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Dawn R Comstock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rates and patterns of lower extremity Sports injuries in all gender comparable us high School Sports
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Julia Brant, Dawn R Comstock, Bernadette K Johnson, Lina Brou, Tien VuAbstract:Background:High School athletes with lower extremity Sports injuries (LESIs) frequently present to the emergency department in the United States. Previous epidemiological studies have presented rat...
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timing of lower extremity injuries in competition and practice in high School Sports
Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, 2017Co-Authors: Dawn R Comstock, Kyle Nagle, Bernadette K Johnson, Lina Brou, Tyler Landman, Ada SochanskaAbstract:Background:Laboratory-based experiments demonstrate that fatigue may contribute to lower extremity injury (LEI). Few studies have examined the timing of LEIs during competition and practice, specif...
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epidemiology of overuse injuries in collegiate and high School athletics in the united states
American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Karen G Roos, Zachary Y Kerr, Stephen W Marshall, Yvonne M Golightly, Kristen L Kucera, Joseph B Myers, Wayne D Rosamond, Dawn R ComstockAbstract:Background:Overuse injuries result from microtrauma due to repetitive loading combined with insufficient tissue recovery time and can result in both immediate and long-term time loss from Sports.Hypothesis:Overuse injury rates and patterns differ across college and high School populations, sport, and sex.Study Design:Descriptive epidemiology study.Methods:Surveillance data for 16 Sports from the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Injury Surveillance System (NCAA ISS; 2004-2005 through 2008-2009) and 14 Sports from High School Reporting Information Online (High School RIO; 2006-2007 through 2012-2013) were analyzed. All reported injuries had an injury mechanism of overuse/gradual onset (college) or overuse/chronic (high School). Overuse injury incidence rates were calculated, and rate ratios with 95% CIs were used to compare subgroups.Results:The rate of overuse injury was 3.28 times higher in college than high School Sports (95% CI, 3.12-3.44). The rate of overuse injury among sex-comparable sport...
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neck strength a protective factor reducing risk for concussion in high School Sports
The Journal of Primary Prevention, 2014Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Dawn R Comstock, Sarah K Fields, Erica N Fletcher, Lisa Kluchurosky, Mary Kay Rohrkemper, Robert C CantuAbstract:As the number of high School students participating in athletics continues to increase, so will the number of Sports-related concussions unless effective concussion prevention programs are developed. We sought to develop and validate a cost-effective tool to measure neck strength in a high School setting, conduct a feasibility study to determine if the developed tool could be reliably applied by certified athletic trainers (ATs) in a high School setting, and conduct a pilot study to determine if anthropometric measurements captured by ATs can predict concussion risk. In the study’s first phase, 16 adult subjects underwent repeated neck strength testing by a group of five ATs to validate the developed hand-held tension scale, a cost effective alternative to a hand-held dynamometer. In the second phase, during the 2010 and 2011 academic years, ATs from 51 high Schools in 25 states captured pre-season anthropometric measurements for 6,704 high School athletes in boys’ and girls’ soccer, basketball, and lacrosse, as well as reported concussion incidence and athletic exposure data. We found high correlations between neck strength measurements taken with the developed tool and a hand-held dynamometer and the measurements taken by five ATs. Smaller mean neck circumference, smaller mean neck to head circumference ratio, and weaker mean overall neck strength were significantly associated with concussion. Overall neck strength (p < 0.001), gender (p < 0.001), and sport (p = 0.007) were significant predictors of concussions in unadjusted models. After adjusting for gender and sport, overall neck strength remained a significant predictor of concussion (p = 0.004). For every one pound increase in neck strength, odds of concussion decreased by 5 % (OR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.92–0.98). We conclude that identifying differences in overall neck strength may be useful in developing a screening tool to determine which high School athletes are at higher risk of concussion. Once identified, these athletes could be targeted for concussion prevention programs.
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epidemiology of us high School Sports related ligamentous ankle injuries 2005 06 2010 11
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: David M Swenson, Christy L Collins, Sarah K Fields, Dawn R ComstockAbstract:OBJECTIVE:: Describe ankle injury epidemiology among US high School athletes in 20 Sports. DESIGN:: Descriptive prospective epidemiology study. SETTING:: Sports injury data for the 2005/06 to 2010/11 academic years were collected using an internet-based injury surveillance system, Reporting Information Online. PARTICIPANTS:: A nationwide convenience sample of US high Schools. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS:: Injuries sustained as a function of sport and gender. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Ankle sprain rates and patterns, outcomes, and mechanisms. RESULTS:: From 2005/06 to 2010/11, certified athletic trainers reported 5373 ankle sprains in 17 172 376 athlete exposures (AEs), for a rate of 3.13 ankle sprains per 10 000 AEs. Rates were higher for girls than for boys (rate ratio [RR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-1.34) in gender-comparable Sports and higher in competition than practice for boys (RR 3.42, 95% CI 3.20-3.66) and girls (RR 2.71, 95% CI 2.48-2.95). The anterior talofibular ligament was most commonly injured (involved in 85.3% of sprains). Overall, 49.7% of sprains resulted in loss of participation from 1 to 6 days. Although 0.5% of all ankle sprains required surgery, 6.6% of those involving the deltoid ligament also required surgery. The athletes were wearing ankle braces in 10.6% of all the sprains. The most common injury mechanism was contact with another person (42.4% of all ankle sprains). CONCLUSIONS:: Ankle sprains are a serious problem in high School Sports, with high rates of recurrent injury and loss of participation from sport. Language: en
Zachary Y Kerr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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concussion incidence and trends in 20 high School Sports
Pediatrics, 2019Co-Authors: Zachary Y Kerr, Aliza K Nedimyer, Alan Arakkal, Lauren A Pierpoint, Avinash Chandran, Scott L ZuckermanAbstract:BACKGROUND: Ongoing monitoring of concussion rates and distributions is important in assessing temporal patterns. Examinations of high School sport-related concussions need to be updated. This study describes the epidemiology of concussions in 20 high School Sports during the 2013–2014 to 2017–2018 School years. METHODS: In this descriptive epidemiology study, a convenience sample of high School athletic trainers provided injury and athlete exposure (AE) data to the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study (High School Reporting Information Online). Concussion rates per 10 000 AEs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and distributions were calculated. Injury rate ratios and injury proportion ratios examined sex differences in sex-comparable Sports (soccer, basketball, baseball and softball, cross country, track, and swimming). We also assessed temporal trends across the study period. RESULTS: Overall, 9542 concussions were reported for an overall rate of 4.17 per 10 000 AEs (95% CI: 4.09 to 4.26). Football had the highest concussion rate (10.40 per 10 000 AEs). Across the study period, football competition-related concussion rates increased (33.19 to 39.07 per 10 000 AEs); practice-related concussion rates decreased (5.47 to 4.44 per 10 000 AEs). In all Sports, recurrent concussion rates decreased (0.47 to 0.28 per 10 000 AEs). Among sex-comparable Sports, concussion rates were higher in girls than in boys (3.35 vs 1.51 per 10 000 AEs; injury rate ratio = 2.22; 95% CI: 2.07 to 2.39). Also, among sex-comparable Sports, girls had larger proportions of concussions that were recurrent than boys did (9.3% vs 6.4%; injury proportion ratio = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.88). CONCLUSIONS: Rates of football practice-related concussions and recurrent concussions across all Sports decreased. Changes in concussion rates may be associated with changes in concussion incidence, diagnosis, and management. Future research should continue to monitor trends and examine the effect of prevention strategies.
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the socioecological framework a multifaceted approach to preventing sport related deaths in high School Sports
Journal of Athletic Training, 2019Co-Authors: Samantha E Scarneo, Zachary Y Kerr, Emily Kroshus, Johna K Registermihalik, Yuri Hosokawa, Rebecca L Stearns, Lindsay J Distefano, Douglas J CasaAbstract:The socioecological framework is a multilevel conceptualization of health that includes intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, environmental, and public policy factors. The socioecological f...
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an 11 year analysis of peripheral nerve injuries in high School Sports
The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2019Co-Authors: Scott L Zuckerman, Lauren A Pierpoint, Zachary Y Kerr, Paul Kirby, Khoi D Than, Thomas J WilsonAbstract:Introduction: Sports surveillance databases provide valuable information regarding common ailments, yet fewer studies have focused on more rare peripheral nerve injuries. Our objective was to chara...
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An 11-year analysis of peripheral nerve injuries in high School Sports
2018Co-Authors: Scott L Zuckerman, Lauren A Pierpoint, Zachary Y Kerr, Paul Kirby, Khoi D Than, Thomas J WilsonAbstract:Introduction: Sports surveillance databases provide valuable information regarding common ailments, yet fewer studies have focused on more rare peripheral nerve injuries. Our objective was to characterize peripheral nerve injuries in high School athletics with respect to incidence, time loss, mechanism, and diagnoses. Methods: Sport-related nerve injury data on high School athletes were collected during the 2005/2006 through 2015/2016 academic years via the High School Reporting Information Online (RIO) database. All injuries were reported by certified athletic trainers (ATs). Descriptive statistics were performed. Results: A total of 588 peripheral nerve injuries were recorded during the 2005/06–2015/16 academic years, with an overall incidence of 1.46/100,000 athlete-exposures (AE; 95%CI: 1.34, 1.58). Boys’ football had the majority of injuries (71.3%) and the highest injury rate (5.46/100,000AE; 95%CI: 4.93, 5.98), followed by boys’ wrestling (7.1%) and boys’ baseball (3.4%). Over half (50.3%) of peripheral nerve injuries resulted in time loss
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rankings of high School Sports injury rates differ based on time loss assessments
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Zachary Y Kerr, Karen G Roos, Thomas P Dompier, Aristarque Djoko, Stephen W MarshallAbstract:Objective:To examine how injury definition inclusiveness affects the rank order of injury rates in 27 high School (HS) Sports.Design:The National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION) used certified athletic trainers (ATs) to collect injury and athlete-exposure (AE) data in practi
Christy L Collins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an epidemiologic comparison of acute and overuse injuries in high School Sports
Injury Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Erin E Ritzer, Jingzhen Yang, Sandhya Kistamgari, Gary A SmithAbstract:BACKGROUND Acute and overuse injuries affect millions of high School athletes annually and a better understanding of differences between these injuries is needed to help guide prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies. This study compares acute and overuse injuries using a nationally representative sample of high School athletes. METHODS Injuries among United States high School athletes participating in 5 boys' Sports (football, soccer, basketball, wrestling, baseball) and 4 girls' Sports (soccer, volleyball, basketball, softball) reported in the High School RIO™ surveillance system during the 2006-07 through 2018-19 School years were classified as acute or overuse. National estimates and injury rates were calculated. RESULTS Of 17 434 646 estimated injuries, 92.0 % were acute and 8.0 % were overuse. The acute injury rate was higher than the overuse injury rate among both male (Rate Ratio [RR] 16.38, 95 % CI: 15.70-17.10) and female (RR 8.14, 95 % CI: 7.71-8.60) athletes. The overuse injury rate per 10,000 athlete exposures among female athletes (1.8) was slightly higher than among males (1.4). The rate of acute injury compared with the rate of overuse injury was higher during competition (RR 32.00, 95 % CI: 29.93-34.22) than practice (RR 7.19, 95 % CI: 6.91-7.47). Boys' football contributed the most acute (42.1 %) and overuse (23.7 %) injuries among the 9 Sports. Among female Sports, girls' soccer contributed the most acute (15.6 % of all acute injuries) and overuse (19.4 % of all overuse injuries) injuries. The lower extremity was most commonly injured in acute (48.9 %) and overuse (65.9 %) injuries. Ligament sprain (31.7 %) and concussion (21.0 %) were the most common acute injury diagnoses, while muscle strain (23.3 %) and tendonitis (23.2 %) were the most common overuse injury diagnoses. Compared with acute injuries, overuse injuries were more likely to result in time loss from Sports participation of < 1 week among both boys and girls and across most Sports. Acute injuries were more likely than overuse injuries to cause a time loss of 1-3 weeks or medical disqualification from Sports participation. CONCLUSIONS Acute and overuse injuries display many differences that provide opportunities for data-informed athlete preparation, treatment, and rehabilitation, which may reduce injuries and improve injury outcomes in high School athletics.
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neck strength a protective factor reducing risk for concussion in high School Sports
The Journal of Primary Prevention, 2014Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Dawn R Comstock, Sarah K Fields, Erica N Fletcher, Lisa Kluchurosky, Mary Kay Rohrkemper, Robert C CantuAbstract:As the number of high School students participating in athletics continues to increase, so will the number of Sports-related concussions unless effective concussion prevention programs are developed. We sought to develop and validate a cost-effective tool to measure neck strength in a high School setting, conduct a feasibility study to determine if the developed tool could be reliably applied by certified athletic trainers (ATs) in a high School setting, and conduct a pilot study to determine if anthropometric measurements captured by ATs can predict concussion risk. In the study’s first phase, 16 adult subjects underwent repeated neck strength testing by a group of five ATs to validate the developed hand-held tension scale, a cost effective alternative to a hand-held dynamometer. In the second phase, during the 2010 and 2011 academic years, ATs from 51 high Schools in 25 states captured pre-season anthropometric measurements for 6,704 high School athletes in boys’ and girls’ soccer, basketball, and lacrosse, as well as reported concussion incidence and athletic exposure data. We found high correlations between neck strength measurements taken with the developed tool and a hand-held dynamometer and the measurements taken by five ATs. Smaller mean neck circumference, smaller mean neck to head circumference ratio, and weaker mean overall neck strength were significantly associated with concussion. Overall neck strength (p < 0.001), gender (p < 0.001), and sport (p = 0.007) were significant predictors of concussions in unadjusted models. After adjusting for gender and sport, overall neck strength remained a significant predictor of concussion (p = 0.004). For every one pound increase in neck strength, odds of concussion decreased by 5 % (OR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.92–0.98). We conclude that identifying differences in overall neck strength may be useful in developing a screening tool to determine which high School athletes are at higher risk of concussion. Once identified, these athletes could be targeted for concussion prevention programs.
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epidemiology of us high School Sports related ligamentous ankle injuries 2005 06 2010 11
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: David M Swenson, Christy L Collins, Sarah K Fields, Dawn R ComstockAbstract:OBJECTIVE:: Describe ankle injury epidemiology among US high School athletes in 20 Sports. DESIGN:: Descriptive prospective epidemiology study. SETTING:: Sports injury data for the 2005/06 to 2010/11 academic years were collected using an internet-based injury surveillance system, Reporting Information Online. PARTICIPANTS:: A nationwide convenience sample of US high Schools. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS:: Injuries sustained as a function of sport and gender. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Ankle sprain rates and patterns, outcomes, and mechanisms. RESULTS:: From 2005/06 to 2010/11, certified athletic trainers reported 5373 ankle sprains in 17 172 376 athlete exposures (AEs), for a rate of 3.13 ankle sprains per 10 000 AEs. Rates were higher for girls than for boys (rate ratio [RR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-1.34) in gender-comparable Sports and higher in competition than practice for boys (RR 3.42, 95% CI 3.20-3.66) and girls (RR 2.71, 95% CI 2.48-2.95). The anterior talofibular ligament was most commonly injured (involved in 85.3% of sprains). Overall, 49.7% of sprains resulted in loss of participation from 1 to 6 days. Although 0.5% of all ankle sprains required surgery, 6.6% of those involving the deltoid ligament also required surgery. The athletes were wearing ankle braces in 10.6% of all the sprains. The most common injury mechanism was contact with another person (42.4% of all ankle sprains). CONCLUSIONS:: Ankle sprains are a serious problem in high School Sports, with high rates of recurrent injury and loss of participation from sport. Language: en
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epidemiology of united states high School Sports related fractures 2008 09 to 2010 11
American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Dawn R Comstock, David M Swenson, Natalie M Henke, Sarah K FieldsAbstract:Background:High School athletes sustain millions of injuries annually, many of which are fractures. Fractures can severely affect athletes physically, emotionally, and financially and should be targeted with focused prevention methods.Hypothesis:Patterns and primary mechanisms of fractures differ by sport and gender.Study Design:Descriptive epidemiology study.Methods:High School Sports-related injury data were collected from academic years 2008-09 to 2010-11 for 18 Sports and from 2009-10 to 2010-11 for 2 additional Sports. We used linear regression to describe annual fracture rate trends and calculated fractures rates, rate ratios (RRs), and injury proportion ratios (IPRs).Results:From 2008-09 to 2010-11, certified athletic trainers reported a total of 21,251 injuries during 11,544,455 athlete exposures (AEs), of which 2103 (9.9%) were fractures, with an overall rate of 1.82 fractures per 10,000 AEs. Fracture rates were highest in football (4.37 per 10,000 AE), boys’ ice hockey (3.08), and boys’ lacrosse...
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epidemiology of us high School Sports related fractures 2005 2009
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: David M Swenson, Ellen E Yard, Christy L Collins, Sarah K Fields, Dawn R ComstockAbstract:OBJECTIVE:: To describe the epidemiology of fractures among US high School athletes participating in 9 popular Sports. DESIGN:: Descriptive epidemiologic study. SETTING:: Sports injury data for the 2005-2009 academic years were collected using an Internet-based injury surveillance system, Reporting Information Online (RIO). PARTICIPANTS:: A nationally representative sample of 100 US high Schools. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS:: Injuries sustained as a function of sport and sex. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Fracture injury rates, body site, outcome, surgery, and mechanism. RESULTS:: Fractures (n = 568 177 nationally) accounted for 10.1% of all injuries sustained by US high School athletes. The highest rate of fractures was in football (4.61 per 10 000 athlete exposures) and the lowest in volleyball (0.52). Boys were more likely than girls to sustain a fracture in basketball (rate ratio, 1.35,; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.72) and soccer (rate ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.71). Overall, the most frequently fractured body sites were the hand/finger (28.3%), wrist (10.4%), and lower leg (9.3%). Fractures were the most common injury to the nose (76.9%), forearm (56.4%), hand/finger (41.7%), and wrist (41.6%). Most fractures resulted in >3 weeks' time lost (34.3%) or a medical disqualification from participation (24.2%) and were more likely to result in >3 weeks' time lost and medical disqualification than all other injuries combined. Fractures frequently required expensive medical diagnostic imaging examinations such as x-ray, computed tomographic scan, and magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, 16.1% of fractures required surgical treatment, accounting for 26.9% of all injuries requiring surgery. Illegal activity was noted in 9.3% of all fractures with the highest proportion of fractures related to illegal activity in girls' soccer (27.9%). CONCLUSIONS:: Fractures are a major concern for US high School athletes. They can severely affect the athlete's ability to continue Sports participation and can impose substantial medical costs on the injured athletes' families. Targeted, evidence-based, effective fracture prevention programs are needed. Language: en
Timothy F Olderr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high School Sports injuries a longitudinal study at punahou School 1988 to 1996
American Journal of Sports Medicine, 1997Co-Authors: Glenn Beachy, Cedric K Akau, Matthew Martinson, Timothy F OlderrAbstract:We conducted an 8-year, prospective, longitudinal study of athletic injuries occurring to students in grades 7 to 12 at a private School in Honolulu. All injuries were evaluated by the same personnel. A total of 14,318 athletes participated in 32 Sports; multisport athletes were counted once per sport. Every time an athlete sought medical help it was considered a reportable injury. The five injury classifications were 1) minor, no time lost; 2) mild, 1 to 7 days lost; 3) moderate, 8 to 21 days lost; 4) severe, 22 or more days lost; and 5) catastrophic, permanent disability or death. Athletes reported 11,184 injuries, with 3965 (35%) day-lost in juries (a minimum of 1 day lost from activity). Football resulted in the highest injury rate for male athletes. Soccer resulted in the highest injury rate for female athletes. With the football and wrestling data removed, there was no significant difference between the rate of injury for boys (0.58 injuries per athlete and 0.21 day- lost injuries per athlete) and g...
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high School Sports injuries a longitudinal study at punahou School 1988 to 1996
American Journal of Sports Medicine, 1997Co-Authors: Glenn Beachy, Cedric K Akau, Matthew Martinson, Timothy F OlderrAbstract:We conducted an 8-year, prospective, longitudinal study of athletic injuries occurring to students in grades 7 to 12 at a private School in Honolulu. All injuries were evaluated by the same personnel. A total of 14,318 athletes participated in 32 Sports; multisport athletes were counted once per sport. Every time an athlete sought medical help it was considered a reportable injury. The five injury classifications were 1) minor, no time lost; 2) mild, 1 to 7 days lost; 3) moderate, 8 to 21 days lost; 4) severe, 22 or more days lost; and 5) catastrophic, permanent disability or death. Athletes reported 11,184 injuries, with 3965 (35%) day-lost injuries (a minimum of 1 day lost from activity). Football resulted in the highest injury rate for male athletes. Soccer resulted in the highest injury rate for female athletes. With the football and wrestling data removed, there was no significant difference between the rate of injury for boys (0.58 injuries per athlete and 0.21 day-lost injuries per athlete) and girls (0.64 injuries per athlete and 0.21 day-lost injuries per athlete).
Sarah K Fields - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neck strength a protective factor reducing risk for concussion in high School Sports
The Journal of Primary Prevention, 2014Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Dawn R Comstock, Sarah K Fields, Erica N Fletcher, Lisa Kluchurosky, Mary Kay Rohrkemper, Robert C CantuAbstract:As the number of high School students participating in athletics continues to increase, so will the number of Sports-related concussions unless effective concussion prevention programs are developed. We sought to develop and validate a cost-effective tool to measure neck strength in a high School setting, conduct a feasibility study to determine if the developed tool could be reliably applied by certified athletic trainers (ATs) in a high School setting, and conduct a pilot study to determine if anthropometric measurements captured by ATs can predict concussion risk. In the study’s first phase, 16 adult subjects underwent repeated neck strength testing by a group of five ATs to validate the developed hand-held tension scale, a cost effective alternative to a hand-held dynamometer. In the second phase, during the 2010 and 2011 academic years, ATs from 51 high Schools in 25 states captured pre-season anthropometric measurements for 6,704 high School athletes in boys’ and girls’ soccer, basketball, and lacrosse, as well as reported concussion incidence and athletic exposure data. We found high correlations between neck strength measurements taken with the developed tool and a hand-held dynamometer and the measurements taken by five ATs. Smaller mean neck circumference, smaller mean neck to head circumference ratio, and weaker mean overall neck strength were significantly associated with concussion. Overall neck strength (p < 0.001), gender (p < 0.001), and sport (p = 0.007) were significant predictors of concussions in unadjusted models. After adjusting for gender and sport, overall neck strength remained a significant predictor of concussion (p = 0.004). For every one pound increase in neck strength, odds of concussion decreased by 5 % (OR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.92–0.98). We conclude that identifying differences in overall neck strength may be useful in developing a screening tool to determine which high School athletes are at higher risk of concussion. Once identified, these athletes could be targeted for concussion prevention programs.
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epidemiology of us high School Sports related ligamentous ankle injuries 2005 06 2010 11
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: David M Swenson, Christy L Collins, Sarah K Fields, Dawn R ComstockAbstract:OBJECTIVE:: Describe ankle injury epidemiology among US high School athletes in 20 Sports. DESIGN:: Descriptive prospective epidemiology study. SETTING:: Sports injury data for the 2005/06 to 2010/11 academic years were collected using an internet-based injury surveillance system, Reporting Information Online. PARTICIPANTS:: A nationwide convenience sample of US high Schools. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS:: Injuries sustained as a function of sport and gender. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Ankle sprain rates and patterns, outcomes, and mechanisms. RESULTS:: From 2005/06 to 2010/11, certified athletic trainers reported 5373 ankle sprains in 17 172 376 athlete exposures (AEs), for a rate of 3.13 ankle sprains per 10 000 AEs. Rates were higher for girls than for boys (rate ratio [RR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-1.34) in gender-comparable Sports and higher in competition than practice for boys (RR 3.42, 95% CI 3.20-3.66) and girls (RR 2.71, 95% CI 2.48-2.95). The anterior talofibular ligament was most commonly injured (involved in 85.3% of sprains). Overall, 49.7% of sprains resulted in loss of participation from 1 to 6 days. Although 0.5% of all ankle sprains required surgery, 6.6% of those involving the deltoid ligament also required surgery. The athletes were wearing ankle braces in 10.6% of all the sprains. The most common injury mechanism was contact with another person (42.4% of all ankle sprains). CONCLUSIONS:: Ankle sprains are a serious problem in high School Sports, with high rates of recurrent injury and loss of participation from sport. Language: en
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epidemiology of united states high School Sports related fractures 2008 09 to 2010 11
American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Dawn R Comstock, David M Swenson, Natalie M Henke, Sarah K FieldsAbstract:Background:High School athletes sustain millions of injuries annually, many of which are fractures. Fractures can severely affect athletes physically, emotionally, and financially and should be targeted with focused prevention methods.Hypothesis:Patterns and primary mechanisms of fractures differ by sport and gender.Study Design:Descriptive epidemiology study.Methods:High School Sports-related injury data were collected from academic years 2008-09 to 2010-11 for 18 Sports and from 2009-10 to 2010-11 for 2 additional Sports. We used linear regression to describe annual fracture rate trends and calculated fractures rates, rate ratios (RRs), and injury proportion ratios (IPRs).Results:From 2008-09 to 2010-11, certified athletic trainers reported a total of 21,251 injuries during 11,544,455 athlete exposures (AEs), of which 2103 (9.9%) were fractures, with an overall rate of 1.82 fractures per 10,000 AEs. Fracture rates were highest in football (4.37 per 10,000 AE), boys’ ice hockey (3.08), and boys’ lacrosse...
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epidemiology of us high School Sports related fractures 2005 2009
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: David M Swenson, Ellen E Yard, Christy L Collins, Sarah K Fields, Dawn R ComstockAbstract:OBJECTIVE:: To describe the epidemiology of fractures among US high School athletes participating in 9 popular Sports. DESIGN:: Descriptive epidemiologic study. SETTING:: Sports injury data for the 2005-2009 academic years were collected using an Internet-based injury surveillance system, Reporting Information Online (RIO). PARTICIPANTS:: A nationally representative sample of 100 US high Schools. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS:: Injuries sustained as a function of sport and sex. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Fracture injury rates, body site, outcome, surgery, and mechanism. RESULTS:: Fractures (n = 568 177 nationally) accounted for 10.1% of all injuries sustained by US high School athletes. The highest rate of fractures was in football (4.61 per 10 000 athlete exposures) and the lowest in volleyball (0.52). Boys were more likely than girls to sustain a fracture in basketball (rate ratio, 1.35,; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.72) and soccer (rate ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.71). Overall, the most frequently fractured body sites were the hand/finger (28.3%), wrist (10.4%), and lower leg (9.3%). Fractures were the most common injury to the nose (76.9%), forearm (56.4%), hand/finger (41.7%), and wrist (41.6%). Most fractures resulted in >3 weeks' time lost (34.3%) or a medical disqualification from participation (24.2%) and were more likely to result in >3 weeks' time lost and medical disqualification than all other injuries combined. Fractures frequently required expensive medical diagnostic imaging examinations such as x-ray, computed tomographic scan, and magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, 16.1% of fractures required surgical treatment, accounting for 26.9% of all injuries requiring surgery. Illegal activity was noted in 9.3% of all fractures with the highest proportion of fractures related to illegal activity in girls' soccer (27.9%). CONCLUSIONS:: Fractures are a major concern for US high School athletes. They can severely affect the athlete's ability to continue Sports participation and can impose substantial medical costs on the injured athletes' families. Targeted, evidence-based, effective fracture prevention programs are needed. Language: en
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when the rules of the game are broken what proportion of high School Sports related injuries are related to illegal activity
Injury Prevention, 2008Co-Authors: Christy L Collins, Sarah K Fields, R D ComstockAbstract:Objectives: To compare sport and gender differences in injury rates and proportions of injuries related to illegal activity and to describe the epidemiology of injuries related to illegal activity. Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: 100 US high Schools. Subjects: Athletes participating in nine Sports: boys’ football, soccer, basketball, wrestling, and baseball plus girls’ soccer, volleyball, basketball, and softball. Main outcome measures: Illegal activity-related injuries were analyzed using data from the 2005–06 and 2006–07 National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study. Results: Nationally, an estimated 98 066 injuries were directly related to an action that was ruled illegal activity by a referee/official or disciplinary committee, giving an injury rate of 0.24 injuries per 1000 athletic competition-exposures. Boys’ and girls’ soccer had the highest rates of injuries related to illegal activity, and girls’ volleyball, girls’ softball, and boys’ baseball had the lowest. Overall, 6.4% of all high School Sports-related injuries were related to illegal activity, with the highest proportion in girls’ basketball (14.0%), girls’ soccer (11.9%), and boys’ soccer (11.4%). A greater proportion of injuries related to illegal activity were to the head/face (32.3%) and were concussions (25.4%) than injuries not related to illegal activity (13.8% (injury proportion ratio 2.35; 95% CI 1.82 to 3.04; p Conclusions: Illegal activity is an overlooked risk factor for Sports-related injury. Reducing illegal activity through enhanced enforcement of Sports’ rules and targeted education about the dangers of illegal activity for players, coaches, and referees/officials may reduce Sports-related injuries.
