The Experts below are selected from a list of 25884 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jing Rao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • From a virtuous cycle of rural-urban education to urban-oriented rural basic education in China: An explanation of the failure of China’s Rural School Mapping Adjustment policy
    Journal of Rural Studies, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jing Rao
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper explores the historical transformation of the rural education system and the Mapping of rural Schools in ancient, modern and contemporary China to explain the problems of the Rural School Mapping Adjustment (RSMA) policy. The value and purpose of the rural basic education system and School Mapping adjustment are “urban priority and urban oriented”, which is the fundamental reason for the failure of the RSMA. A diachronic study of the history of China’s urban-rural relationship indicates that the relationship of traditional China’s urban-rural education was a virtuous cycle in which the city and the countryside were completely equal and reinforced each other. The promotion of modern education in the late Qing Dynasty severely undermined that virtuous cycle, leading to an urban-oriented rural education and the destruction of traditional values and a loss of the traditional ways of teaching. Although China has attempted to reduce the disparity between cities and the countryside by increasing the public financial investment in rural basic education after achieving a universal basic education, our case study in a village in North China demonstrates that the urban-oriented School Mapping adjustment takes a toll on the rural area and exacerbates the problem of educational inequality, which actually increases the gap between urban and rural areas and between the rich and the poor. The conclusion is reached that the Chinese government should strive to develop a rural-oriented and rights-based rural basic education system and School Mapping adjustment.

Bruno Parolin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Merged or Unmerged School? School Preferences in the Context of School Mapping Restructure in Rural China
    The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 2013
    Co-Authors: Dan Zhao, Bruno Parolin
    Abstract:

    Although the School Mapping restructure (SMR) program in rural China mainly aims to improve the efficiency of education, this paper aims to show that the principle of educational equity should be given more attention, as evidence suggests that some children lose the opportunity to learn at a local village and rural families have different preferences regarding merged and unmerged Schools. The study on which this paper is based aims to understand the family School choice preferences under SMR, through a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. Participating in the study were 10,000 parents whose children were in merged and unmerged primary Schools (a total of 986 Schools), from 178 towns in 38 counties of six provinces in mid-western China. Data were collected mainly by questionnaires and analyzed by a binary logistic regression model as a tool to estimate School preference probabilities. The study finds that in the context of SMR, several related factors impact the willingness of families to choose certain Schools for their children. Although many merged Schools have better facilities and more qualified teachers, a number of families still prefer unmerged Schools for their children due to shorter commuting distances and smaller School sizes, factors which offer improved School accessibility. This study also reveals that other related factors including parents’ education, economic condition, etc., are strong influencers of family Schooling preferences. Based on the results, the policy implications are that integration of both points of efficiency and equity of education when enacting SMR should be considered.

  • School Mapping restructure in rural China: achievements, problems and implications
    Asia Pacific Education Review, 2012
    Co-Authors: Dan Zhao, Bruno Parolin
    Abstract:

    This study considers the experience of School Mapping restructure (SMR) in areas of rural China. It aims to understand what happened after SMR implementation. Through a combination of instruments such as questionnaires, interviews and document analysis, the study finds that SMR has impacted positively on the development of education in terms of generating scaling benefits, improved School conditions and educational quality, and more equitable distribution of educational resources. However, there remain several associated problems including longer Schooling commute, household financial restrictions and student pressures, and increased teacher work-loads. The study recommends that more structured plans should be developed. Increased stakeholder participation should be enabled, and by providing increased teaching resources to rural Schools, implementation should be improved.

  • School Mapping Restructure in China: What role for the small rural School?
    Frontiers of Education in China, 2011
    Co-Authors: Zhao Dan, Bruno Parolin
    Abstract:

    Despite significant progress over the past fifteen years associated with School Mapping Restructure (SMR) in Chinese rural Schools, many small Schools have been closed or have merged with larger primary Schools. This has resulted, among other things, in difficulties for many students in rural areas who now have to travel longer distances to a central (primary) School and whose families generally have to bear greater expenses for Schooling. This paper examines the role of small rural Schools in the Chinese education system, looks at the context and impacts of SMR on these Schools in terms of quality, cost and access indicators, and highlights some of the key difficulties faced by these Schools in the restructured education system. We argue that small rural Schools have a significant role to play in delivering education services in rural China and should therefore be retained, supported and equipped with the right levels of facilities and quality services for them to fulfill their role. The policy implications of these findings for education officials are discussed in the context of continuing SMR.

Dan Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The increasingly long road to School in rural China: the impacts of education network consolidation on broadly defined Schooling distance in Xinfeng County of rural China
    Asia Pacific Education Review, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dan Zhao, Bilal Barakat
    Abstract:

    In the early 2000s, China’s Ministry of Education embarked on a program of School Mapping restructure (SMR) that involved closing small rural Schools and opening up larger centralized Schools in towns and county seats.The stated aim of the policy was to improve educational resources and raise the human capital of rural students. Any progress that may have been achieved along these dimensions comes at a price, namely that many children lost the opportunity to learn in their own village Schools. This study aims to understand the impact of SMR on the distance rural children are from Schooling, in terms of physical, temporal and social measures. A particular focus rests on differential impact by child and family characteristics including socioeconomic status. The data are drawn from a combination of questionnaires, interviews and document analysis, collected in a rural mountainous area, specifically Xinfeng County in Guangdong Province located in the south of China. The authors analyze these data using geographical information systems, regression and classification tree analysis to estimate increased distance and travel time for students affected by SMR, in the context of an analysis of boarding versus commuting decisions and the choice of transportation mode by economic status. This study finds that, the physical distance increased by an average of about 8.3 miles through SMR, but through the increased tendency to board, the effect on average weekly travel distance was neutral; the average travel time increased by around 75 min for those students affected by SMR; even for children more likely to be boarding, the average increase in weekly travel time was estimated at over 2 h, specifically 130 min; social distance increased also; as students were moved from a tightly-knit community School to a somewhat more anonymous institution, this deterioration affected students who were previously “privileged” in this particular respect, and they are not at a disadvantage relative to their peers at their new School. In addition, the study uncovers nuanced effects of SMR on School travel behavior and calls into question that some behavioral assumptions implicit in the planning process. Policy implications of these findings are discussed, with specific reference to China’s current initiative of “balanced development” in the education sector.

  • Merged or Unmerged School? School Preferences in the Context of School Mapping Restructure in Rural China
    The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 2013
    Co-Authors: Dan Zhao, Bruno Parolin
    Abstract:

    Although the School Mapping restructure (SMR) program in rural China mainly aims to improve the efficiency of education, this paper aims to show that the principle of educational equity should be given more attention, as evidence suggests that some children lose the opportunity to learn at a local village and rural families have different preferences regarding merged and unmerged Schools. The study on which this paper is based aims to understand the family School choice preferences under SMR, through a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. Participating in the study were 10,000 parents whose children were in merged and unmerged primary Schools (a total of 986 Schools), from 178 towns in 38 counties of six provinces in mid-western China. Data were collected mainly by questionnaires and analyzed by a binary logistic regression model as a tool to estimate School preference probabilities. The study finds that in the context of SMR, several related factors impact the willingness of families to choose certain Schools for their children. Although many merged Schools have better facilities and more qualified teachers, a number of families still prefer unmerged Schools for their children due to shorter commuting distances and smaller School sizes, factors which offer improved School accessibility. This study also reveals that other related factors including parents’ education, economic condition, etc., are strong influencers of family Schooling preferences. Based on the results, the policy implications are that integration of both points of efficiency and equity of education when enacting SMR should be considered.

  • School Mapping restructure in rural China: achievements, problems and implications
    Asia Pacific Education Review, 2012
    Co-Authors: Dan Zhao, Bruno Parolin
    Abstract:

    This study considers the experience of School Mapping restructure (SMR) in areas of rural China. It aims to understand what happened after SMR implementation. Through a combination of instruments such as questionnaires, interviews and document analysis, the study finds that SMR has impacted positively on the development of education in terms of generating scaling benefits, improved School conditions and educational quality, and more equitable distribution of educational resources. However, there remain several associated problems including longer Schooling commute, household financial restrictions and student pressures, and increased teacher work-loads. The study recommends that more structured plans should be developed. Increased stakeholder participation should be enabled, and by providing increased teaching resources to rural Schools, implementation should be improved.

Mastura Khalid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Environmental Mapping Framework and Childhood Obesity in Selangor, Malaysia
    Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hayati Adilin Mohd Abd Majid, Ajau Danis, Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni, Mastura Khalid
    Abstract:

    The Schools environment might be one of the factors that contribute to childhood obesity since children spent most of their time at School. This study aimed to identify the compliance of selected Schools in Selangor, Malaysia with whole-School Mapping framework and prevalence of obesity among primary School children in rural and urban environmental settings. A total of 1200 children aged 10-11 years from 60 Schools in rural and urban area in Selangor involved in this study and their BMI was calculated. The compliance of each School environmental factors was determined by using whole-School environmental Mapping framework's questionnaires. © 2016 The Authors. Published by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keywords : Childhood obesity; whole-School environmental Mapping; BMI status; rural and urban settings

  • “Whole School Environmental Mapping Framework and Observation” in Preventing Childhood Obesity
    Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Hayati Adilin Mohd Abd Majid, Ajau Danis, Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni, Mastura Khalid
    Abstract:

    Abstract The School environment is one of the many factors related to the increment of overweight and obesity among children by influencing the eating pattern and physical activity level. This study examines the School environmental factors by identifying the compliance of rural and urban School environment (physical, economic, political and socio-cultural) with whole-School environmental Mapping framework. A total of 60 Schools were randomly selected, and teachers have been interviewed face to face by using a whole School Mapping questionnaire and observation of the School environment. Schools that obtain more than 60% score are considered comply with “whole School environmental Mapping”.

Ferdi Chahyadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PEMETAAN SEKOLAH BERBASIS WEB DI KOTA TANJUNGPINANG
    2020
    Co-Authors: Vanna Poibe Situmeang, Eka Suswaini, Ferdi Chahyadi
    Abstract:

    Development and use and spatial progress very quickly. This relates to the widespread use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the development of technology in obtaining, recording and collecting. Tanjung Pinang city is a reference in the development of various sectors including education. The role of the education office is to provide services to the community about School information. From the results of making a web-based Geographic Information System School Mapping in Tanjung Pinang can help the education office to collect School information in the city of Tanjung Pinang. This Geographical Information System will later become a means for education offices, Schools and the wider community who want information related to Schools. This web-based Geographic information system uses the Js Leaflet for map making to facilitate the collection of data from Schools in Tanjung Pinang. The web-based Geographic Information System for Mapping Schools has been tested using the blackbox method which shows that this system can work well. This shows that the geographic information system for Mapping the web-based School in Tanjung Pinang is working properly.