The Experts below are selected from a list of 198 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J G Hardin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Symptomatic salicylate ototoxicity: a useful indicator of serum salicylate concentration?
Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 1991Co-Authors: J T Halla, S L Atchison, J G HardinAbstract:A three phase study was designed to define further the sensitivity and specificity of symptomatic salicylate ototoxicity (primarily tinnitus) for serum salicylate concentrations. In phase one 260 patients with osteoarthritis and 112 with rheumatoid arthritis, none taking Salicylates, were interviewed about their ear symptoms. Their responses were not significantly different from those of 134 salicylate treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis previously reported. In the second phase 56 patients who were taking Salicylates, and who volunteered the complaint of tinnitus, had serum salicylate concentrations measured while symptomatic, and 30 (54%) had concentrations less than 1.3 mmol/l. Few tolerated an upward salicylate dose adjustment. For phase three, 94 patients were found to have a salicylate concentration above 2.2 mmol/l on one or more occasion, and these subjects were interviewed. Fifty two patients (55%) had no tinnitus, and tinnitus correlated with the blood salicylate concentration in only 28 (30%). Audiological evaluation of most of the symptomatic patients was carried out, and results were abnormal in the majority, even in those patients not reporting tinnitus. Symptomatic salicylate ototoxicity is too nonspecific and too insensitive to be a useful indicator of serum salicylate concentration.
Richard Salvi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of sodium salicylate on spontaneous and evoked spike rate in the dorsal cochlear nucleus
Hearing Research, 2010Co-Authors: Lei Wei, Dalian Ding, Wei Sun, Matthew A Xufriedman, Richard SalviAbstract:Spontaneous hyperactivity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), particularly in fusiform cells, has been proposed as a neural generator of tinnitus. To determine if sodium salicylate, a reliable tinnitus inducer, could evoke hyperactivity in the DCN, we measured the spontaneous and depolarization-evoked spike rate in fusiform and cartwheel cells during salicylate superfusion. Five minute treatment with 1.4 mM salicylate suppressed spontaneous and evoked firing in fusiform cells; this decrease partially recovered after salicylate washout. Less suppression and greater recovery occurred with 3 min treatment using 1.4 mM salicylate. In contrast, salicylate had no effect on the spontaneous or evoked firing of cartwheel cells indicating that salicylate's suppressive effects are specific to fusiform cells. To determine if salicylate's suppressive effects were a consequence of increased synaptic inhibition, spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSC) were measured during salicylate treatment. Salicylate unexpectedly reduced IPSC thereby ruling out increased inhibition as a mechanism to explain the depressed firing rates in fusiform cells. The salicylate-induced suppression of fusiform spike rate apparently arises from unidentified changes in the cell's intrinsic excitability.
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Salicylate ototoxicity: Review and synthesis
American journal of otolaryngology, 1991Co-Authors: Flint A. Boettcher, Richard SalviAbstract:Abstract The effects of Salicylates on the auditory system are reviewed. The clinical manifestations of aspirin ototoxicity are described, including changes in the sensitivity and suprathreshold characteristics of hearing, as well as tinnitus. The results of animal experiments on salicylate ototoxicity are discussed, including behavioral, anatomic, and physiologic studies examining the mechanisms of salicylate ototoxicity. The use of Salicylates in the study of the basic mechanisms of hearing and hearing loss is also considered.
J T Halla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Symptomatic salicylate ototoxicity: a useful indicator of serum salicylate concentration?
Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 1991Co-Authors: J T Halla, S L Atchison, J G HardinAbstract:A three phase study was designed to define further the sensitivity and specificity of symptomatic salicylate ototoxicity (primarily tinnitus) for serum salicylate concentrations. In phase one 260 patients with osteoarthritis and 112 with rheumatoid arthritis, none taking Salicylates, were interviewed about their ear symptoms. Their responses were not significantly different from those of 134 salicylate treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis previously reported. In the second phase 56 patients who were taking Salicylates, and who volunteered the complaint of tinnitus, had serum salicylate concentrations measured while symptomatic, and 30 (54%) had concentrations less than 1.3 mmol/l. Few tolerated an upward salicylate dose adjustment. For phase three, 94 patients were found to have a salicylate concentration above 2.2 mmol/l on one or more occasion, and these subjects were interviewed. Fifty two patients (55%) had no tinnitus, and tinnitus correlated with the blood salicylate concentration in only 28 (30%). Audiological evaluation of most of the symptomatic patients was carried out, and results were abnormal in the majority, even in those patients not reporting tinnitus. Symptomatic salicylate ototoxicity is too nonspecific and too insensitive to be a useful indicator of serum salicylate concentration.
Robert G. Hendrickson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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coagulopathy and bleeding associated with salicylate toxicity
Clinical Toxicology, 2020Co-Authors: Benjamin W Hatten, Robert G. HendricksonAbstract:AbstractIntroduction: Salicylate toxicity is a common cause of morbidity and hospitalization. Animal and human studies suggest that Salicylates cause a dose-dependent inhibition of the activation o...
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Salicylate toxicity after undetectable serum salicylate concentration: a retrospective cohort study.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia Pa.), 2018Co-Authors: Michael J. Moss, J Ashton Fisher, Tara A Kenny, Allison C Palmer, John A Thompson, Hannah Wolfer, Robert G. HendricksonAbstract:Background: Salicylates are usually rapidly absorbed and quickly measurable in serum. An undetectable serum salicylate concentration ([ASA]) may occur early after ingestion and may be interpreted a...
Barry J. Cusack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Salicylate Intoxication in the Elderly
Drugs & Aging, 1992Co-Authors: Chester Durnas, Barry J. CusackAbstract:Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and its salicylate derivatives are effective antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory agents that are still very widely used by the elderly despite the advent of newer, potentially safer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, none of the new NSAIDs have been proven to be more effective than aspirin or salicylic acid. Chronic salicylate intoxication which is most common in the elderly, may occur with therapeutic doses. Increased toxicity in older patients often appears due to inadvertent overdosage. Dual prescribing or additional use of nonprescription Salicylates are some causes of unwitting long term toxicity. According to some studies, systemic clearance of salicylate (mainly by hepatic metabolism) is reduced with age, as is renal elimination. These changes are of increased importance in the elderly using high therapeutic doses of Salicylates when metabolism is saturated and more unchanged drug is available for renal excretion. In the face of renal impairment, the risk of toxicity is increased. The diagnosis of acute salicylate intoxication generally does not pose diagnostic problems. Patients often present with a history of intentional overdose, with hyperventilation, fever, and nausea. The diagnosis can be confirmed by measuring serum salicylate concentrations. Chronic intoxication often poses a diagnostic dilemma with atypical presentations mimicking other disease states such as diabetic ketoacidosis, delirium, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction or cardiac failure. The diagnosis of salicylate intoxication should be borne in mind when an older patient presents with recent deterioration in acitivities of daily living with no known cause. Plasma salicylate concentrations should be measured if salicylate intoxication is suspected, even if there is no documented history of salicylate ingestion. The risk of salicylate nephrotoxicity is also increased with age, and upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage is associated with increased mortality in older age groups. Treatment of acute toxicity consists of prompt recognition of salicylate intoxication, use of activated charcoal, correction of acid-base abnormalities, general supportive measures, and if concentrations are extremely high, dialysis can be effectively used. Chronic toxicity, which can occur even with marginally high salicylate concentrations, is treated with drug withdrawal and supportive therapy. Chronic salicylate toxicity can be averted by prescription of conservative doses of drug, avoidance of concomitant use of different salicylate preparations, and therapeutic monitoring to guide dosage. Renal function should be monitored to detect nephrotoxicity from chronic salicylate therapy. Patients should be regularly screened for evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding. Use of aspirin and other NSAIDs should be avoided, if possible, in older patients with a history of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. If aspirin therapy is required, misoprostol prophylaxis can be employed.
