The Experts below are selected from a list of 1791 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Catherine Lippé - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isolation and characterization of 17 new microsatellite markers for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubroviolaceus and cross amplification in four other parrotfish species
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2007Co-Authors: David B. Carlon, Catherine LippéAbstract:We describe the isolation and characterization of 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubrioviolaceus. In a Hawaiian sample of 69 fish, we found between three and 20 alleles per locus, and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.283 to 0.896. Four of these loci consistently cross-amplified in the stareye parrotfish Calotomus carolinus, the spectacled parrotfish Chlorurus perspicillatus, the palenose parrotfish Scarus psittacus, and the bullethead parrotfish Chlorurus sordidus, but others gave mixed results. These loci will be useful for describing mating systems and population structure in marine species with broad dispersal potential that play key ecological roles in tropical environments.
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Isolation and characterization of 17 new microsatellite markers for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubroviolaceus, and cross‐amplification in four other parrotfish species
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2007Co-Authors: David B. Carlon, Catherine LippéAbstract:We describe the isolation and characterization of 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubrioviolaceus. In a Hawaiian sample of 69 fish, we found between three and 20 alleles per locus, and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.283 to 0.896. Four of these loci consistently cross-amplified in the stareye parrotfish Calotomus carolinus, the spectacled parrotfish Chlorurus perspicillatus, the palenose parrotfish Scarus psittacus, and the bullethead parrotfish Chlorurus sordidus, but others gave mixed results. These loci will be useful for describing mating systems and population structure in marine species with broad dispersal potential that play key ecological roles in tropical environments.
Deron E. Burkepile - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Species-specific patterns in corallivory and spongivory among Caribbean parrotfishes
Coral Reefs, 2019Co-Authors: Deron E. Burkepile, Thomas C. Adam, Madelyn Roycroft, Mark C. Ladd, Katrina S. Munsterman, Benjamin I. RuttenbergAbstract:Parrotfishes are key herbivores on Caribbean reefs but also feed on other benthic taxa such as corals and sponges. Here, we used in situ behavioral observations to show that Caribbean parrotfishes have species-specific feeding patterns of corallivory and spongivory. Overall, Scarus guacamaia , Scarus taeniopterus , and Sparisoma viride were the most frequent corallivores while Scarus coeruleus and Sparisoma chrysopterum never fed on corals. There were differences between the two genera in the corals targeted with Sparisoma parrotfishes preying on Colpophyllia natans and Orbicella faveolata more frequently while Scarus parrotfishes were more likely to prey on Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea . The most frequent spongivores were Sc. guacamaia , Sc. taeniopterus , Sparisoma aurofrenatum , and Sparisoma rubripinne . Scarus guacamaia fed across multiple sponge genera while other parrotfishes primarily fed on Agelas spp. sponges. Together, our data suggest that understanding patterns in corallivory and spongivory for Caribbean parrotfishes reveal other axes of functional diversification in these important herbivorous fishes.
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Feeding complementarity versus redundancy among herbivorous fishes on a Caribbean reef
Coral Reefs, 2011Co-Authors: Deron E. Burkepile, Mark E. HayAbstract:Herbivory is an important driver of community structure on coral reefs. Adequate understanding of herbivory will mandate better knowledge of how specific herbivores impact reef communities and the redundancy versus complementarity of their ecological roles. We used algal communities generated by herbivore manipulations to assess such roles among Caribbean herbivorous fishes. We created large enclosures on a 16- to 18-m-deep reef to create treatments grazed for 10 months by: (1) only Sparisoma aurofrenatum, (2) only Acanthurus bahianus, (3) no large herbivorous fishes, or (4) natural densities of all reef fishes. After 10 months, we removed cages and filmed how free-ranging reef fishes fed among these treatments that differed in algal community structure. In general, Acanthurus spp. and Scarus spp. rapidly grazed exclosure and Sparisoma-only treatments, while Sparisoma spp. preferentially grazed exclosure and Acanthurus-only treatments. These patterns suggest complementarity between Sparisoma spp. and both Acanthurus spp. and Scarus spp. but redundancy between Acanthurus spp. and Scarus spp. Despite these generalities, there was also within-genera variance in response to the different treatments. For example, large Scarus spp., such as Scarus guacamaia, fed more similarly to Sparisoma spp., particularly Sparisoma viride, than to other Scarus spp. Moreover, the three common Sparisoma species differed considerably in the macroalgae to which they exhibited positive or negative relationships. Thus, herbivorous reef fishes vary considerably in their response to different algal communities and exhibit complex patterns of compensatory feeding and functional redundancy that are poorly predicted by taxonomy alone.
Benjamin I. Ruttenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Species-specific patterns in corallivory and spongivory among Caribbean parrotfishes
Coral Reefs, 2019Co-Authors: Deron E. Burkepile, Thomas C. Adam, Madelyn Roycroft, Mark C. Ladd, Katrina S. Munsterman, Benjamin I. RuttenbergAbstract:Parrotfishes are key herbivores on Caribbean reefs but also feed on other benthic taxa such as corals and sponges. Here, we used in situ behavioral observations to show that Caribbean parrotfishes have species-specific feeding patterns of corallivory and spongivory. Overall, Scarus guacamaia , Scarus taeniopterus , and Sparisoma viride were the most frequent corallivores while Scarus coeruleus and Sparisoma chrysopterum never fed on corals. There were differences between the two genera in the corals targeted with Sparisoma parrotfishes preying on Colpophyllia natans and Orbicella faveolata more frequently while Scarus parrotfishes were more likely to prey on Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea . The most frequent spongivores were Sc. guacamaia , Sc. taeniopterus , Sparisoma aurofrenatum , and Sparisoma rubripinne . Scarus guacamaia fed across multiple sponge genera while other parrotfishes primarily fed on Agelas spp. sponges. Together, our data suggest that understanding patterns in corallivory and spongivory for Caribbean parrotfishes reveal other axes of functional diversification in these important herbivorous fishes.
David B. Carlon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isolation and characterization of 17 new microsatellite markers for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubroviolaceus and cross amplification in four other parrotfish species
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2007Co-Authors: David B. Carlon, Catherine LippéAbstract:We describe the isolation and characterization of 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubrioviolaceus. In a Hawaiian sample of 69 fish, we found between three and 20 alleles per locus, and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.283 to 0.896. Four of these loci consistently cross-amplified in the stareye parrotfish Calotomus carolinus, the spectacled parrotfish Chlorurus perspicillatus, the palenose parrotfish Scarus psittacus, and the bullethead parrotfish Chlorurus sordidus, but others gave mixed results. These loci will be useful for describing mating systems and population structure in marine species with broad dispersal potential that play key ecological roles in tropical environments.
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Isolation and characterization of 17 new microsatellite markers for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubroviolaceus, and cross‐amplification in four other parrotfish species
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2007Co-Authors: David B. Carlon, Catherine LippéAbstract:We describe the isolation and characterization of 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the ember parrotfish Scarus rubrioviolaceus. In a Hawaiian sample of 69 fish, we found between three and 20 alleles per locus, and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.283 to 0.896. Four of these loci consistently cross-amplified in the stareye parrotfish Calotomus carolinus, the spectacled parrotfish Chlorurus perspicillatus, the palenose parrotfish Scarus psittacus, and the bullethead parrotfish Chlorurus sordidus, but others gave mixed results. These loci will be useful for describing mating systems and population structure in marine species with broad dispersal potential that play key ecological roles in tropical environments.
Gisele Viana De Oliveira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hypertrophic versus non hypertrophic scars compared by immunohistochemistry and laser confocal microscopy type i and iii collagens
International Wound Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Ann S Burke, Andre Tavares, Marcia Ramosesilva, Gisele Viana De Oliveira, Hal K Hawkins, David L Chinkes, Thomas AlbrechtAbstract:Although dermal collagens appear increased in hypertrophic scars, this was not tested in tissue samples using objective methods. We compared the expression of types I and III collagen in hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic scars, at 6–12 and 18–24 months after burn using a quantitative method. Among 17 patients with extensive burns, 3 patients had acute scars, 8 had hypertrophic or non-hypertrophic scars at 6–12 months after burn, and 6 had hypertrophic or non-hypertrophic scars at 18–24 months after burn. After clinical assessment of scars using the Vancouver Scale, immunohistochemistry for types I and III collagens was performed. Images were captured with a laser scanning confocal microscope and the relative amounts of types I and III collagens were determined in superficial and deep dermis. The effects of time and scar type were assessed using two way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Collagen III scar/normal ratios were higher in hypertrophic scars at both time points (p=0.05). There were no differences in collagen I scar/normal ratios. Large variation was observed in scars during the acute phase regarding the expression of collagens. Easily accessed by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, type III collagen deposition may help in determining scar phenotype, differentiating hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic scars.
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objective assessment of burn scar vascularity erythema pliability thickness and planimetry
Dermatologic Surgery, 2005Co-Authors: Gisele Viana De Oliveira, Hal K Hawkins, David L Chinkes, Charles Mitchell, Gloria Oliveras, David N HerndonAbstract:Background There is currently a lack of objective methods to assess scars. Objectives The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the pattern of scar formation up to 24 months after a burn, compare clinical and photographic scar assessment, and determine what percentage of scars became hypertrophic after a major trauma and (2) replace each clinical parameter of a clinical scar scale by objective measurements. Methods Scars from 62 patients were evaluated from the acute phase up to 24 months after the burn, using photographs and clinical assessment during visits. Photographic planimetry helped estimate the percentage of scars that became hypertrophic. Thereafter, 69 patients had scars evaluated using clinical assessment and several instruments to evaluate pigmentation, erythema, pliability, thickness, and perfusion. The sensitivity and specificity of each instrument were determined regarding their ability to correlate with the parameters of hypertrophic and nonhypertrophic scars. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used in statistical analysis, with p < .05 indicating significance. Results Increased scar hypertrophy occurred between 6 and 12 months after the burn, and less than 30% of scars were hypertrophic at 18 to 24 months. Objective assessment of pliability and erythema, but not pigmentation, correlated significantly with clinical evaluation of hypertrophy. Hypertrophic scars had significantly higher perfusion than nonhypertrophic scars. A new scar rating system is proposed, based on the sensitivity and specificity of each instrument, to correlate with hypertrophic and nonhypertrophic scars. Conclusions Objective rating systems using reliable instruments can be used to replace subjective scar assessment. Larger multicenter prospective studies should test this new scale in scars due to other mechanisms of injury. GISELE V. OLIVEIRA, MD, MSC, DAVID CHINKES, PHD, CHARLES MITCHELL, RN, GLORIA OLIVERAS, MS, HAL K. HAWKINS, MD, PHD, AND DAVID N. HERNDON, MD, HAVE INDICATED NO SIGNIFICANT INTEREST WITH COMMERCIAL SUPPORTERS.
