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P.j. Dart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pseudomonas cepacia a potential suppressor of maize soil borne diseases Seed Inoculation and maize root colonization
    Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1992
    Co-Authors: K.p. Hebbar, A.g. Davey, J. Merrin, T.j. Mcloughlin, P.j. Dart
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of different inoculum densities and of varying methods of Seed Inoculation on the ability of the maize rhizobacterial strain Pseudomonas cepacia 526 (ATCC 53267) to colonize and multiply in the maize rhizosphere was studied in greenhouse and field trials. The amount of inoculum used had a significant effect on both the colonization and spread of P. cepacia on the roots and rhizosphere. However, even an inoculum as small as 30 bacteria Seed−1 resulted in 105 bacteria g−1 dry wt root after 2 weeks of plant growth in a montmorillonite clay vertisol soil from Darling Downs, Australia. After vigorous washing, root macerates still yielded P. cepacia indicating its close association to the roots. P. cepacia strain 64, which elicited high pectinase activity, had the capacity to penetrate maize root mucilage, while strains with low pectinase activity did not. The Seed-inoculated bacteria spread rapidly to the newly-formed root surfaces of the Seedling as well as on the adventitious (prop) roots in mature plants. The basal part of the root was colonized to a greater extent than the root tip region. Several field trials, conducted in the U.S.A. and in Australia using P. cepacia strains 526, 406 (ATCC 53266) and 64, revealed that they can colonize maize roots under different pedo-climatic conditions and the type of inoculum (liquid or a peat-based) had no significant effect on their root colonization. The results indicated that for maize cultivars resistant to stalk rot, bacterial colonization of roots was highly variable, but this was not so for susceptible cultivars.

  • Pseudomonas cepacia, a potential suppressor of maize soil-borne diseases—Seed Inoculation and maize root colonization
    Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1992
    Co-Authors: K.p. Hebbar, A.g. Davey, J. Merrin, T.j. Mcloughlin, P.j. Dart
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of different inoculum densities and of varying methods of Seed Inoculation on the ability of the maize rhizobacterial strain Pseudomonas cepacia 526 (ATCC 53267) to colonize and multiply in the maize rhizosphere was studied in greenhouse and field trials. The amount of inoculum used had a significant effect on both the colonization and spread of P. cepacia on the roots and rhizosphere. However, even an inoculum as small as 30 bacteria Seed−1 resulted in 105 bacteria g−1 dry wt root after 2 weeks of plant growth in a montmorillonite clay vertisol soil from Darling Downs, Australia. After vigorous washing, root macerates still yielded P. cepacia indicating its close association to the roots. P. cepacia strain 64, which elicited high pectinase activity, had the capacity to penetrate maize root mucilage, while strains with low pectinase activity did not. The Seed-inoculated bacteria spread rapidly to the newly-formed root surfaces of the Seedling as well as on the adventitious (prop) roots in mature plants. The basal part of the root was colonized to a greater extent than the root tip region. Several field trials, conducted in the U.S.A. and in Australia using P. cepacia strains 526, 406 (ATCC 53266) and 64, revealed that they can colonize maize roots under different pedo-climatic conditions and the type of inoculum (liquid or a peat-based) had no significant effect on their root colonization. The results indicated that for maize cultivars resistant to stalk rot, bacterial colonization of roots was highly variable, but this was not so for susceptible cultivars.

K.p. Hebbar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pseudomonas cepacia a potential suppressor of maize soil borne diseases Seed Inoculation and maize root colonization
    Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1992
    Co-Authors: K.p. Hebbar, A.g. Davey, J. Merrin, T.j. Mcloughlin, P.j. Dart
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of different inoculum densities and of varying methods of Seed Inoculation on the ability of the maize rhizobacterial strain Pseudomonas cepacia 526 (ATCC 53267) to colonize and multiply in the maize rhizosphere was studied in greenhouse and field trials. The amount of inoculum used had a significant effect on both the colonization and spread of P. cepacia on the roots and rhizosphere. However, even an inoculum as small as 30 bacteria Seed−1 resulted in 105 bacteria g−1 dry wt root after 2 weeks of plant growth in a montmorillonite clay vertisol soil from Darling Downs, Australia. After vigorous washing, root macerates still yielded P. cepacia indicating its close association to the roots. P. cepacia strain 64, which elicited high pectinase activity, had the capacity to penetrate maize root mucilage, while strains with low pectinase activity did not. The Seed-inoculated bacteria spread rapidly to the newly-formed root surfaces of the Seedling as well as on the adventitious (prop) roots in mature plants. The basal part of the root was colonized to a greater extent than the root tip region. Several field trials, conducted in the U.S.A. and in Australia using P. cepacia strains 526, 406 (ATCC 53266) and 64, revealed that they can colonize maize roots under different pedo-climatic conditions and the type of inoculum (liquid or a peat-based) had no significant effect on their root colonization. The results indicated that for maize cultivars resistant to stalk rot, bacterial colonization of roots was highly variable, but this was not so for susceptible cultivars.

  • Pseudomonas cepacia, a potential suppressor of maize soil-borne diseases—Seed Inoculation and maize root colonization
    Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1992
    Co-Authors: K.p. Hebbar, A.g. Davey, J. Merrin, T.j. Mcloughlin, P.j. Dart
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of different inoculum densities and of varying methods of Seed Inoculation on the ability of the maize rhizobacterial strain Pseudomonas cepacia 526 (ATCC 53267) to colonize and multiply in the maize rhizosphere was studied in greenhouse and field trials. The amount of inoculum used had a significant effect on both the colonization and spread of P. cepacia on the roots and rhizosphere. However, even an inoculum as small as 30 bacteria Seed−1 resulted in 105 bacteria g−1 dry wt root after 2 weeks of plant growth in a montmorillonite clay vertisol soil from Darling Downs, Australia. After vigorous washing, root macerates still yielded P. cepacia indicating its close association to the roots. P. cepacia strain 64, which elicited high pectinase activity, had the capacity to penetrate maize root mucilage, while strains with low pectinase activity did not. The Seed-inoculated bacteria spread rapidly to the newly-formed root surfaces of the Seedling as well as on the adventitious (prop) roots in mature plants. The basal part of the root was colonized to a greater extent than the root tip region. Several field trials, conducted in the U.S.A. and in Australia using P. cepacia strains 526, 406 (ATCC 53266) and 64, revealed that they can colonize maize roots under different pedo-climatic conditions and the type of inoculum (liquid or a peat-based) had no significant effect on their root colonization. The results indicated that for maize cultivars resistant to stalk rot, bacterial colonization of roots was highly variable, but this was not so for susceptible cultivars.

Sotirios V Archontoulis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • soybean yield biological n2 fixation and Seed composition responses to additional Inoculation in the united states
    Scientific Reports, 2019
    Co-Authors: Walter D Carciochi, Luiz Moro H Rosso, M A Secchi, Adalgisa Ribeiro Torres, Seth L Naeve, Shaun N Casteel, Peter Kovacs, Dan Davidson, Larry C Purcell, Sotirios V Archontoulis
    Abstract:

    It is unclear if additional Inoculation with Bradyrhizobia at varying soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth stages can impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), increase yield and improve Seed composition [protein, oil, and amino acid (AA) concentrations]. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different soybean Inoculation strategies (Seed coating and additional soil Inoculation at V4 or R1) on: (i) Seed yield, (ii) Seed composition, and (iii) BNF traits [nodule number and relative abundance of ureides (RAU)]. Soybean field trials were conducted in 11 environments (four states of the US) to evaluate four treatments: (i) control without Inoculation, (ii) Seed Inoculation, (iii) Seed Inoculation + soil Inoculation at V4, and (iv) Seed Inoculation + soil Inoculation at R1. Results demonstrated no effect of Seed or additional soil Inoculation at V4 or R1 on either soybean Seed yield or composition. Also, Inoculation strategies produced similar values to the non-inoculated control in terms of nodule number and RAU, a reflection of BNF. Therefore, we conclude that in soils with previous history of soybean and under non-severe stress conditions (e.g. high early-season temperature and/or saturated soils), there is no benefit to implementing additional Inoculation on soybean yield and Seed composition.

Ivan R. Kennedy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • legume Seed Inoculation technology a review
    Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2004
    Co-Authors: Rosalind Deaker, Rodney J. Roughley, Ivan R. Kennedy
    Abstract:

    Inoculation of legume Seed is an efficient and convenient way of introducing effective rhizobia to soil and subsequently the rhizosphere of legumes. However, its full potential is yet to be realised. Following widespread crop failures, the manufacture of high quality inoculants revolutionised legume technology in Australia in the 1960s. Many improvements to inoculants and the advent of an inoculant control service ensured that quality was optimised and maintained. Minimum standards for the number of rhizobia per Seed were set after consideration of several factors including Seed size and loss of viability during Inoculation. Despite manufacturers' recommendations for storage and application of inoculants, there is a distinct lack of control over the Inoculation process; hence the full potential of high quality products may not always be achieved. The efficacy of Inoculation varies depending on several factors, all of which affect the number of viable rhizobia available for infection of legume roots. Increased numbers of viable rhizobia per Seed by application of inoculant above the commercially recommended rate, results in a continued linear increase in nodulation and yield. Several studies have reported yield increases of up to 25%. However, applying higher quantities of inoculant is uneconomical and technically difficult. Alternatively, higher numbers of viable rhizobia per Seed may be achieved by improving survival during Seed Inoculation. Despite recognition of the factors affecting survival of rhizobia on Seed and a substantial demand for commercially pre-inoculated legume Seed, poor survival is still a major concern. Desiccation, temperature and Seed coat toxicity all influence survival of rhizobia on Seed. Their adverse effects may be ameliorated by selecting tolerant rhizobial strains and legume Seed cultivars with low toxicity or artificially, by the use of additives in the Seed coating. The accumulation of the desiccant protectant trehalose in strains of rhizobia, may result in better survival under desiccation stress. Similarly, the accumulation of exopolysaccharide (EPS) may act as a barrier reducing excessive water loss. Polymeric adhesives such as gum arabic, methyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrollidone (PVP) have improved survival. However, studies of additives used in Inoculation have been ad hoc and little of their mode of action is understood. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the protection of rhizobia from adverse conditions will assist in defining the optimum conditions for Seed Inoculation and storage to ensure a higher quality product for farmers at the time of sowing.

  • Legume Seed Inoculation technology—a review
    Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2004
    Co-Authors: Rosalind Deaker, Rodney J. Roughley, Ivan R. Kennedy
    Abstract:

    Inoculation of legume Seed is an efficient and convenient way of introducing effective rhizobia to soil and subsequently the rhizosphere of legumes. However, its full potential is yet to be realised. Following widespread crop failures, the manufacture of high quality inoculants revolutionised legume technology in Australia in the 1960s. Many improvements to inoculants and the advent of an inoculant control service ensured that quality was optimised and maintained. Minimum standards for the number of rhizobia per Seed were set after consideration of several factors including Seed size and loss of viability during Inoculation. Despite manufacturers' recommendations for storage and application of inoculants, there is a distinct lack of control over the Inoculation process; hence the full potential of high quality products may not always be achieved. The efficacy of Inoculation varies depending on several factors, all of which affect the number of viable rhizobia available for infection of legume roots. Increased numbers of viable rhizobia per Seed by application of inoculant above the commercially recommended rate, results in a continued linear increase in nodulation and yield. Several studies have reported yield increases of up to 25%. However, applying higher quantities of inoculant is uneconomical and technically difficult. Alternatively, higher numbers of viable rhizobia per Seed may be achieved by improving survival during Seed Inoculation. Despite recognition of the factors affecting survival of rhizobia on Seed and a substantial demand for commercially pre-inoculated legume Seed, poor survival is still a major concern. Desiccation, temperature and Seed coat toxicity all influence survival of rhizobia on Seed. Their adverse effects may be ameliorated by selecting tolerant rhizobial strains and legume Seed cultivars with low toxicity or artificially, by the use of additives in the Seed coating. The accumulation of the desiccant protectant trehalose in strains of rhizobia, may result in better survival under desiccation stress. Similarly, the accumulation of exopolysaccharide (EPS) may act as a barrier reducing excessive water loss. Polymeric adhesives such as gum arabic, methyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrollidone (PVP) have improved survival. However, studies of additives used in Inoculation have been ad hoc and little of their mode of action is understood. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the protection of rhizobia from adverse conditions will assist in defining the optimum conditions for Seed Inoculation and storage to ensure a higher quality product for farmers at the time of sowing.

A.g. Davey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pseudomonas cepacia a potential suppressor of maize soil borne diseases Seed Inoculation and maize root colonization
    Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1992
    Co-Authors: K.p. Hebbar, A.g. Davey, J. Merrin, T.j. Mcloughlin, P.j. Dart
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of different inoculum densities and of varying methods of Seed Inoculation on the ability of the maize rhizobacterial strain Pseudomonas cepacia 526 (ATCC 53267) to colonize and multiply in the maize rhizosphere was studied in greenhouse and field trials. The amount of inoculum used had a significant effect on both the colonization and spread of P. cepacia on the roots and rhizosphere. However, even an inoculum as small as 30 bacteria Seed−1 resulted in 105 bacteria g−1 dry wt root after 2 weeks of plant growth in a montmorillonite clay vertisol soil from Darling Downs, Australia. After vigorous washing, root macerates still yielded P. cepacia indicating its close association to the roots. P. cepacia strain 64, which elicited high pectinase activity, had the capacity to penetrate maize root mucilage, while strains with low pectinase activity did not. The Seed-inoculated bacteria spread rapidly to the newly-formed root surfaces of the Seedling as well as on the adventitious (prop) roots in mature plants. The basal part of the root was colonized to a greater extent than the root tip region. Several field trials, conducted in the U.S.A. and in Australia using P. cepacia strains 526, 406 (ATCC 53266) and 64, revealed that they can colonize maize roots under different pedo-climatic conditions and the type of inoculum (liquid or a peat-based) had no significant effect on their root colonization. The results indicated that for maize cultivars resistant to stalk rot, bacterial colonization of roots was highly variable, but this was not so for susceptible cultivars.

  • Pseudomonas cepacia, a potential suppressor of maize soil-borne diseases—Seed Inoculation and maize root colonization
    Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1992
    Co-Authors: K.p. Hebbar, A.g. Davey, J. Merrin, T.j. Mcloughlin, P.j. Dart
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of different inoculum densities and of varying methods of Seed Inoculation on the ability of the maize rhizobacterial strain Pseudomonas cepacia 526 (ATCC 53267) to colonize and multiply in the maize rhizosphere was studied in greenhouse and field trials. The amount of inoculum used had a significant effect on both the colonization and spread of P. cepacia on the roots and rhizosphere. However, even an inoculum as small as 30 bacteria Seed−1 resulted in 105 bacteria g−1 dry wt root after 2 weeks of plant growth in a montmorillonite clay vertisol soil from Darling Downs, Australia. After vigorous washing, root macerates still yielded P. cepacia indicating its close association to the roots. P. cepacia strain 64, which elicited high pectinase activity, had the capacity to penetrate maize root mucilage, while strains with low pectinase activity did not. The Seed-inoculated bacteria spread rapidly to the newly-formed root surfaces of the Seedling as well as on the adventitious (prop) roots in mature plants. The basal part of the root was colonized to a greater extent than the root tip region. Several field trials, conducted in the U.S.A. and in Australia using P. cepacia strains 526, 406 (ATCC 53266) and 64, revealed that they can colonize maize roots under different pedo-climatic conditions and the type of inoculum (liquid or a peat-based) had no significant effect on their root colonization. The results indicated that for maize cultivars resistant to stalk rot, bacterial colonization of roots was highly variable, but this was not so for susceptible cultivars.