric Corporation (REC) and a successful case study of the people’s participation model is presented.
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ICETET - People's Participation in Rural Electrification A Successful Case
2008 First International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: G. D. Kamalapur, R. Y. Udaykumar, S. KarajgiAbstract:Rural Electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and Rural growth of a nation. A developing nation, like India has 72.2 percent people living in Rural areas. Still, electricity has not played an effective role in the socioeconomic growth of villages. The Government of India has an ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all Rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology Mission, State Electricity Boards led reforms, Reforms in Power Sector, Electricity Act 2003, etc. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the present status of Rural Electrification in India and the major factors contributing to Rural electrical distribution. Steps initiated by the Government of India through Rural Electric Corporation (REC) and a successful case study of the people's participation model is presented.
G. D. Kamalapur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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People’s participation in Rural Electrification—a successful case
Energy Systems, 2012Co-Authors: G. D. Kamalapur, R. Y. UdaykumarAbstract:Rural Electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and Rural growth of a nation. A developing nation, like India has 72.2 percent people living in Rural areas. Still, electricity has not played an effective role in the socio-economic growth of villages. The Government of India has an ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all Rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology Mission, State Electricity Boards led reforms, Reforms in Power Sector, Electricity Act 2003, Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana etc. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the present status of Rural Electrification in India and the major factors contributing to Rural electrical distribution. Steps initiated by the Government of India through Rural Electric Corporation (REC) and a successful case study of the people’s participation model is presented.
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Rural Electrification in the Changing paradigm of Power Sector Reforms in India
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2011Co-Authors: G. D. Kamalapur, Udaykumar R YAbstract:Rural Electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and Rural growth of a nation. In India, electricity has not played effective role in the socio-economic growth of village. GDP is increasing with 8 percent where as contribution of agriculture sector is 1.9 percent. Government of India has ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all Rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology mission, State Electricity Boards, Reforms in Power Sector. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the features of Rural Electrification in India and the problems faced by State Electricity Boards. Challenges of Rural Electrification in the changing scenario of power sector reforms are identified. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i2.149
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ICETET - People's Participation in Rural Electrification A Successful Case
2008 First International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: G. D. Kamalapur, R. Y. Udaykumar, S. KarajgiAbstract:Rural Electrification is an integral component of poverty alleviation and Rural growth of a nation. A developing nation, like India has 72.2 percent people living in Rural areas. Still, electricity has not played an effective role in the socioeconomic growth of villages. The Government of India has an ambitious target of providing electricity to all villages by 2008 and all Rural households by 2012. Steps are already initiated with Rural Electric Corporation, Rural Electricity Supply Technology Mission, State Electricity Boards led reforms, Reforms in Power Sector, Electricity Act 2003, etc. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the present status of Rural Electrification in India and the major factors contributing to Rural electrical distribution. Steps initiated by the Government of India through Rural Electric Corporation (REC) and a successful case study of the people's participation model is presented.
R Saidur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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potential application of renewable energy for Rural Electrification in malaysia
Renewable Energy, 2013Co-Authors: H Borhanazad, Saad Mekhilef, R Saidur, G BoroumandjaziAbstract:Energy poverty and lack of electricity in Rural areas exacerbate the poverty of the developing countries. In Malaysia, 3.8% of the population lives below the poverty line and most of them are settled in Rural areas. The electricity coverage in poor states is about 79% in comparison with 99.62% in Peninsular Malaysia. The renewable energy sources can be considered the best alternative to reduce the energy poverty of the Rural areas where the grid extension through a difficult terrain and thick jungle is not possible or economic. In this study, the potential for applying renewable sources e solar, wind and hydropower e for Rural Electrification is investigated, especially in the poorest States. A comparative study on Rural Electrification policies, in order to have community approval, appropriate siting and financial benefits for the Rural community, while considering the three categories of social, institutional and economic issues, is also examined. Finally, the Malaysian policies of Rural Electrification by applying renewable sources are explained. It is found that in Malaysia, with a maximum solar radiation of about 6.027 kWh/m 2 per day in
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global policy of Rural Electrification
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013Co-Authors: F S Javadi, R Saidur, Behzad Rismanchi, M Sarraf, O Afshar, Hew Wooi Ping, N A RahimAbstract:Energy poverty and lack of electricity in the Rural area exacerbate the poverty of the developing countries. The sustainable renewable technologies can be considered as efficient tools to reduce energy poverty whenever they are conducted based on an appropriate policy. Electricity can improve the human's lifestyle by increasing the level of health, education, welfare and technology. Currently, Sub-Sahara Africa with only 14.2% of Rural Electrification has the first rank in the world with lowest access to electricity, in that region around 585 million citizens has almost no access to electricity. The present study focuses on the general global policies to electrify the Rural areas. In this regard, variety of plans and programs conducted by governmental and private institutes are investigated. In the year 2011, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has developed three global strategies based on the world energy market that defines the overall world energy approach. In the present work, different technologies for Rural Electrification are taken into account in two major categories of grid connected and off-grid systems. Furthermore, based on sustainable development with emphasis on environmental consideration, the feasibility of Electrification by using different types of renewable energies such as solar, biomass, hydro, wind and wave have been studied. Despite reliability of grid connection, results indicate that renewable energy sources are the best choice especially in areas far from grid connections. Challenges between financial institutes and executive agencies result in resource management and technology development in order to overcome existing barriers and issues.
Raul R. Cordero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Is Peru Prepared for Large-Scale Sustainable Rural Electrification?
Sustainability, 2018Co-Authors: Sarah Feron, Raul R. CorderoAbstract:Peru has historically been among the Latin-American countries with a low Rural Electrification rate. Aiming to improve this situation, the country conducted several Electrification efforts in the last few decades that included off-grid photovoltaic (PV) solutions for remote areas (where the grid expansion was unviable). More recently, the government has also sponsored a ‘massive program’ that aims to deploy a minimum of 150,000 off-grid PV solutions in the upcoming years. In this paper, we assess the sustainability of Rural Electrification programs in Peru, paying special attention to the ongoing “massive program”. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural) and is based on an exhaustive qualitative document analysis complemented by semi-structured expert interviews. We found that the lack of strong formal institutions with a flexible and decentralized structure seriously compromises the sustainability of Rural Electrification efforts in Peru. Staff rotation and overlapping competences have caused disturbing changes and inhibited following a strategic line, while widespread outsourcing combined with weak controls have often affected the reliability of the deployed systems. Although cross subsidies have made off-grid PV systems affordable for users, systems often fell short of energy demand. Notably, we found that Peruvian officials appear to be unaware of the importance of local participation, and there is a significant mistrust between the government and the Rural population (especially in areas where mining is extensive). As a consequence, most of the projects are still designed without the participation and engagement of the communities, which has frequently led to project failures, payment defaults, and inhibited seizing opportunities regarding productive uses of off-grid PV systems. We expect that our findings may help Peruvian institutions to address the most severe drawbacks affecting their Rural Electrification efforts based on off-grid PV systems.
