The Experts below are selected from a list of 51108 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Fumihiko Kato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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range of motion of thoracic spine in Sagittal Plane
European Spine Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Daigo Morita, Yasutsugu Yukawa, Hiroaki Nakashima, Keigo Ito, Go Yoshida, Masaaki Machino, Syunsuke Kanbara, Toshiki Iwase, Fumihiko KatoAbstract:Imaging study of thoracic spine. The purpose of this study was to investigate dynamic alignment and range of motion (ROM) at all segmental levels of thoracic spine. Thoracic spine is considered to have restricted ROM because of restriction by the rib cage. However, angular movements of thoracic spine can induce thoracic compressive myelopathy in some patients. Although few previous studies have reported segmental ROM with regard to Sagittal Plane, these were based on cadaver specimens. No study has reported normal functional ROM of thoracic spine. Fifty patients with cervical or lumbar spinal disease but neither thoracic spinal disease nor compression fracture were enrolled prospectively in this study (34 males, 16 females; mean age 55.4 ± 14.7 years; range 27–81 years). After preoperative myelography, multidetector-row computed tomography scanning was performed at passive maximum flexion and extension position. Total and segmental thoracic kyphotic angles were measured and ROM calculated. Total kyphotic angle (T1/L1) was 40.2° ± 11.4° and 8.5° ± 12.8° in flexion and extension, respectively (P < 0.0001). The apex of the kyphotic angle was at T6/7 in flexion. Total ROM (T1/L1) was 31.7° ± 11.3°. Segmental ROM decreased from T1/2 to T4/5 but increased gradually from T4/5 to T12/L1. Maximum ROM was at T12/L1 (4.2° ± 2.1°) and minimum at T4/5 (0.9° ± 3.0°). Thoracic spine showed ROM in Sagittal Plane, despite being considered a stable region. These findings offer useful information in the diagnosis and selection of surgical intervention in thoracic spinal disease.
David Murray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sagittal Plane kinematics of a mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty at 10 years a comparative in vivo fluoroscopic analysis
Journal of Arthroplasty, 2004Co-Authors: A J Price, Jonathan L Rees, D J Beard, Richie Gill, Christopher Dodd, David MurrayAbstract:This study compares in vivo Sagittal Plane kinematics of the Oxford mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) at 1 and 10 years' postsurgery (10 knees) with a fixed-bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) (5 knees) and the normal knee (5 knees), using dynamic fluoroscopic measurement of the patellar tendon angle. The Oxford UKA preserved normal changes in patellar tendon angle with flexion, and this was maintained at 10 years. In contrast, an abnormal pattern was seen with the TKA. The results suggest that a normal pattern of Sagittal Plane knee kinematics exists following Oxford medial UKA and imply that anterior cruciate ligament function is maintained in the long term.
Brad Rakerd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification and localization of sound sources in the median Sagittal Plane
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1999Co-Authors: Brad Rakerd, William M. Hartmann, Timothy L. MccaskeyAbstract:The ability of human listeners to identify broadband noises differing in spectral structure was studied for multiple sound-source locations in the median Sagittal Plane. The purpose of the study was to understand how sound identification is affected by spectral variations caused by directionally dependent head-related transfer functions. It was found that listeners could accurately identify noises with different spectral peaks and valleys when the source location was fixed. Listeners could also identify noises when the source location was roved in the median Sagittal Plane when the relevant spectral features were at low frequency. Listeners failed to identify noises with roved location when the spectral structure was at high frequency, presumably because the spectral structure was confused with the spectral variations caused by different locations. Parallel experiments on sound localization showed that listeners can localize noises that they cannot identify. The combination of identification and localization experiments leads to the conclusion that listeners cannot compensate for directionally dependent filtering by their own heads when they try to identify sounds.
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Sound localization in the median Sagittal Plane by listeners with presbyacusis.
Journal of The American Academy of Audiology, 1998Co-Authors: Brad Rakerd, T. J. Vander Velde, William M. HartmannAbstract:In Experiment 1, a group of listeners with substantial hearing loss due to presbyacusis and a group of listeners with normal hearing were given three localization tests: a frontal Plane test in which they judged whether sounds came from the left, overhead, or the right; a Sagittal Plane test in which they judged whether sounds came from directly in front, overhead, or behind; and an elevation test in which they judged the vertical position of sounds coming from in front. The two groups performed similarly on the frontal Plane test, which chiefly depended upon their ability to use binaural localization cues. They performed differently on the Sagittal Plane and elevation tests, for which the predominant localization cues were spectral. The listeners with presbyacusis were substantially less accurate than those with normal hearing in both of these instances. They had particular difficulty judging source elevation, rarely scoring much above chance. Follow-up testing of a group of subjects in the early stages of presbyacusis showed localization performance that was intermediate to the other two groups, but far more like that of the normal-hearing listeners. In Experiment 2, additional tests were run with the following conditions designed to encourage improved performance by listeners with presbyacusic hearing loss: (1) filtering of stimuli to preclude masking of more informative high-frequency components by low frequencies; (2) simplification of the elevation test and greater spatial separation of its loudspeaker sources; and (3) use of hearing aids. Conditions 1 and 2 had no appreciable effect on performance; condition 3 significantly improved presbyacusic listeners' ability to localize in the Sagittal Plane, particularly when sounds came from the front.
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Psychophysical and Physiological Evidence for a Precedence Effect in the Median Sagittal Plane
Journal of Neurophysiology, 1997Co-Authors: Ruth Y. Litovsky, Brad Rakerd, William M. HartmannAbstract:Litovsky, Ruth Y., Brad Rakerd, Tom C. T. Yin, and William M. Hartmann. Psychophysical and physiological evidence for a precedence effect in the median Sagittal Plane. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 2223–222...
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Auditory spectral discrimination and the localization of clicks in the Sagittal Plane.
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1993Co-Authors: William M. Hartmann, Brad RakerdAbstract:Experiments show that the ability of human listeners to localize an impulsive sound in the medial Sagittal Plane (front, overhead, rear) deteriorates as the level of the sound increases. This negative level effect is strong for clicks but does not appear for broadband noise. It is conjectured that the negative level effect arises because the tonotopic excitation pattern is broadened for intense impulsive sounds. As a result, the spectral peaks and valleys, which are caused by anatomical filtering and which normally code for localization in the Sagittal Plane, are less recognizable. Filtered click discrimination experiments using headphones also show a negative level effect for clicks, but not for noise, and support this conjecture.
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Auditory spectral resolution and the localization of clicks in the Sagittal Plane
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1992Co-Authors: William M. Hartmann, Brad RakerdAbstract:In a Sagittal Plane localization experiment, listeners (N=8) were required to localize a train of eight clicks that originated from a source that was either directly in front, overhead, or behind. Click trains were made from 25‐μs pulses, separated by 110 ms, and were presented in an anechoic room. The principal experimental parameter was the peak level of the clicks: 68, 74, 80, 86, 92, or 98 dB SPL. All listeners except one showed a level disadvantage: The localization error rate increased with increasing level, on the average by a factor of 10 over the range of levels. It was conjectured that the level disadvantage arises from a failure of the auditory system to resolve details of the spectral shaping caused by pinna, head, and upper torso in the case of a high‐level pulse. Resolving these details is necessary for localization in the Sagittal Plane. This conjecture was tested in headphone experiments on filtered click discrimination. Many instances of level disadvantage were found, but none so strong o...
William M. Hartmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification and localization of sound sources in the median Sagittal Plane
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1999Co-Authors: Brad Rakerd, William M. Hartmann, Timothy L. MccaskeyAbstract:The ability of human listeners to identify broadband noises differing in spectral structure was studied for multiple sound-source locations in the median Sagittal Plane. The purpose of the study was to understand how sound identification is affected by spectral variations caused by directionally dependent head-related transfer functions. It was found that listeners could accurately identify noises with different spectral peaks and valleys when the source location was fixed. Listeners could also identify noises when the source location was roved in the median Sagittal Plane when the relevant spectral features were at low frequency. Listeners failed to identify noises with roved location when the spectral structure was at high frequency, presumably because the spectral structure was confused with the spectral variations caused by different locations. Parallel experiments on sound localization showed that listeners can localize noises that they cannot identify. The combination of identification and localization experiments leads to the conclusion that listeners cannot compensate for directionally dependent filtering by their own heads when they try to identify sounds.
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Sound localization in the median Sagittal Plane by listeners with presbyacusis.
Journal of The American Academy of Audiology, 1998Co-Authors: Brad Rakerd, T. J. Vander Velde, William M. HartmannAbstract:In Experiment 1, a group of listeners with substantial hearing loss due to presbyacusis and a group of listeners with normal hearing were given three localization tests: a frontal Plane test in which they judged whether sounds came from the left, overhead, or the right; a Sagittal Plane test in which they judged whether sounds came from directly in front, overhead, or behind; and an elevation test in which they judged the vertical position of sounds coming from in front. The two groups performed similarly on the frontal Plane test, which chiefly depended upon their ability to use binaural localization cues. They performed differently on the Sagittal Plane and elevation tests, for which the predominant localization cues were spectral. The listeners with presbyacusis were substantially less accurate than those with normal hearing in both of these instances. They had particular difficulty judging source elevation, rarely scoring much above chance. Follow-up testing of a group of subjects in the early stages of presbyacusis showed localization performance that was intermediate to the other two groups, but far more like that of the normal-hearing listeners. In Experiment 2, additional tests were run with the following conditions designed to encourage improved performance by listeners with presbyacusic hearing loss: (1) filtering of stimuli to preclude masking of more informative high-frequency components by low frequencies; (2) simplification of the elevation test and greater spatial separation of its loudspeaker sources; and (3) use of hearing aids. Conditions 1 and 2 had no appreciable effect on performance; condition 3 significantly improved presbyacusic listeners' ability to localize in the Sagittal Plane, particularly when sounds came from the front.
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Psychophysical and Physiological Evidence for a Precedence Effect in the Median Sagittal Plane
Journal of Neurophysiology, 1997Co-Authors: Ruth Y. Litovsky, Brad Rakerd, William M. HartmannAbstract:Litovsky, Ruth Y., Brad Rakerd, Tom C. T. Yin, and William M. Hartmann. Psychophysical and physiological evidence for a precedence effect in the median Sagittal Plane. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 2223–222...
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Auditory spectral discrimination and the localization of clicks in the Sagittal Plane.
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1993Co-Authors: William M. Hartmann, Brad RakerdAbstract:Experiments show that the ability of human listeners to localize an impulsive sound in the medial Sagittal Plane (front, overhead, rear) deteriorates as the level of the sound increases. This negative level effect is strong for clicks but does not appear for broadband noise. It is conjectured that the negative level effect arises because the tonotopic excitation pattern is broadened for intense impulsive sounds. As a result, the spectral peaks and valleys, which are caused by anatomical filtering and which normally code for localization in the Sagittal Plane, are less recognizable. Filtered click discrimination experiments using headphones also show a negative level effect for clicks, but not for noise, and support this conjecture.
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Auditory spectral resolution and the localization of clicks in the Sagittal Plane
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1992Co-Authors: William M. Hartmann, Brad RakerdAbstract:In a Sagittal Plane localization experiment, listeners (N=8) were required to localize a train of eight clicks that originated from a source that was either directly in front, overhead, or behind. Click trains were made from 25‐μs pulses, separated by 110 ms, and were presented in an anechoic room. The principal experimental parameter was the peak level of the clicks: 68, 74, 80, 86, 92, or 98 dB SPL. All listeners except one showed a level disadvantage: The localization error rate increased with increasing level, on the average by a factor of 10 over the range of levels. It was conjectured that the level disadvantage arises from a failure of the auditory system to resolve details of the spectral shaping caused by pinna, head, and upper torso in the case of a high‐level pulse. Resolving these details is necessary for localization in the Sagittal Plane. This conjecture was tested in headphone experiments on filtered click discrimination. Many instances of level disadvantage were found, but none so strong o...
Daigo Morita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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range of motion of thoracic spine in Sagittal Plane
European Spine Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Daigo Morita, Yasutsugu Yukawa, Hiroaki Nakashima, Keigo Ito, Go Yoshida, Masaaki Machino, Syunsuke Kanbara, Toshiki Iwase, Fumihiko KatoAbstract:Imaging study of thoracic spine. The purpose of this study was to investigate dynamic alignment and range of motion (ROM) at all segmental levels of thoracic spine. Thoracic spine is considered to have restricted ROM because of restriction by the rib cage. However, angular movements of thoracic spine can induce thoracic compressive myelopathy in some patients. Although few previous studies have reported segmental ROM with regard to Sagittal Plane, these were based on cadaver specimens. No study has reported normal functional ROM of thoracic spine. Fifty patients with cervical or lumbar spinal disease but neither thoracic spinal disease nor compression fracture were enrolled prospectively in this study (34 males, 16 females; mean age 55.4 ± 14.7 years; range 27–81 years). After preoperative myelography, multidetector-row computed tomography scanning was performed at passive maximum flexion and extension position. Total and segmental thoracic kyphotic angles were measured and ROM calculated. Total kyphotic angle (T1/L1) was 40.2° ± 11.4° and 8.5° ± 12.8° in flexion and extension, respectively (P < 0.0001). The apex of the kyphotic angle was at T6/7 in flexion. Total ROM (T1/L1) was 31.7° ± 11.3°. Segmental ROM decreased from T1/2 to T4/5 but increased gradually from T4/5 to T12/L1. Maximum ROM was at T12/L1 (4.2° ± 2.1°) and minimum at T4/5 (0.9° ± 3.0°). Thoracic spine showed ROM in Sagittal Plane, despite being considered a stable region. These findings offer useful information in the diagnosis and selection of surgical intervention in thoracic spinal disease.
