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Virginia Garófano-gómez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Functional assessment of invasive Salix fragilis L. in north-western Patagonian flood plains: A comparative approach
Acta Oecologica, 2019Co-Authors: Anne Lewerentz, Gregory Egger, J. Ethan Householder, Brian Reid, Andreas Ch Braun, Virginia Garófano-gómezAbstract:European willows (Salicaceae) are pioneer species in temperate zone floodplains. The species are considered invasive and introduction can lead to substantial alteration of floodplain vegetation communities and ecosystem functioning. Invasive spread of different Salicaceae have been attributed to differences in flood tolerance, growth and dispersal between it and co-occurring native species, suggesting a comparative approach examining key traits to be a profitable strategy in elucidating and predicting patterns of Salicaceae invasion. Here we study incipient Salix fragilis invasions in Chilean Patagonia on the western slopes of the Andes. Our approach combines vegetation transect data with dendroecological analysis to compare patterns of niche position along the hy-drogeomorphic gradient, niche breadth, and growth rate among S. fragilis and co-occurring species. We evaluated these traits because they are thought to be key to species' capacity to colonize, survive, grow and reproduce in dynamic floodplain habitats. Transect data showed that relative to the most common native trees and shrubs, S. fragilis has the broadest environmental tolerance along the hydrogeomorphic gradient and has a mean niche position closest to severely disturbed and highly flooded channel margins. Moreover, growth models showed that S. fragilis grows faster relative to native species, especially at juvenile stages. Our data suggest that a unique set of trait values allows S. fragilis to occupy a previously under-occupied and abundantly distributed niche, and will continue to colonize, survive, grow and reproduce in morphodynamically disturbed river margins. This is the first report of invasive S. fragilis in Chile, and we comment on potential impacts to native vegetation communities, soil development and ecosystem function.
Max Peragallo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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deteccion de leucoptera sinuella reutti lepidoptera lyonetiidae en chile con la identificacion de algunos parasitoides asociados
REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA, 2019Co-Authors: Ariel Sandoval, Sandra Ide, Sergio Rothmann, Evelyn Zuniga, Paula Bosch, Max PeragalloAbstract:En marzo del 2015 el Servicio Agricola y Ganadero (SAG), a traves de actividades de vigilancia forestal, detecto por primera vez en Chile la presencia de Leucoptera sinuella (Reutti), atacando follaje de alamos ( Populus spp., Salicaceae), en la comuna de Talagante (Region Metropolitana de Santiago). Actividades de prospeccion desarrolladas por el SAG han determinado que este microlepidoptero se encuentra distribuido en diversas comunas de las regiones de Valparaiso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Libertador General Bernardo O’Higgins, Maule, Nuble y Biobio. Adicionalmente, fueron identificadas siete especies de microhimenopteros parasitoides asociados a L. sinuella , pertenecientes a las familias Eulophidae (6 especies) y Chalcididae (1 especie).
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Detección de Leucoptera sinuella (Reutti) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) en Chile, con la identificación de algunos parasitoides asociados
'Sociedad Chilena de Entomologia', 2019Co-Authors: Ariel Sandoval C., Sergio Rothmann, Evelyn Zuniga, Sandra Ide M., Paula Bosh E., Max PeragalloAbstract:En marzo del 2015 el Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero (SAG), a través de actividades de vigilancia forestal, detectó por primera vez en Chile la presencia de Leucoptera sinuella (Reutti), atacando follaje de álamos (Populus spp., Salicaceae), en la comuna de Talagante (Región Metropolitana de Santiago). Actividades de prospección desarrolladas por el SAG han determinado que este microlepidóptero se encuentra distribuido en diversas comunas de las regiones de Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, Libertador General Bernardo O’Higgins, Maule, Ñuble y Biobío. Adicionalmente, fueron identificadas siete especies de microhimenópteros parasitoides asociados a L. sinuella, pertenecientes a las familias Eulophidae (6 especies) y Chalcididae (1 especie)
Francis Raoul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How Do Richness and Composition of Diet Shape Trace Metal Exposure in a Free-Living Generalist Rodent, Apodemus sylvaticus
Environmental Science and Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Shinji Ozaki, Clementine Fritsch, Benoit Valot, Frederic Mora, Thierry Cornier, Renaud Scheifler, Francis RaoulAbstract:Exposure of terrestrial mammals to chemical contaminants like trace metals (TMs) is considered to be mainly based on trophic transfer. Although relationships between TM transfer to animals and identity of contaminated food have been studied, the variation of the TM transfer with respect to diet diversity has been poorly documented. In this study, the oral exposure to TMs of wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus was investigated with respect to both the number of different items, i.e., diet richness, and the identity of items determined by metabarcoding from their stomach content, i.e., diet composition. The results showed that consuming Salicaceae, a known cadmium accumulator plant family, significantly increased exposure to cadmium and zinc. However, an increase in diet richness minimized exposure to cadmium when mice consumed Salicaceae items. This strongly suggests that TM accumulator items can lead to a high oral exposure to TMs but that such high exposure due to TM accumulator items can be "diluted" by diet richness due to other low accumulator items. Our results clearly indicate that both the presence of certain items in the diet and diet richness are important determinants of exposure to TMs in generalist animals, which matches the predictions of the "diet dilution hypothesis".
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how do richness and composition of diet shape trace metal exposure in a free living generalist rodent apodemus sylvaticus
Environmental Science & Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Shinji Ozaki, Clementine Fritsch, Benoit Valot, Frederic Mora, Thierry Cornier, Renaud Scheifler, Francis RaoulAbstract:Exposure of terrestrial mammals to chemical contaminants like trace metals (TMs) is considered to be mainly based on trophic transfer. Although relationships between TM transfer to animals and identity of contaminated food have been studied, the variation of the TM transfer with respect to diet diversity has been poorly documented. In this study, the oral exposure to TMs of wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus was investigated with respect to both the number of different items, i.e., diet richness, and the identity of items determined by metabarcoding from their stomach content, i.e., diet composition. The results showed that consuming Salicaceae, a known cadmium accumulator plant family, significantly increased exposure to cadmium and zinc. However, an increase in diet richness minimized exposure to cadmium when mice consumed Salicaceae items. This strongly suggests that TM accumulator items can lead to a high oral exposure to TMs but that such high exposure due to TM accumulator items can be “diluted” by diet ...
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How Do Richness and Composition of Diet Shape Trace Metal Exposure in a Free-Living Generalist Rodent, Apodemus sylvaticus
2019Co-Authors: Shinji Ozaki, Benoit Valot, Thierry Cornier, Renaud Scheifler, Clémentine Fritsch, Frédéric Mora, Francis RaoulAbstract:Exposure of terrestrial mammals to chemical contaminants like trace metals (TMs) is considered to be mainly based on trophic transfer. Although relationships between TM transfer to animals and identity of contaminated food have been studied, the variation of the TM transfer with respect to diet diversity has been poorly documented. In this study, the oral exposure to TMs of wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus was investigated with respect to both the number of different items, i.e., diet richness, and the identity of items determined by metabarcoding from their stomach content, i.e., diet composition. The results showed that consuming Salicaceae, a known cadmium accumulator plant family, significantly increased exposure to cadmium and zinc. However, an increase in diet richness minimized exposure to cadmium when mice consumed Salicaceae items. This strongly suggests that TM accumulator items can lead to a high oral exposure to TMs but that such high exposure due to TM accumulator items can be “diluted” by diet richness due to other low accumulator items. Our results clearly indicate that both the presence of certain items in the diet and diet richness are important determinants of exposure to TMs in generalist animals, which matches the predictions of the “diet dilution hypothesis”
Ilona Leyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of 23 polymorphic ssr markers in salix humboldtiana Salicaceae using next generation sequencing and cross amplification from related species
Applications in Plant Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Jorge A Bozzi, Sascha Liepelt, Sebastian Ohneiser, Ilona Leyer, Paula Marchelli, Leonardo A. Gallo, Birgit Ziegenhagen, Christina MengelAbstract:Premise of the study: We present a set of 23 polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci, 18 of which are identified for the first time within the riparian species Salix humboldtiana (Salicaceae) using next-generation sequencing. Methods and Results: To characterize the 23 loci, up to 60 individuals were sampled and genotyped at each locus. The number of alleles ranged from two to eight, with an average of 4.43 alleles per locus. The effective number of alleles ranged from 1.15 to 3.09 per locus, and allelic richness ranged from 2.00 to 7.73 alleles per locus. Conclusions: The new marker set will be used for future studies of genetic diversity and differentiation as well as for unraveling spatial genetic structures in S. humboldtiana populations in northern Patagonia, Argentina.
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Are Vegetative Reproduction Capacities the Cause of Widespread Invasion of Eurasian Salicaceae in Patagonian River Landscapes
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Lisa K. Thomas, Lena Tölle, Birgit Ziegenhagen, Ilona LeyerAbstract:In recent decades, invasive willows and poplars (Salicaceae) have built dense floodplain forests along most of the rivers in Patagonia, Argentina. These invasion processes may affect Salix humboldtiana as the only native floodplain tree species in this region. It is assumed, that the property to reproduce vegetatively can play an important role in the establishment of invasive species in their new range. Thus, in order to contribute to a better understanding of willow and poplar invasions in riparian systems and to assess the potential impacts on S. humboldtiana the vegetative reproduction capacities of native and invasive Salicaceae were analysed. In a greenhouse experiment, we studied cutting survival and growth performance of the three most dominant invasive Salicaceae of the Patagonian Rio Negro region (two Salix hybrids and Populus spec.), as well as S. humboldtiana, taking into account three different moisture and two different soil conditions. In a subsequent experiment, the shoot and root biomass of cuttings from the former experiment were removed and the bare cuttings were replanted to test their ability to re-sprout. The two invasive willow hybrids performed much better than S. humboldtiana and Populus spec. under all treatment combinations and tended to re-sprout more successfully after repeated biomass loss. Taking into account the ecology of vegetative and generative recruits of floodplain willows, the results indicate that the more vigorous vegetative reproduction capacity can be a crucial property for the success of invasive willow hybrids in Patagonia being a potential threat for S. humboldtiana.
Bruno Clair - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multilayered structure of tension wood cell walls in Salicaceae sensu lato and its taxonomic significance
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016Co-Authors: Barbara Ghislain, Eric-andré Nicolini, Raïssa Romain, Mac H. Alford, Julien Ruelle, Arata Yoshinaga, Bruno ClairAbstract:The circumscription of Salicaceae has recently been enlarged to include a majority of the species formerly placed in the polyphyletic tropical family Flacourtiaceae. Several studies have reported a peculiar and infrequently formed multilayered structure of tension wood in four of the tropical genera. Tension wood is a tissue produced by trees to restore their vertical orientation, and most studies have focused on trees developing tension wood by means of cellulose-rich, gelatinous fibres, as is known in Populus L. and Salix L. (Salicaceae s.s.). This study aims to determine if the multilayered structure of tension wood is an anatomical characteristic common in other Salicaceae, and if so, how its distribution correlates to phylogenetic relationships. Therefore, we studied the tension wood of 14 genera of Salicaceae as well as two genera of Achariaceae, one genus of Goupiaceae, and one genus of Lacistemataceae, families closely related to Salicaceae or formerly placed in Flacourtiaceae. Opposite wood and tension wood were compared with light microscopy and 3D Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy. The results indicate that a multilayered structure of tension wood is common in the family except in Salix, Populus, and one of their closest relatives, Idesia polycarpa Maxim. We suggest that tension wood may be a useful anatomical character in understanding phylogenetic relationships in Salicaceae. Further investigation is still needed on the tension wood of several other putatively close relatives of Salix and Populus, in particular Bennettiodendron Merr., Macrohasseltia L.O.Williams and Itoa Hemsl.
