The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Paul Roe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ethnic violence and the societal Security Dilemma
    2004
    Co-Authors: Paul Roe
    Abstract:

    1. The Security Dilemma 2. The Ethnic Security Dilemma and the Former Yugoslavia 3. Societal Security 4. The Societal Security Dilemma 5. Serbs and Croats 6. Krajina and the Societal Security Dilemma 7. Romanians and Hungarians 8. Transylvania and the Societal Security Dilemma Conclusion

  • misperception and ethnic conflict transylvania s societal Security Dilemma
    Review of International Studies, 2002
    Co-Authors: Paul Roe
    Abstract:

    This article proposes that instances of ethnic violence can profitably be viewed through the concept of a societal Security Dilemma. It begins by arguing that the explanatory value of the Security Dilemma might be enhanced by shifting the focus of the concept away from its traditional concern with state sovereignty to an emphasis on ethnic identity instead. This is proposed through combining the Security Dilemma with the Copenhagen School's notion of societal Security. In this way, the article claims that the resultant societal Security Dilemma is able to capture certain dynamics between ethnic groups that its traditional variant necessarily misses. The article then goes on to show how ethnic violence between Hungarians and Romanians in the Transylvanian city of Tirgu Mures can be partly explained by the societal Security Dilemma concept. It argues that many Romanians were mobilized on the basis of the misperception that Hungarian societal Security requirements necessarily threatened their own identity. The article concludes that misperceptions on both sides were enabled by the weakness of the Romanian State; that insufficient mechanisms existed for the clear, unambiguous signalling of intentions.

  • former yugoslavia the Security Dilemma that never was
    European Journal of International Relations, 2000
    Co-Authors: Paul Roe
    Abstract:

    This article provides a critical examination of recent attempts by International Relations theorists to apply the Security Dilemma concept to the intra-state level to explain the outbreak of ethnic violence and war. It critiques the work of Barry Posen, Stuart Kaufman and Erik Melander. In doing so, the central claim of the article is that a specifically Butterfieldian interpretation of the concept is required if the Security Dilemma is to manifest its greatest explanatory value; where conflict between the parties involved is directly the product of misperception. It demonstrates how in failing to employ such a conception, Posen, Melander and Kaufman's work either completely neglects or fails to address satisfactorily what is arguably the essence of the Security Dilemma; what Butterfield came to describe as a `tragedy'. The article thus concludes that the application of the concept in terms of the former Yugoslavia is for the most part untenable.

  • the intrastate Security Dilemma ethnic conflict as a tragedy
    Journal of Peace Research, 1999
    Co-Authors: Paul Roe
    Abstract:

    This article seeks to pull together the main body of work on the Security Dilemma and that concerning the relatively recent move in international relations in reconceptualizing and operationalizing the concept away from its usual interstate setting. First, it will discuss some of the ways in which the Security Dilemma has been defined. Second, it will concentrate on the work of those writers who have conceived of 'ethnic Security Dilemmas' and 'inSecurity Dilemmas' occurring at the intrastate level. Third, it will suggest some possible answers to the problems that this body of writing has raised. Fourth, it will both introduce and further develop the concept of the '(inter-) societal Security Dilemma' as a possibly more productive way of explaining the outbreak of ethnic violence. Moreover, throughout the article the question as to if and when ethnic conflict can be seen as a 'tragedy' in Herbert Butterfield's sense of the word will be addressed.

Joshua Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the empathic foundations of Security Dilemma de escalation
    Political Psychology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Joshua Baker
    Abstract:

    Thank you as well to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, to the interviewees for agreeing to participate, and to the ESRC (studentship reference 1368326) and the University of Leicester for funding.

  • The empathic foundations of Security Dilemma de-escalation
    2019
    Co-Authors: Joshua Baker
    Abstract:

    Security Dilemma theorists have long recognized the importance of empathy to the de‐escalation of conflict between actors caught in Security Dilemma dynamics, but they have left empathy undertheorized and have neglected to recognize its deeply contested nature. This article responds to this omission by bringing multidisciplinary literature on empathy to bear on Security Dilemma thinking. Contrary to some contemporary empathy research that draws attention to its automatic, unconscious, and intuitive properties, the article highlights the deliberate, effortful, and reflexive capacity to empathize across complex social contexts such as Security Dilemma dynamics. It shows how empathy of this kind can lead actors to moderate their positions on key issues at the heart of a conflict, reinterpret their interests, and broaden the zone of possible agreement between themselves and an adversary. The article demonstrates these notions empirically by locating empathy within the de‐escalation of tensions between the United States and Iran between 2009 and 2016. Drawing on primary interview material with former U.S. officials, the argument is made that the development of specific empathic capacities by key U.S. officials played an important and unrecognized role in the de‐escalation of Security Dilemma dynamics between the United States and Iran

Anit Mukherjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Klaus Heinrich Raditio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • theoretical framework Security Dilemma reconsidered
    2019
    Co-Authors: Klaus Heinrich Raditio
    Abstract:

    The chapter presents the works of prominent scholars in international relations, especially from realist tradition. Security Dilemma finds its foundation in the classical works of Butterfield, Hertz, and Jervis. The real definition of Security Dilemma must stick to the original idea of these scholars. It consists of three constitutive elements: uncertainty, lack of malign intention, and self-defeating (paradoxical) policies. These elements must exist for Security Dilemma to apply. In addition, this chapter also discusses the differences between offensive and defensive realism—which set a solid foundation to understand China’s behaviour in the South China Sea.

  • Security Dilemma between china vis a vis the united states of america in the south china sea
    2019
    Co-Authors: Klaus Heinrich Raditio
    Abstract:

    The South China Sea (SCS) is in the interest of external powers, particularly the US. There are some difference between the Security Dilemma between China vis-a-vis other claimants and China vis-a-vis the US. The first difference is that the Sino-US Security Dilemma (SUSD) is only a reflection of wider rivalry between the two. The second is neither China nor the US defects in the SCS.

  • Security Dilemma between china and other south china sea claimant states
    2019
    Co-Authors: Klaus Heinrich Raditio
    Abstract:

    This chapter applies the concept of Security Dilemma between China on one side and “other claimants” on the opposite side. Even though the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Brunei do not establish an alliance, they share anxiety of China’s potential of being offensive. On the other hand, China is anxious about controlling the South China Sea and the intervention of external power.

Yogesh Joshi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.