The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Andrew D. Hindle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Modelling and evaluating petroleum migration pathways in the Paris, Williston and west of Shetlands and Wessex Basins
    1999
    Co-Authors: Andrew D. Hindle
    Abstract:

    Petroleum migration pathways through a basin are determined by the three-dimensional distribution of discontinuous Sealing Surfaces, which are usually parallel to bedding. The petroleum migrates below the Sealing Surface taking the structurally most advantageous route. The three-dimensional distribution of migration pathways within the petroleum system can be modelled on a personal computer using a program based on the parameters developed during the research summarised in this thesis. Application of the model to the Paris, Williston, West of Shetlands and Wessex Basins demonstrates that a good correlation can be made between predicted pathways and discovered accumulations using simple models. Migration pathways form a dense network overlying hydrocarbon generating areas in the central parts of basins. Towards the basin margins they commonly become increasingly focused into discrete pathways by the Sealing-Surface morphologies. The Paris and Williston Basin research showed how relatively minor structuring of geological strata can result in a significant focusing of pathways. Eventually these pathways may reach the Surface as shown by seepages. Research in the Wessex Basin revealed that reverse modelling of pathways from seeps assists in the prediction of the location of leaking accumulations. Deflection of the pathways from the structurally most advantageous route below the Sealing Surface may be caused by lateral Sealing barriers due to facies variation in the carrier rock below the seal, fault juxtaposition, or cross-formational seals such as salt intrusions. Deflection of pathways also occurs where there are hydrodynamic conditions in response to topography-driven groundwater flow.

  • Petroleum Migration Pathways and Charge Concentration: A Three-Dimensional Model
    AAPG Bulletin, 1997
    Co-Authors: Andrew D. Hindle
    Abstract:

    Petroleum migration pathways through a basin are determined by the three-dimensional distribution of discontinuous Sealing Surfaces, which are usually parallel to bedding. The petroleum migrates below the Sealing Surface, taking the structurally most advantageous route. The three-dimensional distribution of migration pathways within the petroleum system can be modeled on a personal computer using a program based on the parameters discussed in this paper. Application of the model to the Paris and Williston basins demonstrates that a good correlation between predicted pathways and discovered accumulations can be made using simple models. Pathways form a dense network overlying generating areas in the central parts of basins. Toward the basin margins these routes commonly become increasingly focused into discrete pathways by the Sealing-Surface morphologies. Eventually, these pathways may reach the Surface as seepages. It is important to integrate Surface outcrops of migration routes (Surface seepages) into migration modeling. Deflection of the pathways from the structurally most advantageous route below the Sealing Surface may be caused by lateral Sealing barriers due to facies variation in the carrier rock below the seal, fault juxtaposition, or cross-formational seals such as salt intrusions. Deflection of pathways also occurs where there are hydrodynamic conditions in response to topography-driven groundwater flow. Zones of vertical migration are associated with facies changes along the horizon of the Sealing Surface into a nonSealing facies, or juxtaposition to nonSealing strata by faults. Vertical migration from either normally or abnormally pressured strata is most likely to occur into normally or lesser pressured strata at intrabasinal highs where hydrocarbons can be stored and transferred at times of temporary seal rupture. Reverse modeling of individual pathways from fields and seepages to potential sources is a powerful exploration tool. It assists in predicting the boundaries of the leaking accumulations or areas of petroleum expulsion.

Ge Yan Fu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Influencing Factors Analysis of the Crack on Laser Cladding of Valve Sealing Surface
    Key Engineering Materials, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ge Yan Fu
    Abstract:

    Thick laser coating on Sealing Surface of high parameter nuclear and chemical valve have been made, And the factors that will influence layer’s cracking behavior have been analyzed including laser cladding material, technology and base metal. It is approved by experiment that the greater the energy ratio is, the lower the possibility of cracking would be. But this case may cause diluting rate of the coat increasing, grains coarsening and hardness reducing. B and Si can create hard phase, reduce coating’s plasticity, and generate segregation easily in Ni-base alloy which may cause crystal crack. The rate of coating cracking will reduce when substrate has homogeneous structure, no relict stress, no defect, good plasticity, and, its rate of heat expansion is a bit higher than clad material, heat capacity is small, shape and structure is simple and heat symmetrical characteristic is good.

  • Development of a Co-free, Ni-based alloy layer (Ni-SD) for Sealing Surfaces of nuclear-power valves cladding by hollow laser beam
    Materials Research Innovations, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ge Yan Fu, A. Q. Xu, Bingheng Lu
    Abstract:

    To avoid the activated radiation of elemental cobalt and meet the requirements of critical working conditions in which operate the Sealing Surface of nuclear-power valves, a new cobalt-free Ni-based alloy (Ni-SD) was developed. The powder was deposited on a stainless-steel substrate by a novel hollow laser beam cladding technique. The experimental results reveal that the micro-hardness of Ni-SD can approach 700 HV0·3, which is much higher than that of the common Co-based alloy Stellite6 (500 HV0·3) that is currently used in nuclear-power valves. Analytical results indicate that γ-Ni is the primary phase in the Ni-SD coating and that it proportionally dissolves metallic and non-metallic elements. In addition, the Ni-SD coating contains some hard phases, such as carbides and borides. High-temperature measurements indicate that the Ni-SD alloy offers excellent advantages such as high wear resistance and high-temperature operation.

  • The design of cobalt-free, nickel-based alloy powder (Ni-3) used for Sealing Surfaces of nuclear power valves and its structure of laser cladding coating
    Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ge Yan Fu
    Abstract:

    Abstract To meet the demand of cobalt-free for the cladding coating materials used on Sealing Surface of nuclear power valves, a new Co-free, Ni–Cr based alloy powder (Ni-3) has been developed. It has been successfully coated on the Surface of stainless steel as the strengthening layer. The XRD result reveals that the primary phase of cladding coating is Ni-based solid solution, and the carbides M 7 C 3 and M 23 C 6 as well as several A 3 B types of γ′ strengthening phases. It indicates that the alloy possesses the high wear resistance, good corrosion resistance and high temperature tolerance. The test results suggest that the micro-hardness of Ni-3 corresponds to that of alloy Stellite 6 which containing cobalt and currently used as material for nuclear power valves. Hence, the developed Ni-3 alloy powder can be the hopeful candidate material for Co-free cladding material used on the Surface of nuclear power valves; it can reduce the nuclear pollution and save the expensive metals.

Su Zhi-dong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Toshikatsu Nakajima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Takao Shimomura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.