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Catia Monteiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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responses of the kelp Saccharina Latissima phaeophyceae to the warming arctic from physiology to transcriptomics
Physiologia Plantarum, 2020Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Catia Monteiro, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:The Arctic region is currently facing substantial environmental changes due to global warming. Melting glaciers cause reduced salinity environments in coastal Arctic habitats, which may be stressful for kelp beds. To investigate the responses of the kelp Saccharina Latissima to the warming Arctic, we studied the transcriptomic changes of S. Latissima from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) over a 24-hour exposure to two salinities (Absolute Salinity [SA ] 20 and 30) after a 7-day pre-acclimation at three temperatures (0, 8 and 15°C). In addition, corresponding physiological data were assessed during an 11-days salinity/temperature experiment. Growth and maximal quantum yield for photosystem II fluorescence were positively affected by increased temperature during acclimation, whereas hyposalinity caused negative effects at the last day of treatment. In contrast, hyposalinity induced marked changes on the transcriptomic level. Compared to the control (8°C - SA 30), the 8°C - SA 20 exhibited the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by the 0°C - SA 20. Comparisons indicate that S. Latissima tends to convert its energy from primary metabolism (e.g. photosynthesis) to antioxidant activity under hyposaline stress. The increase in physiological performance at 15°C shows that S. Latissima in the Arctic region can adjust and might even benefit from increased temperatures. However, in Arctic fjord environments its performance might become impaired by decreased salinity as a result of ice melting.
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temperature dependent sex biased gene expression in the gametophytes of the kelp Saccharina Latissima
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Catia Monteiro, Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Jonas Collen, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4°C, 12°C and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes between sexes; while female-biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male-biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of differentially expressed genes consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. Latissima and other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.
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temperature modulates sex biased gene expression in the gametophytes of the kelp Saccharina Latissima
Frontiers in Marine Science, 2019Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Catia Monteiro, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Jonas Collen, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, the sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4°C, 12°C and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes between sexes; while female biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of differentially expressed genes consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. Latissimaand other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.
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Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Saccharina Latissima from the Arctic to temperature and salinity stress
2018Co-Authors: Catia Monteiro, Sandra Heinrich, Klaus-ulrich Valentin, Gernot Glöckner, Inka Bartsch, Erwan Corre, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:The Arctic region is currently facing substantial environmental changes. Melting of glaciers as a consequence of increasing temperature subsequently creates stressful environmental conditions, such as reduced salinity in coastal habitats of kelp beds. We investigated the physiological and transcriptomic performance of the sugar kelp Saccharina Latissima from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) over a 24-hour exposure at two salinities (20 and 30 psu) after a 7- day pre-acclimation at three temperatures (0, 8 and 15°C). The results demonstrate that the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm) at 15° C was significantly higher than at 0° C, but showed no difference at the two salinities. Pigment content exhibited similar response patterns. Salinity, however, affected gene expression much stronger than temperature. The highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs;-DESeq2 with log2Ratio≥2), compared to the control at 8°C and normal salinity, was found in the specimens at 8°C and low salinity (1,374), followed by samples at 0°C and low salinity (1,193). The lowest number of DEGs appeared in the individuals at 0°C and normal salinity (274). Expression profile changes mainly focused on regulations of photosynthetic components and transport processes, as well as induction of ROS scavengers. On the physiological level, our findings indicate a high plastic performance of S. Latissima at higher temperatures and lower salinities accompanied by significant gene expression modulation
Sandra Heinrich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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responses of the kelp Saccharina Latissima phaeophyceae to the warming arctic from physiology to transcriptomics
Physiologia Plantarum, 2020Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Catia Monteiro, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:The Arctic region is currently facing substantial environmental changes due to global warming. Melting glaciers cause reduced salinity environments in coastal Arctic habitats, which may be stressful for kelp beds. To investigate the responses of the kelp Saccharina Latissima to the warming Arctic, we studied the transcriptomic changes of S. Latissima from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) over a 24-hour exposure to two salinities (Absolute Salinity [SA ] 20 and 30) after a 7-day pre-acclimation at three temperatures (0, 8 and 15°C). In addition, corresponding physiological data were assessed during an 11-days salinity/temperature experiment. Growth and maximal quantum yield for photosystem II fluorescence were positively affected by increased temperature during acclimation, whereas hyposalinity caused negative effects at the last day of treatment. In contrast, hyposalinity induced marked changes on the transcriptomic level. Compared to the control (8°C - SA 30), the 8°C - SA 20 exhibited the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by the 0°C - SA 20. Comparisons indicate that S. Latissima tends to convert its energy from primary metabolism (e.g. photosynthesis) to antioxidant activity under hyposaline stress. The increase in physiological performance at 15°C shows that S. Latissima in the Arctic region can adjust and might even benefit from increased temperatures. However, in Arctic fjord environments its performance might become impaired by decreased salinity as a result of ice melting.
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temperature dependent sex biased gene expression in the gametophytes of the kelp Saccharina Latissima
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Catia Monteiro, Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Jonas Collen, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4°C, 12°C and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes between sexes; while female-biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male-biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of differentially expressed genes consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. Latissima and other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.
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temperature modulates sex biased gene expression in the gametophytes of the kelp Saccharina Latissima
Frontiers in Marine Science, 2019Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Catia Monteiro, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Jonas Collen, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, the sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4°C, 12°C and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes between sexes; while female biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of differentially expressed genes consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. Latissimaand other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.
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Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Saccharina Latissima from the Arctic to temperature and salinity stress
2018Co-Authors: Catia Monteiro, Sandra Heinrich, Klaus-ulrich Valentin, Gernot Glöckner, Inka Bartsch, Erwan Corre, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:The Arctic region is currently facing substantial environmental changes. Melting of glaciers as a consequence of increasing temperature subsequently creates stressful environmental conditions, such as reduced salinity in coastal habitats of kelp beds. We investigated the physiological and transcriptomic performance of the sugar kelp Saccharina Latissima from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) over a 24-hour exposure at two salinities (20 and 30 psu) after a 7- day pre-acclimation at three temperatures (0, 8 and 15°C). The results demonstrate that the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm) at 15° C was significantly higher than at 0° C, but showed no difference at the two salinities. Pigment content exhibited similar response patterns. Salinity, however, affected gene expression much stronger than temperature. The highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs;-DESeq2 with log2Ratio≥2), compared to the control at 8°C and normal salinity, was found in the specimens at 8°C and low salinity (1,374), followed by samples at 0°C and low salinity (1,193). The lowest number of DEGs appeared in the individuals at 0°C and normal salinity (274). Expression profile changes mainly focused on regulations of photosynthetic components and transport processes, as well as induction of ROS scavengers. On the physiological level, our findings indicate a high plastic performance of S. Latissima at higher temperatures and lower salinities accompanied by significant gene expression modulation
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Origin matters — Comparative transcriptomics in Saccharina Latissima (Phaeophyceae)
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2016Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Klaus-ulrich Valentin, Stephan Frickenhaus, Christian WienckeAbstract:Abstract Kelps, brown algae of the order Laminariales , dominate rocky shores of cold-temperate regions and constitute important components of coastal ecosystems. Factors influencing their distribution are light including UV-radiation, and temperature, therefore future global environmental changes will likely have an impact on their zonation, distribution patterns, and primary productivity. Here the question was addressed whether laboratory studies can allow such predictions on natural communities by exploring interactive effects of UV-radiation, temperature and growth conditions, on cultivated versus field sporophytes of Saccharina Latissima. Both were exposed for 24 h to UV-radiation at three different temperatures (2, 7 & 12 °C), gene expression profiles under UV-radiation at different temperatures were assessed through microarray hybridizations, and comparisons of gene expression profiles in field versus culture sporophytes were carried out. Principal effects of UV-radiation were similar in culture and field sporophytes, demonstrating laboratory experiments being well suited for investigating basic molecular mechanisms of acclimation to abiotic stresses in the field. However, sporophytes from the field reacted less intense than laboratory cultures, indicating that the severity of transcriptomic responses in situ may be over-estimated from laboratory experiments.
Kai Bischof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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responses of the kelp Saccharina Latissima phaeophyceae to the warming arctic from physiology to transcriptomics
Physiologia Plantarum, 2020Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Catia Monteiro, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:The Arctic region is currently facing substantial environmental changes due to global warming. Melting glaciers cause reduced salinity environments in coastal Arctic habitats, which may be stressful for kelp beds. To investigate the responses of the kelp Saccharina Latissima to the warming Arctic, we studied the transcriptomic changes of S. Latissima from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) over a 24-hour exposure to two salinities (Absolute Salinity [SA ] 20 and 30) after a 7-day pre-acclimation at three temperatures (0, 8 and 15°C). In addition, corresponding physiological data were assessed during an 11-days salinity/temperature experiment. Growth and maximal quantum yield for photosystem II fluorescence were positively affected by increased temperature during acclimation, whereas hyposalinity caused negative effects at the last day of treatment. In contrast, hyposalinity induced marked changes on the transcriptomic level. Compared to the control (8°C - SA 30), the 8°C - SA 20 exhibited the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by the 0°C - SA 20. Comparisons indicate that S. Latissima tends to convert its energy from primary metabolism (e.g. photosynthesis) to antioxidant activity under hyposaline stress. The increase in physiological performance at 15°C shows that S. Latissima in the Arctic region can adjust and might even benefit from increased temperatures. However, in Arctic fjord environments its performance might become impaired by decreased salinity as a result of ice melting.
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temperature dependent sex biased gene expression in the gametophytes of the kelp Saccharina Latissima
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Catia Monteiro, Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Jonas Collen, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4°C, 12°C and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes between sexes; while female-biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male-biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of differentially expressed genes consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. Latissima and other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.
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temperature modulates sex biased gene expression in the gametophytes of the kelp Saccharina Latissima
Frontiers in Marine Science, 2019Co-Authors: Sandra Heinrich, Gernot Glöckner, Catia Monteiro, Inka Bartsch, Klaus Valentin, Erwan Corre, Jonas Collen, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, the sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4°C, 12°C and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes between sexes; while female biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of differentially expressed genes consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. Latissimaand other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.
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Physiological and transcriptomic responses of Saccharina Latissima from the Arctic to temperature and salinity stress
2018Co-Authors: Catia Monteiro, Sandra Heinrich, Klaus-ulrich Valentin, Gernot Glöckner, Inka Bartsch, Erwan Corre, Lars Harms, Kai BischofAbstract:The Arctic region is currently facing substantial environmental changes. Melting of glaciers as a consequence of increasing temperature subsequently creates stressful environmental conditions, such as reduced salinity in coastal habitats of kelp beds. We investigated the physiological and transcriptomic performance of the sugar kelp Saccharina Latissima from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) over a 24-hour exposure at two salinities (20 and 30 psu) after a 7- day pre-acclimation at three temperatures (0, 8 and 15°C). The results demonstrate that the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm) at 15° C was significantly higher than at 0° C, but showed no difference at the two salinities. Pigment content exhibited similar response patterns. Salinity, however, affected gene expression much stronger than temperature. The highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs;-DESeq2 with log2Ratio≥2), compared to the control at 8°C and normal salinity, was found in the specimens at 8°C and low salinity (1,374), followed by samples at 0°C and low salinity (1,193). The lowest number of DEGs appeared in the individuals at 0°C and normal salinity (274). Expression profile changes mainly focused on regulations of photosynthetic components and transport processes, as well as induction of ROS scavengers. On the physiological level, our findings indicate a high plastic performance of S. Latissima at higher temperatures and lower salinities accompanied by significant gene expression modulation
Charles D. Amsler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the immediate wound induced oxidative burst of Saccharina Latissima depends on light via photosynthetic electron transport
Journal of Phycology, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth E. Mcdowell, Margaret O. Amsler, Jack R. Lancaster, Charles D. AmslerAbstract:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by an oxidative burst are an important component of the wound response in algae, vascular plants, and animals. In all taxa, ROS production is usually attributed solely to a defense-related enzyme like NADPH-oxidase (Nox). However, here we show that the initial, wound-induced oxidative burst of the kelp Saccharina Latissima depends on light and photosynthetic electron transport. We measured oxygen evolution and ROS production at different light levels and in the presence of a photosynthetic inhibitor, and we used spin trapping and electron paramagnetic resonance as an orthogonal method. Using an in vivo chemical probe, we provide data suggesting that wound-induced ROS production in two distantly related and geographically isolated species of Antarctic macroalgae may be light dependent as well. We propose that electron transport chains are an important and as yet unaddressed component of the wound response, not just for photosynthetic organisms, but for animals via mitochondria as well. This component may have been obscured by the historic use of diphenylene iodonium, which inhibits not only Noxes but also photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport as well. Finally, we anticipate physiological and/or ecological consequences of the light dependence of macroalgal wound-induced ROS since pathogens and grazers do not disappear in the dark.
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The immediate wound‐induced oxidative burst of Saccharina Latissima depends on light via photosynthetic electron transport
Journal of phycology, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth E. Mcdowell, Margaret O. Amsler, Jack R. Lancaster, Charles D. AmslerAbstract:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by an oxidative burst are an important component of the wound response in algae, vascular plants, and animals. In all taxa, ROS production is usually attributed solely to a defense-related enzyme like NADPH-oxidase (Nox). However, here we show that the initial, wound-induced oxidative burst of the kelp Saccharina Latissima depends on light and photosynthetic electron transport. We measured oxygen evolution and ROS production at different light levels and in the presence of a photosynthetic inhibitor, and we used spin trapping and electron paramagnetic resonance as an orthogonal method. Using an in vivo chemical probe, we provide data suggesting that wound-induced ROS production in two distantly related and geographically isolated species of Antarctic macroalgae may be light dependent as well. We propose that electron transport chains are an important and as yet unaddressed component of the wound response, not just for photosynthetic organisms, but for animals via mitochondria as well. This component may have been obscured by the historic use of diphenylene iodonium, which inhibits not only Noxes but also photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport as well. Finally, we anticipate physiological and/or ecological consequences of the light dependence of macroalgal wound-induced ROS since pathogens and grazers do not disappear in the dark.
Jorunn Skjermo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Correction to: Effect of seeding methods and hatchery periods on sea cultivation of Saccharina Latissima (Phaeophyceae): a Norwegian case study
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2020Co-Authors: Silje Forbord, Kristine B. Steinhovden, Torfinn Solvang, Aleksander Handa, Jorunn SkjermoAbstract:The article Effect of seeding methods and hatchery periods on sea cultivation of Saccharina Latissima (Phaeophyceae): a Norwegian case study, written by Silje Forbord, Kristine B. Steinhovden, Torfinn Solvang, Aleksander Handå, Jorunn Skjermo.
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Polar lipid profile of Saccharina Latissima, a functional food from the sea
Algal Research, 2019Co-Authors: Felisa Rey, Jorunn Skjermo, Diana Lopes, Elisabete Maciel, João P. Monteiro, Jon Funderud, Diogo Raposo, Pedro Domingues, Ricardo Calado, M. Rosário M. DominguesAbstract:Abstract Increasing global demand for food has generated a need for new strategies to feed a fast-growing population. Oceans appear as a sustainable solution, providing alternative sources of food such as macroalgae. These sea vegetables have high nutritional value and provide functional and health benefits. The sugar kelp Saccharina Latissima is an emerging edible seaweed used mainly for human consumption. Although much is known about its biochemical compositions its lipidome remains unexplored. The aim of the present study was to characterize the polar lipid profile of S. Latissima using a lipidomic-mass spectrometry HILIC-LC-MS based analysis. This approach allowed the identification of 197 molecular species of polar lipids, including glycolipids, phospholipids and betaine lipids. Several molecular species identified are carriers of polyunsaturated fatty acids with nutritional value and have been reported with anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-proliferative activity. Saccharina Latissima is an emerging candidate to promote blue biotechnology inspired by the ocean.
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seasonal and depth dependent growth of cultivated kelp Saccharina Latissima in close proximity to salmon salmo salar aquaculture in norway
Aquaculture, 2013Co-Authors: Silje Forbord, Aleksander Handa, Kjell Inge Reitan, Ole Broch, Xinxin Wang, Stine Veronica Wiborg Dahle, Trond Rovik Storseth, Yngvar Olsen, Jorunn SkjermoAbstract:Abstract The interest to develop an industrialized cultivation of several macroalgae in Europe is growing rapidly. Here, we demonstrate cultivation of the sugar kelp Saccharina Latissima in integration with salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture in a Norwegian coastal area. Sporophytes of S. Latissima were deployed at 2, 5 and 8 m depths at a salmon farm and at a reference station 4 km away in August, November, February and June (2010–2011). The growth was good in late autumn and in spring, with peak lengths of the sporophytes in June, while being poor in winter and summer. As a result of a faster initial growth at the fish farm than at the reference station from August to November, the August-sporophytes reached a significantly longer length than those at the reference station in 5 out of 10 sampling months at 2 m depth, and in 9 out of 10 months at 5 m depth (p
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development of Saccharina Latissima phaeophyceae kelp hatcheries with year round production of zoospores and juvenile sporophytes on culture ropes for kelp aquaculture
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2012Co-Authors: Silje Forbord, Johanne Arff, Aleksander Handa, Kjell Inge Reitan, Rasmus Bjerregaard, Jorunn Skjermo, Klaus LuningAbstract:Saccharina Latissima is attractive for industrial cultivation for different usages, such as biofuels, feed supplements, and derivation of chemicals. A continuous supply of kelp sporelings throughout the year may ensure a year-round production of kelp juveniles on ropes. In this study, induction of sporangial areas (sorus portions) on the blade of S. Latissima was performed throughout the year at three locations: Trondheim (Norway), Grenaa (Denmark), and Sylt island (Germany). The results indicate that a year-round sorus induction in S. Latissima is possible and that this induction is controlled by applying short-day treatment of adult sporophytes throughout the year and by the removal of the basal blade meristem. The artificially induced and released zoospores formed viable sporelings at all seasons, but cultivation in the sea in Norway was successful only during autumn, winter, and spring, while the growth conditions were poor during the summer. The results are important for industrial scale-up and continuous production of kelp biomass.
