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Douglas Rugg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The speed of kill of a topical combination of Selamectin plus sarolaner against induced infestations of Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    : The speed of kill of a novel, topical product containing Selamectin in combination with sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) was evaluated against Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats. Sixteen cats were randomly allocated to a treatment group and treated topically on Day 0 with either placebo (vehicle control) or 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner. Cats were infested with approximately 50 unfed viable adult I. scapularis ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Efficacy was assessed at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment on Day 0 and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after post-treatment re-infestations. There were no adverse reactions to the topical treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner. Placebo-treated cats maintained tick infestations throughout the study. Treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner significantly reduced tick counts within 12 h (P 

  • efficacy and safety of a new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner in the treatment and control of natural infections of ancylostoma tubaeforme and toxocara cati in cats presented as veterinary patients in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, Lina Damrah, Carole Therrien, Araceli Lucioforster, Janice L Liotta, Melanie R Myers, Jady J Rugg, Dwight D Bowman, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    Abstract A new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus, Zoetis) was evaluated in the treatment and control of naturally occurring infections of Ancylostoma tubaeforme and Toxocara cati in cats presented as veterinary patients in the United States. Three thousand three hundred three (3303) cats were screened in 25 veterinary practices in 15 states and 153 hookworm-positive cats (A. tubaeforme and/or A. braziliense), mainly from Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, and Hawaii, were identified; 135 cats met all the criteria for enrollment and were included on study. The cats were randomly assigned to treatment with Revolution® (at the label dosage, to provide a minimum dosage of 6 mg/kg Selamectin) or Selamectin plus sarolaner (at a dosage of 6–12 mg/kg plus 1–2 mg/kg, respectively). Treatments were administered at the time of enrollment and repeated 30 days later. Fecal samples were collected for differential fecal egg count prior to the first treatment (Day 0), prior to the second treatment (Day 30), and approximately 30 days later (Day 60). Efficacy was based on the percentage reductions in geometric mean fecal egg count for A. tubaeforme on Day 30 and Day 60 compared with Day 0. Where cats were co-infected with T. cati, efficacy against this species was also evaluated. Efficacy data were evaluated for A. tubaeforme for 40 cats on both Day 30 and Day 60 for the group treated with the Selamectin/sarolaner combination and reductions in geometric mean fecal egg counts of 99.4% and 99.7% were demonstrated for Day 30 and Day 60, respectively. For the group treated with Selamectin alone, 44 and 40 cats were evaluated and percent reductions for Day 30 and Day 60 were 99.5% and 99.9%, respectively. For T. cati, 14 cats were evaluated in the Selamectin/sarolaner-treated group for Day 30 and for Day 60, and the reduction in geometric mean fecal egg count was 100% for both days. There were 11 and 9 cats evaluated for Day 30 and Day 60, respectively, for the Selamectin-treated group and the reduction was again 100% for both days. The geometric mean fecal egg counts post-treatment were significantly lower than pre-treatment for both A. tubaeforme and T. cati, for both treatments, and for both periods of interest (P

  • efficacy of a new topical formulation containing Selamectin plus sarolaner against three common tick species infesting cats in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Sara Chapin, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, David R Young, Susan J Holzmer, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    Abstract The efficacy of a single topical application of a combination product containing Selamectin and sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution ® Plus/Stronghold ® Plus) was evaluated in seven laboratory studies against Ixodes scapularis (three studies), Dermacentor variabilis (two studies), or Amblyomma maculatum (two studies). In each study, cats were randomly allocated to treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. On Days -2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33, the cats were infested with unfed adult ticks. On Day 0, cats were treated with either a placebo (vehicle control) or with the spot-on solution at the minimum dose of 6.0 mg Selamectin and 1.0 mg sarolaner/kg bodyweight. In one study with I. scapularis and one with D. variabilis an additional group of cats was treated with Selamectin alone (Revolution ® , Zoetis) at 6.0 mg/kg bodyweight. Tick counts were conducted after treatment and after each weekly re-infestation and efficacy determined relative to placebo-treated animals. There were no treatment-related adverse reactions in any of the studies. Geometric mean live tick counts were significantly ( P 90% efficacy against existing infestations based on geometric means. Efficacy against weekly re-infestations was >90% based on geometric means for at least 5 weeks for I. scapularis and D. variabilis , and for at least 4 weeks against A. maculatum . Selamectin alone had no efficacy against I. scapularis , where counts on Selamectin-treated cats were not significantly different from placebo at all time points ( P  > 0.05), and for D. variabilis , counts were not significantly different from placebo at 2, 3 and 5 weeks after treatment (P > 0.05) and efficacy was never greater than 85%. Thus, the activity of the sarolaner against three common tick species found on cats in the US is complementary to the existing broad-spectrum parasite control of Selamectin. The inclusion of sarolaner with Selamectin in a combination product (Revolution ® Plus/Stronghold ® Plus) provides for the treatment of existing tick infestations and gives at least one month of control against re-infestation following a single topical application.

  • The speed of kill of a topical combination of Selamectin plus sarolaner against induced infestations of Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    : The speed of kill of a novel, topical product containing Selamectin in combination with sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) was evaluated against Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats. Sixteen cats were randomly allocated to a treatment group and treated topically on Day 0 with either placebo (vehicle control) or 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner. Cats were infested with approximately 50 unfed viable adult I. scapularis ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Efficacy was assessed at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment on Day 0 and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after post-treatment re-infestations. There were no adverse reactions to the topical treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner. Placebo-treated cats maintained tick infestations throughout the study. Treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner significantly reduced tick counts within 12 h (P 

  • efficacy of a new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner for the control of fleas and ticks infesting cats in japan
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Wakako Yonetake, Andrew Hodge, Masaya Naito, Steven Maeder, Takeshi Fujii, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    Abstract The efficacy of a single application of a new topical formulation containing Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus / Stronghold® Plus, Zoetis) was evaluated against fleas and ticks infesting cats enrolled as veterinary patients in two field studies conducted in Japan and against Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks on cats in a laboratory study. In the laboratory study, sixteen cats were ranked based on pre-treatment tick counts and allocated randomly to treatment on Day 0 with either Selamectin plus sarolaner or placebo. Cats were infested with adult H. longicornis on Days −2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33. Efficacy relative to placebo was based on live attached tick counts conducted 48 h after treatment and subsequent re-infestations. Selamectin plus sarolaner reduced live, attached H. longicornis counts by 96.4% within 48 h of treatment, and by ≥91.7% within 48 h of weekly re-infestation for 35 days, based on arithmetic means. In the field studies, 67 client-owned cats harboring six or more live fleas and 63 cats harboring four or more live attached ticks were enrolled to evaluate Selamectin plus sarolaner for efficacy and safety compared with a registered product. Cats were allocated randomly to treatment with Selamectin plus sarolaner or fipronil plus (S)-methoprene based on order of presentation. Treatment was administered once on Day 0 and efficacy was assessed by parasite counts conducted on Days 14 and 30 compared to the pre-treatment count. In the flea field study, live flea counts on Days 14 and 30 were reduced by 99.5% and 99.9% in the Selamectin plus sarolaner group, and by 97.6% and 98.6% in the fipronil plus (S)-methoprene group, based on least squares mean percentage reductions. Clinical signs typically associated with flea allergy dermatitis improved following treatment. In the tick field study, live tick counts on Days 14 and 30 were reduced by 97.5% and 97.7% in the Selamectin plus sarolaner group, and by 91.5% and 93.4% in the fipronil plus (S)-methoprene group, based on least squares mean percentage reductions. Selamectin plus sarolaner was determined to be non-inferior to fipronil plus (S)-methoprene in both field studies. There were no treatment-related adverse events in any study. A single topical dose of Revolution® Plus / Stronghold® Plus providing a minimum dosage of 6.0 mg/kg Selamectin and 1.0 mg/kg sarolaner was confirmed to be effective against H. longicornis ticks on cats for one month and safe and effective in the treatment of fleas and ticks on cats enrolled as veterinary patients in Japan.

Adriano F. Vatta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The speed of kill of a topical combination of Selamectin plus sarolaner against induced infestations of Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    : The speed of kill of a novel, topical product containing Selamectin in combination with sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) was evaluated against Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats. Sixteen cats were randomly allocated to a treatment group and treated topically on Day 0 with either placebo (vehicle control) or 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner. Cats were infested with approximately 50 unfed viable adult I. scapularis ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Efficacy was assessed at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment on Day 0 and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after post-treatment re-infestations. There were no adverse reactions to the topical treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner. Placebo-treated cats maintained tick infestations throughout the study. Treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner significantly reduced tick counts within 12 h (P 

  • the efficacy of a novel topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner revolution plus stronghold plus in preventing the development of dirofilaria immitis in cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tom L Mctier, Vickie L King, Sara Chapin, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, Jady J Rugg, Aleah Pullins, John W Mccall, Adriano F. Vatta
    Abstract:

    Abstract Three controlled studies were conducted to investigate the efficacy of Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) in preventing feline heartworm disease in cats. In all studies, cats were inoculated with 100 Dirofilaria immitis third stage larvae on Day -30. In the first study, cats were treated with Selamectin plus sarolaner as a single dose on Day 0 or as three consecutive monthly doses on Days 0, 28 and 56. In the second and third studies, cats were treated with either sarolaner alone on Day 0, Selamectin plus sarolaner on Day 0 or Selamectin plus sarolaner as three consecutive monthly doses on Days 0, 28 and 56. In all three studies, dosages were 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner or 1 mg/kg sarolaner alone. Control cats were given a placebo containing inert formulation ingredients (vehicle). All treatments were administered at a single site topically to the skin cranial to the scapulae. Cats were humanely euthanized on Day 145/146 (i.e., 175/176 post-inoculation), and adult D. immitis worms were recovered and enumerated. Across the three studies, adult heartworms were recovered from 87 to 100% of control cats, with geometric mean worm counts ranging from 2.1 to 5.4. No adult D. immitis worms were recovered from cats treated with Selamectin plus sarolaner. Cats treated with sarolaner alone were not protected against D. immitis infection, showing geometric mean worm counts of 1.9 to 2.4. In these studies, Selamectin (6 mg/kg) plus sarolaner (1 mg/kg) was 100% effective in preventing heartworm development in cats when administered topically as one dose 30 days after inoculation or as three consecutive monthly doses starting 30 days post-inoculation. These studies demonstrated that a single topical administration of Selamectin plus sarolaner at the recommended dosage was completely effective in preventing the development of D. immitis in cats.

  • The speed of kill of a topical combination of Selamectin plus sarolaner against induced infestations of Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    : The speed of kill of a novel, topical product containing Selamectin in combination with sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) was evaluated against Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats. Sixteen cats were randomly allocated to a treatment group and treated topically on Day 0 with either placebo (vehicle control) or 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner. Cats were infested with approximately 50 unfed viable adult I. scapularis ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Efficacy was assessed at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment on Day 0 and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after post-treatment re-infestations. There were no adverse reactions to the topical treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner. Placebo-treated cats maintained tick infestations throughout the study. Treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner significantly reduced tick counts within 12 h (P 

  • efficacy and safety of a new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner in the treatment and control of natural infections of ancylostoma tubaeforme and toxocara cati in cats presented as veterinary patients in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, Lina Damrah, Carole Therrien, Araceli Lucioforster, Janice L Liotta, Melanie R Myers, Jady J Rugg, Dwight D Bowman, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    A new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus, Zoetis) was evaluated in the treatment and control of naturally occurring infections of Ancylostoma tubaeforme and Toxocara cati in cats presented as veterinary patients in the United States. Three thousand three hundred three (3303) cats were screened in 25 veterinary practices in 15 states and 153 hookworm-positive cats (A. tubaeforme and/or A. braziliense), mainly from Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, and Hawaii, were identified; 135 cats met all the criteria for enrollment and were included on study. The cats were randomly assigned to treatment with Revolution® (at the label dosage, to provide a minimum dosage of 6 mg/kg Selamectin) or Selamectin plus sarolaner (at a dosage of 6-12 mg/kg plus 1-2 mg/kg, respectively). Treatments were administered at the time of enrollment and repeated 30 days later. Fecal samples were collected for differential fecal egg count prior to the first treatment (Day 0), prior to the second treatment (Day 30), and approximately 30 days later (Day 60). Efficacy was based on the percentage reductions in geometric mean fecal egg count for A. tubaeforme on Day 30 and Day 60 compared with Day 0. Where cats were co-infected with T. cati, efficacy against this species was also evaluated. Efficacy data were evaluated for A. tubaeforme for 40 cats on both Day 30 and Day 60 for the group treated with the Selamectin/sarolaner combination and reductions in geometric mean fecal egg counts of 99.4% and 99.7% were demonstrated for Day 30 and Day 60, respectively. For the group treated with Selamectin alone, 44 and 40 cats were evaluated and percent reductions for Day 30 and Day 60 were 99.5% and 99.9%, respectively. For T. cati, 14 cats were evaluated in the Selamectin/sarolaner-treated group for Day 30 and for Day 60, and the reduction in geometric mean fecal egg count was 100% for both days. There were 11 and 9 cats evaluated for Day 30 and Day 60, respectively, for the Selamectin-treated group and the reduction was again 100% for both days. The geometric mean fecal egg counts post-treatment were significantly lower than pre-treatment for both A. tubaeforme and T. cati, for both treatments, and for both periods of interest (P < 0.0001). No serious adverse events related to treatment with either product occurred during the study. Thus, both Selamectin alone and the combination product of Selamectin/sarolaner were safe and effective when administered on a monthly basis for the treatment and control of natural infections of A. tubaeforme and T. cati. The addition of sarolaner to the formulation did not interfere with the efficacy of Selamectin against these nematodes.

  • efficacy of a new topical formulation containing Selamectin plus sarolaner against three common tick species infesting cats in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Sara Chapin, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, David R Young, Susan J Holzmer, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    Abstract The efficacy of a single topical application of a combination product containing Selamectin and sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution ® Plus/Stronghold ® Plus) was evaluated in seven laboratory studies against Ixodes scapularis (three studies), Dermacentor variabilis (two studies), or Amblyomma maculatum (two studies). In each study, cats were randomly allocated to treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. On Days -2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33, the cats were infested with unfed adult ticks. On Day 0, cats were treated with either a placebo (vehicle control) or with the spot-on solution at the minimum dose of 6.0 mg Selamectin and 1.0 mg sarolaner/kg bodyweight. In one study with I. scapularis and one with D. variabilis an additional group of cats was treated with Selamectin alone (Revolution ® , Zoetis) at 6.0 mg/kg bodyweight. Tick counts were conducted after treatment and after each weekly re-infestation and efficacy determined relative to placebo-treated animals. There were no treatment-related adverse reactions in any of the studies. Geometric mean live tick counts were significantly ( P 90% efficacy against existing infestations based on geometric means. Efficacy against weekly re-infestations was >90% based on geometric means for at least 5 weeks for I. scapularis and D. variabilis , and for at least 4 weeks against A. maculatum . Selamectin alone had no efficacy against I. scapularis , where counts on Selamectin-treated cats were not significantly different from placebo at all time points ( P  > 0.05), and for D. variabilis , counts were not significantly different from placebo at 2, 3 and 5 weeks after treatment (P > 0.05) and efficacy was never greater than 85%. Thus, the activity of the sarolaner against three common tick species found on cats in the US is complementary to the existing broad-spectrum parasite control of Selamectin. The inclusion of sarolaner with Selamectin in a combination product (Revolution ® Plus/Stronghold ® Plus) provides for the treatment of existing tick infestations and gives at least one month of control against re-infestation following a single topical application.

Vickie L King - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy and safety of a new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner in the treatment and control of natural infections of ancylostoma tubaeforme and toxocara cati in cats presented as veterinary patients in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, Lina Damrah, Carole Therrien, Araceli Lucioforster, Janice L Liotta, Melanie R Myers, Jady J Rugg, Dwight D Bowman, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    A new topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus, Zoetis) was evaluated in the treatment and control of naturally occurring infections of Ancylostoma tubaeforme and Toxocara cati in cats presented as veterinary patients in the United States. Three thousand three hundred three (3303) cats were screened in 25 veterinary practices in 15 states and 153 hookworm-positive cats (A. tubaeforme and/or A. braziliense), mainly from Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, and Hawaii, were identified; 135 cats met all the criteria for enrollment and were included on study. The cats were randomly assigned to treatment with Revolution® (at the label dosage, to provide a minimum dosage of 6 mg/kg Selamectin) or Selamectin plus sarolaner (at a dosage of 6-12 mg/kg plus 1-2 mg/kg, respectively). Treatments were administered at the time of enrollment and repeated 30 days later. Fecal samples were collected for differential fecal egg count prior to the first treatment (Day 0), prior to the second treatment (Day 30), and approximately 30 days later (Day 60). Efficacy was based on the percentage reductions in geometric mean fecal egg count for A. tubaeforme on Day 30 and Day 60 compared with Day 0. Where cats were co-infected with T. cati, efficacy against this species was also evaluated. Efficacy data were evaluated for A. tubaeforme for 40 cats on both Day 30 and Day 60 for the group treated with the Selamectin/sarolaner combination and reductions in geometric mean fecal egg counts of 99.4% and 99.7% were demonstrated for Day 30 and Day 60, respectively. For the group treated with Selamectin alone, 44 and 40 cats were evaluated and percent reductions for Day 30 and Day 60 were 99.5% and 99.9%, respectively. For T. cati, 14 cats were evaluated in the Selamectin/sarolaner-treated group for Day 30 and for Day 60, and the reduction in geometric mean fecal egg count was 100% for both days. There were 11 and 9 cats evaluated for Day 30 and Day 60, respectively, for the Selamectin-treated group and the reduction was again 100% for both days. The geometric mean fecal egg counts post-treatment were significantly lower than pre-treatment for both A. tubaeforme and T. cati, for both treatments, and for both periods of interest (P < 0.0001). No serious adverse events related to treatment with either product occurred during the study. Thus, both Selamectin alone and the combination product of Selamectin/sarolaner were safe and effective when administered on a monthly basis for the treatment and control of natural infections of A. tubaeforme and T. cati. The addition of sarolaner to the formulation did not interfere with the efficacy of Selamectin against these nematodes.

  • the efficacy of a novel topical formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner revolution plus stronghold plus in preventing the development of dirofilaria immitis in cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tom L Mctier, Vickie L King, Sara Chapin, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, Jady J Rugg, Aleah Pullins, John W Mccall, Adriano F. Vatta
    Abstract:

    Abstract Three controlled studies were conducted to investigate the efficacy of Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) in preventing feline heartworm disease in cats. In all studies, cats were inoculated with 100 Dirofilaria immitis third stage larvae on Day -30. In the first study, cats were treated with Selamectin plus sarolaner as a single dose on Day 0 or as three consecutive monthly doses on Days 0, 28 and 56. In the second and third studies, cats were treated with either sarolaner alone on Day 0, Selamectin plus sarolaner on Day 0 or Selamectin plus sarolaner as three consecutive monthly doses on Days 0, 28 and 56. In all three studies, dosages were 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner or 1 mg/kg sarolaner alone. Control cats were given a placebo containing inert formulation ingredients (vehicle). All treatments were administered at a single site topically to the skin cranial to the scapulae. Cats were humanely euthanized on Day 145/146 (i.e., 175/176 post-inoculation), and adult D. immitis worms were recovered and enumerated. Across the three studies, adult heartworms were recovered from 87 to 100% of control cats, with geometric mean worm counts ranging from 2.1 to 5.4. No adult D. immitis worms were recovered from cats treated with Selamectin plus sarolaner. Cats treated with sarolaner alone were not protected against D. immitis infection, showing geometric mean worm counts of 1.9 to 2.4. In these studies, Selamectin (6 mg/kg) plus sarolaner (1 mg/kg) was 100% effective in preventing heartworm development in cats when administered topically as one dose 30 days after inoculation or as three consecutive monthly doses starting 30 days post-inoculation. These studies demonstrated that a single topical administration of Selamectin plus sarolaner at the recommended dosage was completely effective in preventing the development of D. immitis in cats.

  • efficacy of a new topical formulation containing Selamectin plus sarolaner against three common tick species infesting cats in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Sara Chapin, Marcela Von Reitzenstein, David R Young, Susan J Holzmer, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    Abstract The efficacy of a single topical application of a combination product containing Selamectin and sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution ® Plus/Stronghold ® Plus) was evaluated in seven laboratory studies against Ixodes scapularis (three studies), Dermacentor variabilis (two studies), or Amblyomma maculatum (two studies). In each study, cats were randomly allocated to treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. On Days -2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33, the cats were infested with unfed adult ticks. On Day 0, cats were treated with either a placebo (vehicle control) or with the spot-on solution at the minimum dose of 6.0 mg Selamectin and 1.0 mg sarolaner/kg bodyweight. In one study with I. scapularis and one with D. variabilis an additional group of cats was treated with Selamectin alone (Revolution ® , Zoetis) at 6.0 mg/kg bodyweight. Tick counts were conducted after treatment and after each weekly re-infestation and efficacy determined relative to placebo-treated animals. There were no treatment-related adverse reactions in any of the studies. Geometric mean live tick counts were significantly ( P 90% efficacy against existing infestations based on geometric means. Efficacy against weekly re-infestations was >90% based on geometric means for at least 5 weeks for I. scapularis and D. variabilis , and for at least 4 weeks against A. maculatum . Selamectin alone had no efficacy against I. scapularis , where counts on Selamectin-treated cats were not significantly different from placebo at all time points ( P  > 0.05), and for D. variabilis , counts were not significantly different from placebo at 2, 3 and 5 weeks after treatment (P > 0.05) and efficacy was never greater than 85%. Thus, the activity of the sarolaner against three common tick species found on cats in the US is complementary to the existing broad-spectrum parasite control of Selamectin. The inclusion of sarolaner with Selamectin in a combination product (Revolution ® Plus/Stronghold ® Plus) provides for the treatment of existing tick infestations and gives at least one month of control against re-infestation following a single topical application.

  • efficacy and safety of a combination of Selamectin plus sarolaner for the treatment and prevention of flea infestations and the treatment of ear mites in cats presented as veterinary patients in the united states
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, Sara Chapin, Melanie R Myers, Jady J Rugg, Aleah Pullins, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two randomised, single-masked, multi-center field studies were conducted in the United States in cats presented as veterinary patients. The first study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a topically applied formulation of Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus, Zoetis) against natural flea infestations; the second study evaluated its efficacy against natural ear mite infestations. The product was administered topically by the cats’ owners at the dose range provided in the market product of 6.0–12.0 mg Selamectin and 1.0–2.0 mg sarolaner per kg bodyweight. Imidacloprid plus moxidectin (Advantage® Multi for Cats, Bayer) was used as a positive control in both studies at the label dosage. In the flea study, treatments were administered on Days 0, 30, and 60. Efficacy was calculated based on the mean percent reduction of live flea counts on Days 30, 60, and 90 relative to the pre-treatment count. In the ear mite study, a single treatment was applied on Day 0 and efficacy was determined on Days 14 and 30 based on the presence or absence of ear mites. In both studies, patients were randomly allocated to treatments in the ratio of 2:1, Selamectin plus sarolaner: imidacloprid plus moxidectin. In the two studies, 405 cats received treatment with Selamectin plus sarolaner; of these, 256 cats received three monthly treatments in the flea study. There were no serious adverse reactions to treatment with Selamectin plus sarolaner; health issues noted were typical of the normal ailments or minor traumatic injuries expected in the general cat population and were similar in both treatment groups. Efficacy against fleas based on geometric (arithmetic) means was 97.2% (95.9%), 99.5% (99.4%), and 99.8% (99.8%) in the Selamectin plus sarolaner group and was 79.7% (70.5%), 91.4% (77.3%), and 95.5% (87.4%) in the imidacloprid plus moxidectin group on Days 30, 60, and 90, respectively. Flea counts for the Selamectin plus sarolaner group were significantly lower than the counts for the imidacloprid plus moxidectin group at all time-points after treatment administration on Day 0 (P  In the ear mite study, a single application of Selamectin plus sarolaner resulted in the clearance of mites from 87.5% of cats within 14 days and 94.4% of cats within 30 days of treatment. The respective percentages of mite-free cats in the imidacloprid plus moxidectin group were 64.0% and 72.0%. There were significantly more cats with no mites noted in the Selamectin plus sarolaner group than in the imidacloprid plus moxidectin group on Day 14 and Day 30 (P ≤  0.018). Selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) administered topically at monthly intervals for three months was well tolerated and highly effective for the treatment and prevention of natural infestations of fleas on cats presented as veterinary patients. Clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis improved in affected cats following treatment administration. A single topical treatment was also safe and highly effective for the treatment of ear mite infestations in naturally infested cats.

  • The speed of kill of a topical combination of Selamectin plus sarolaner against induced infestations of Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Adriano F. Vatta, Vickie L King, William R. Everett, Judith A Cherni, Douglas Rugg
    Abstract:

    : The speed of kill of a novel, topical product containing Selamectin in combination with sarolaner (Selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution® Plus/Stronghold® Plus) was evaluated against Ixodes scapularis ticks on cats. Sixteen cats were randomly allocated to a treatment group and treated topically on Day 0 with either placebo (vehicle control) or 6 mg/kg Selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner. Cats were infested with approximately 50 unfed viable adult I. scapularis ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Efficacy was assessed at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment on Day 0 and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after post-treatment re-infestations. There were no adverse reactions to the topical treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner. Placebo-treated cats maintained tick infestations throughout the study. Treatment with Selamectin/sarolaner significantly reduced tick counts within 12 h (P 

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  • efficacy of Selamectin in the treatment and control of clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis in dogs and cats experimentally infested with fleas
    Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association, 2003
    Co-Authors: Sandy K Dickin, Tom L Mctier, Nigel A Evans, Ian S Mason, Mark Paynejohnson, Antoinette D Jernigan, David G Smith, Martin Murphy, Ross Bond, T G Rowan
    Abstract:

    Objective—To determine whether treatment with Selamectin would reduce clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in dogs and cats housed in flea-infested environments. Design—Randomized controlled trial. Animals—22 dogs and 17 cats confirmed to have FAD. Procedure—Animals were housed in carpeted pens capable of supporting the flea life cycle and infested with 100 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) on days –13 and –2 and on alternate weeks with 10 to 20 fleas. On day 0, 11 dogs and 8 cats were treated with Selamectin (6 mg/kg [2.7 mg/lb]). Dogs were retreated on day 30; cats were retreated on days 30 and 60. All animals were examined periodically for clinical signs of FAD. Flea counts were conducted at weekly intervals. Results—Throughout the study, geometric mean flea counts exceeded 100 for control animals and were ≤ 11 for Selamectin-treated animals. Selamectin-treated cats had significant improvements in the severity of miliary lesions and scaling or crusting on days 42 and 84, compared with conditions...

  • pharmacokinetics of Selamectin following intravenous oral and topical administration in cats and dogs
    Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2002
    Co-Authors: P Sarasola, Antoinette D Jernigan, J Castledine, D. G. Smith, D.k. Walker, T G Rowan
    Abstract:

    Pharmacokinetics of Selamectin following intravenous, oral and topical administration in cats and dogs. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.24, 265–272. The pharmacokinetics of Selamectin were evaluated in cats and dogs, following intravenous (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg), topical (24 mg/kg) and oral (24 mg/kg) administration. Following Selamectin administration, serial blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After intravenous administration of Selamectin to cats and dogs, the mean maximum plasma concentrations and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) were linearly related to the dose, and mean systemic clearance (Clb) and steady-state volume of distribution (Vd(ss)) were independent of dose. Plasma concentrations after intravenous administration declined polyexponentially in cats and biphasically in dogs, with mean terminal phase half-lives (t½) of approximately 69 h in cats and 14 h in dogs. In cats, overall Clb was 0.470 ± 0.039 mL/min/kg (±SD) and overall Vd(ss) was 2.19 ± 0.05 L/kg, compared with values of 1.18 ± 0.31 mL/min/kg and 1.24 ± 0.26 L/kg, respectively, in dogs. After topical administration, the mean Cmax in cats was 5513 ± 2173 ng/mL reached at a time (Tmax) of 15 ± 12 h postadministration; in dogs, Cmax was 86.5 ± 34.0 ng/mL at Tmax of 72 ± 48 h. Bioavailability was 74% in cats and 4.4% in dogs. Following oral administration to cats, mean Cmax was 11929 ± 5922 ng/mL at Tmax of 7 ± 6 h and bioavailability was 109%. In dogs, mean Cmax was 7630 ± 3140 ng/mL at Tmax of 8 ± 5 h and bioavailability was 62%. There were no Selamectin-related adverse effects and no sex differences in pharmacokinetic parameters. Linearity was established in cats and dogs for plasma concentrations up to 874 and 636 ng/mL, respectively. Pharmacokinetic evaluations for Selamectin following intravenous administration indicated a slower elimination from the central compartment in cats than in dogs. This was reflected in slower clearance and longer t½ in cats, probably as a result of species-related differences in metabolism and excretion. Inter-species differences in pharmacokinetic profiles were also observed following topical administration where differences in transdermal flux rates may have contributed to the overall differences in systemic bioavailability.

  • evaluation of the comparative efficacy of Selamectin against flea ctenocephalides felis felis infestations on dogs and cats in simulated home environments
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Larry K Ritzhaupt, M G Murphy, T G Rowan, V C Cracknell, R.l. Jones, D J Shanks
    Abstract:

    Abstract The comparative efficacy of monthly administration of Selamectin or lufenuron against Ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs and cats was evaluated over a 5-month period in flea-infested environments. Twenty-four dogs and 32 cats were randomly allocated to receiving a topical treatment with Selamectin or an oral administration of tablets containing lufenuron/milbemycin oxime (for dogs) or lufenuron only (for cats). Each product was administered in accordance with the manufacturer’s label recommendations. Eight dogs and four cats served as untreated sentinels. Treatments were administered on days 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120. Each animal received an application of 100 fleas on days −28 and −21, and then weekly applications of 20 fleas from days 91 through 147. Flea comb counts were performed on day −6, and every 2 weeks after day 0. From day 29 (dogs) or day 44 (cats) to day 150, geometric mean flea counts for Selamectin were ≤0.4. Mean flea counts for animals assigned to treatment with Selamectin were significantly lower ( P =0.0001) than for animals assigned to treatment with lufenuron at all assessments after day 0.

  • efficacy of Selamectin against experimentally induced and naturally acquired infections of toxocara cati and ancylostoma tubaeforme in cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Tom L Mctier, J A Wren, D J Shanks, G Pengo, T G Rowan, Clark D Smothers, John W Mccall, Dwight D Bowman, Antoinette D Jernigan
    Abstract:

    Abstract The efficacy of Selamectin against experimentally induced and naturally acquired infections of adult ascarids (Toxocara cati) and adult hookworms (Ancylostoma tubaeforme) was evaluated in five controlled studies in cats. Two studies evaluated the efficacy of Selamectin against both ascarid (natural or induced) and hookworm (induced) infections; two studies evaluated the efficacy of Selamectin against single natural infections of T. cati or A. tubaeforme; and the fifth study evaluated the efficacy of Selamectin against induced infections of A. tubaeforme. Cats received Selamectin topically in unit doses designed to deliver a minimum of 6 mg kg−1. Treatments were applied to the skin on each animal’s back at the base of the neck in front of the scapulae. For experimentally induced infections, cats were inoculated orally with approximately 500 embryonated eggs of T. cati 56 days prior to treatment and/or approximately 150–250 larvae (L3) of A. tubaeforme 30 or 42 days prior to treatment. For both induced and naturally acquired infections, cats were allocated randomly to treatments (6–12 cats per treatment) on the basis of fecal egg counts to receive either Selamectin or a vehicle containing the inert formulation ingredients. In all studies, adult worm counts were performed at necropsy 14 days after the last treatment administration. Against T. cati, a single application of Selamectin provided a 100% reduction in the geometric mean number of adult worms for both experimentally induced and naturally acquired infections. Against A. tubaeforme, a single administration of Selamectin provided a 99.4% reduction in the geometric mean number of adult worms in cats with natural infections, and an 84.7–99.7% reduction in adult worms in cats with induced infections. Two doses of Selamectin administered at monthly intervals provided a 91.9% reduction in the geometric mean number of adult A. tubaeforme worms in cats with experimentally induced infections. The geometric mean numbers of adult worms (T. cati and A. tubaeforme) from Selamectin-treated cats were significantly (P≤0.0018) lower than for vehicle-treated cats in all studies. Thus, a single topical unit dosage providing a minimum dosage of 6 mg kg−1 Selamectin was highly effective in the treatment of naturally acquired and experimentally induced infections of T. cati and A. tubaeforme in cats.

  • the efficacy of Selamectin in the treatment of naturally acquired infestations of sarcoptes scabiei on dogs
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2000
    Co-Authors: D J Shanks, M S Holbert, G Pengo, Tom L Mctier, Antoinette D Jernigan, Scott Behan, D. G. Smith, Dwight D Bowman, T G Rowan
    Abstract:

    Abstract Selamectin, a novel avermectin, was evaluated for its effect on naturally occurring infestations of Sarcoptes scabiei in 42 dogs. In two controlled and masked laboratory studies conducted in the USA and Italy, infested dogs received treatment with either Selamectin (6 mg kg−1; range: 6–12 mg kg−1) or the vehicle only (negative control). Treatments were administered topically to the skin on each animal’s back at the base of the neck in front of the scapulae. Study day 0 was defined as the first day of treatment administration. Dogs were treated on days 0 and 30, and efficacy was assessed by counting viable mites recovered from skin scrapings performed on each dog on days 14, 29 or 30, 44, and 60, and by categorising the clinical signs of canine scabies on the same days. Percentage reductions in geometric mean mite counts for Selamectin, compared with vehicle, on days 14, 29 or 30, 44, and 60 were ≥98.1, ≥93.5, 100, and 100%, respectively. Analysis of variance, confirmed by Savage Scores, showed that ln(mite counts+1) values for Selamectin-treated dogs were significantly lower (P≤0.0391) than those for vehicle-treated dogs on all post-treatment assessment days. Clinical signs of scabies were markedly reduced in Selamectin-treated dogs, compared with vehicle-treated dogs. Topical administration to the skin in a single spot of a single unit dose of Selamectin, or of two unit doses given 1 month apart, each providing at least the recommended minimum dosage of 6 mg kg−1, was highly effective against naturally acquired infestations of S. scabiei in dogs, reducing mite counts by >93% (single dose) and 100% (two doses).

Antoinette D Jernigan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy of Selamectin in the treatment and control of clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis in dogs and cats experimentally infested with fleas
    Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association, 2003
    Co-Authors: Sandy K Dickin, Tom L Mctier, Nigel A Evans, Ian S Mason, Mark Paynejohnson, Antoinette D Jernigan, David G Smith, Martin Murphy, Ross Bond, T G Rowan
    Abstract:

    Objective—To determine whether treatment with Selamectin would reduce clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in dogs and cats housed in flea-infested environments. Design—Randomized controlled trial. Animals—22 dogs and 17 cats confirmed to have FAD. Procedure—Animals were housed in carpeted pens capable of supporting the flea life cycle and infested with 100 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) on days –13 and –2 and on alternate weeks with 10 to 20 fleas. On day 0, 11 dogs and 8 cats were treated with Selamectin (6 mg/kg [2.7 mg/lb]). Dogs were retreated on day 30; cats were retreated on days 30 and 60. All animals were examined periodically for clinical signs of FAD. Flea counts were conducted at weekly intervals. Results—Throughout the study, geometric mean flea counts exceeded 100 for control animals and were ≤ 11 for Selamectin-treated animals. Selamectin-treated cats had significant improvements in the severity of miliary lesions and scaling or crusting on days 42 and 84, compared with conditions...

  • pharmacokinetics of Selamectin following intravenous oral and topical administration in cats and dogs
    Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2002
    Co-Authors: P Sarasola, Antoinette D Jernigan, J Castledine, D. G. Smith, D.k. Walker, T G Rowan
    Abstract:

    Pharmacokinetics of Selamectin following intravenous, oral and topical administration in cats and dogs. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.24, 265–272. The pharmacokinetics of Selamectin were evaluated in cats and dogs, following intravenous (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg), topical (24 mg/kg) and oral (24 mg/kg) administration. Following Selamectin administration, serial blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After intravenous administration of Selamectin to cats and dogs, the mean maximum plasma concentrations and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) were linearly related to the dose, and mean systemic clearance (Clb) and steady-state volume of distribution (Vd(ss)) were independent of dose. Plasma concentrations after intravenous administration declined polyexponentially in cats and biphasically in dogs, with mean terminal phase half-lives (t½) of approximately 69 h in cats and 14 h in dogs. In cats, overall Clb was 0.470 ± 0.039 mL/min/kg (±SD) and overall Vd(ss) was 2.19 ± 0.05 L/kg, compared with values of 1.18 ± 0.31 mL/min/kg and 1.24 ± 0.26 L/kg, respectively, in dogs. After topical administration, the mean Cmax in cats was 5513 ± 2173 ng/mL reached at a time (Tmax) of 15 ± 12 h postadministration; in dogs, Cmax was 86.5 ± 34.0 ng/mL at Tmax of 72 ± 48 h. Bioavailability was 74% in cats and 4.4% in dogs. Following oral administration to cats, mean Cmax was 11929 ± 5922 ng/mL at Tmax of 7 ± 6 h and bioavailability was 109%. In dogs, mean Cmax was 7630 ± 3140 ng/mL at Tmax of 8 ± 5 h and bioavailability was 62%. There were no Selamectin-related adverse effects and no sex differences in pharmacokinetic parameters. Linearity was established in cats and dogs for plasma concentrations up to 874 and 636 ng/mL, respectively. Pharmacokinetic evaluations for Selamectin following intravenous administration indicated a slower elimination from the central compartment in cats than in dogs. This was reflected in slower clearance and longer t½ in cats, probably as a result of species-related differences in metabolism and excretion. Inter-species differences in pharmacokinetic profiles were also observed following topical administration where differences in transdermal flux rates may have contributed to the overall differences in systemic bioavailability.

  • efficacy and safety of Selamectin against sarcoptes scabiei on dogs and otodectes cynotis on dogs and cats presented as veterinary patients
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2000
    Co-Authors: R G Clemence, T G Rowan, C A Thomas, P J M Clements, H A Benchaoui, Scott Behan, P. Watson, Antoinette D Jernigan
    Abstract:

    A series of randomized, controlled and masked field studies was conducted in veterinary patients to evaluate the efficacy of Selamectin, a novel avermectin, in the treatment of naturally occurring Sarcoptes scabiei infestations on dogs and Otodectes cynotis infestations on dogs and cats. A total of 342 dogs and 237 cats participated in these studies, which were conducted at 40 veterinary practices in the USA and Europe. Animals were randomly assigned to treatment with Selamectin or a positive-control product (existing approved products). Selamectin was administered as a unit dose providing a minimum of 6mgkg(-1) (range: 6-12mgkg(-1)) in a topical preparation applied to the skin in a single spot on day 0 (O. cynotis in cats, n=144), or on days 0 and 30 (O. cynotis and S. scabiei in dogs, n=83 and n=122, respectively). The presence of parasites was assessed before treatment and at 30 days (for all studies) and 60 days (for O. cynotis and S. scabiei dog studies) after first treatment. The animals were also evaluated clinically at each assessment period. Based on skin scrapings, the efficacy of Selamectin against S. scabiei infestations on dogs was >95% by day 30, and 100% by day 60. Against O. cynotis, Selamectin eliminated mites in 94-100% of cats by day 30, and in 90% of dogs by day 60. The positive-control products achieved similar results. Thus, Selamectin was safe and effective against ear mites in dogs and cats and sarcoptic mange in dogs when used in field (veterinary patient) studies in dogs and cats of a wide variety of ages and breeds.

  • evaluation of the effects of Selamectin against adult and immature stages of fleas ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs and cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Tom L Mctier, M S Holbert, M G Murphy, D J Shanks, T G Rowan, Antoinette D Jernigan, D. G. Smith, C Wang, R.l. Jones, Byron L Blagburn
    Abstract:

    Abstract The adulticidal, ovicidal, and larvicidal effects of Selamectin against flea ( Ctenocephalides felis felis ) infestations on dogs and cats were evaluated in a series of seven controlled and masked studies (three in cats, four in dogs). Animals were randomly allocated to treatment with either Selamectin at a minimum dosage of 6 mg kg −1 in the commercial formulation or one of two negative-controls (0.9% NaCl solution or the vehicle from the commercial formulation). Treatments were administered topically in a single spot on the skin at the base of the neck in front of the scapulae. Speed of kill, measured by flea comb counts at 12 h intervals during the 48 h immediately following a single treatment on day 0, was evaluated in two studies. One study was in dogs and the other in cats, and each animal was infested with approximately 100 unfed viable adult fleas prior to treatment. Reductions in geometric mean flea counts for Selamectin compared with saline were >98% between 24 and 36 h after treatment in dogs, and between 12 and 24 h after treatment in cats ( P ≤0.0006). Efficacy in reducing flea egg hatch and larval development was evaluated in four studies, in which dogs and cats were treated once on day 0 and then repeatedly infested with approximately 600 fleas. Flea eggs were collected approximately for 72 h after each infestation, on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 30, counted, and cultured to determine their hatchability and subsequent larval development. Compared with the vehicle, Selamectin was highly effective in reducing flea egg hatch (>92% in cats) and larval development (≥95% for dogs and cats), and emergence of adults (97.8–100% for dogs, 85.6–100% for cats) for 30 days. Effects of exposure to hair coat debris were investigated in a study with dogs treated once on day 0 and repeatedly infested with 100 adult fleas. Debris (dander, flea faeces, hair, scales) was collected on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 30 and added to normal flea eggs or larvae for incubation. Compared with debris from vehicle-treated dogs, debris from Selamectin-treated dogs was highly effective in preventing egg hatch (>96%), in killing larvae (>98%) and in preventing larval development to adults (>99%) ( P ≤0.0033). Selamectin was shown to be highly effective in the treatment and control of flea infestations ( C. felis ) on dogs and cats. The adulticidal, ovicidal, and larvicidal effects of Selamectin will be important in interrupting the flea life cycle by preventing the introduction and establishment of new flea infestations in a household environment.

  • safety of Selamectin in cats
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2000
    Co-Authors: M J Krautmann, T G Rowan, M J Novotny, C S Godin, E I Evans, K De Keulenaer, John W Mccall, C Wang, Antoinette D Jernigan
    Abstract:

    Abstract The safety of the avermectin, Selamectin, was evaluated for topical use on the skin of cats of age six weeks and above, including reproducing cats and cats infected with adult heartworms. All studies used healthy cats. Acute safety was evaluated in domestic cross-bred cats. Margin of safety was evaluated in domestic-shorthaired cats, starting at six weeks of age. Reproductive, heartworm-infected, and oral safety studies were conducted in adult, domestic-shorthaired cats. Studies were designed to measure the safety of Selamectin at the recommended dosage range of 6–12 mg kg −1 of body weight. Assessments included clinical, biochemical, pathologic, and reproductive indices. Selected variables in the margin of safety study and the reproductive studies were subjected to statistical analyses by using a mixed linear model. Cats received large doses of Selamectin at the beginning of the margin of safety study when they were six weeks of age and at their lowest body weight, yet displayed no clinical or pathologic evidence of toxicosis. Similarly, Selamectin had no adverse effect on reproduction in adult male and female cats. There were no adverse effects in heartworm-infected cats. Oral administration of the topical formulation, which might occur accidentally, caused mild, intermittent, self-limiting salivation and vomiting. Selamectin is a broad-spectrum avermectin endectocide that is safe for use in cats starting at six weeks of age, including heartworm-infected cats and cats of reproducing age, when administered topically to the skin monthly at the recommended dosage to deliver at least 6 mg kg −1 .

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