The Experts below are selected from a list of 17709 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Warren J Samuels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the role and resolution of the compensation principle in society part one the role
1992Co-Authors: Warren J SamuelsAbstract:In this chapter the compensation problem is explored in the light of radical indeterminacy, Selective Perception and the nature and operation of the legal system. The compensation principle is shown to be functional as psychic balm and legitimation of the institution of property and the basic organisation of society, and not the protection of particular property rights, except Selectively. Conventional legal and economic treatment of compensation issues — for example, the conflicting, conclusionary and tautological taking issue — is thus shown not to reach the fundamentals of the system of property, the legal system and the roles thereof in society.
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the role and resolution of the compensation principle in society part two the resolution
1992Co-Authors: Warren J SamuelsAbstract:The resolution of the compensation problem, especially the determination of when the issue will arise and of which loss, in an inevitable reciprocal loss situation, will go uncompensated is a function of a complex interplay of power, knowledge and psychology variables. In this chapter attention is focused on Selective Perception of injury and of reality, the internal pressures of the legal system and legislative politics, the constrained maximization behaviour and power play of various participants, and so on. Emphasis is on the demand and supply, systemic and micro factors involved in the joint determination of rights, compensation and losses.
Vishal Gupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Selective Perception and group brainstorming an investigation of auditors fraud risk assessment
International Journal of Behavioural Accounting and Finance, 2016Co-Authors: Naman Desai, Vishal GuptaAbstract:The present study examines the impact of two important contextual variables: pressure on management and the available opportunity to indulge in unethical practices (i.e., commit fraud) on auditors' Selective Perceptions and fraud risk assessments. Prior research indicates both advantages as well as disadvantages of group decision-making. Therefore, the second aim of the study is to investigate if Selective Perceptions of individual auditors are exaggerated in group settings. The overall results of our experiments indicate that observed differences in individual decision-makers fraud risk assessments (in response to different levels of pressures and opportunities) were significantly accentuated when they performed group brainstorming. Our findings suggest that group brainstorming, instead of reducing the influence of contextual characteristics on Selective Perception, actually accentuates that effect. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
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Selective Perceptions and group brainstorming an investigation of auditors fraud risk assessment
Research Papers in Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Naman Desai, Vishal GuptaAbstract:Individuals in an organizational context are routinely faced with complex problems that are not well defined and that challenge their cognitive capacities. To deal with such complex issues, decision-makers construct “belief-structures” which in turn create Selective Perceptions about information and events that prevent them from being overwhelmed by the amount and complexity of information. This study examines the impact of two important contextual variables; pressures and opportunities on auditors’ Selective Perceptions and fraud risk assessments. Research suggests that a situation relevant concept, norm, perspective, or cognitive process that is shared by a majority of the group members, will be exaggerated in a group setting where groups are trying to accomplish a task that does not have a normatively/demonstrably correct answer. In an audit setting, typically there are no normatively correct answers related to the weighting of different levels of pressures and opportunities while assessing fraud risk. Therefore we also examine how individual auditors’ Selective Perceptions affect group decisions. The results indicate that observed differences in individual auditors fraud risk assessments were significantly accentuated during group brainstorming. Thus, our findings suggest that, group brainstorming instead of reducing the influence of contextual characteristics on Selective Perception, actually accentuates that effect.
Naman Desai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Selective Perception and group brainstorming an investigation of auditors fraud risk assessment
International Journal of Behavioural Accounting and Finance, 2016Co-Authors: Naman Desai, Vishal GuptaAbstract:The present study examines the impact of two important contextual variables: pressure on management and the available opportunity to indulge in unethical practices (i.e., commit fraud) on auditors' Selective Perceptions and fraud risk assessments. Prior research indicates both advantages as well as disadvantages of group decision-making. Therefore, the second aim of the study is to investigate if Selective Perceptions of individual auditors are exaggerated in group settings. The overall results of our experiments indicate that observed differences in individual decision-makers fraud risk assessments (in response to different levels of pressures and opportunities) were significantly accentuated when they performed group brainstorming. Our findings suggest that group brainstorming, instead of reducing the influence of contextual characteristics on Selective Perception, actually accentuates that effect. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
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Selective Perceptions and group brainstorming an investigation of auditors fraud risk assessment
Research Papers in Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Naman Desai, Vishal GuptaAbstract:Individuals in an organizational context are routinely faced with complex problems that are not well defined and that challenge their cognitive capacities. To deal with such complex issues, decision-makers construct “belief-structures” which in turn create Selective Perceptions about information and events that prevent them from being overwhelmed by the amount and complexity of information. This study examines the impact of two important contextual variables; pressures and opportunities on auditors’ Selective Perceptions and fraud risk assessments. Research suggests that a situation relevant concept, norm, perspective, or cognitive process that is shared by a majority of the group members, will be exaggerated in a group setting where groups are trying to accomplish a task that does not have a normatively/demonstrably correct answer. In an audit setting, typically there are no normatively correct answers related to the weighting of different levels of pressures and opportunities while assessing fraud risk. Therefore we also examine how individual auditors’ Selective Perceptions affect group decisions. The results indicate that observed differences in individual auditors fraud risk assessments were significantly accentuated during group brainstorming. Thus, our findings suggest that, group brainstorming instead of reducing the influence of contextual characteristics on Selective Perception, actually accentuates that effect.
Arun Rai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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escalation the role of problem recognition and cognitive bias
Decision Sciences, 2007Co-Authors: Mark Keil, Gordon Depledge, Arun RaiAbstract:Escalation of commitment to a failing course of action is an enduring problem that remains central to the study of managerial behavior. Prior research suggests that escalation behavior results when decision makers choose to ignore negative feedback concerning the viability of a previously chosen course of action. Previous work has also suggested that certain cognitive biases might promote escalation behavior, but there has been little attempt to explore how biases other than framing affect escalation. In this article, we explore the extent to which decision makers actually perceive negative feedback as indicative of a problem and how this influences their decision to escalate. Although problem recognition and cognitive biases have been intensively studied individually, little is known about their effect on escalation behavior. In this research, we construct and test an escalation decision model that incorporates both problem recognition and two cognitive biases: Selective Perception and illusion of control. Our results revealed a significant inverse relationship between problem recognition and escalation. Furthermore, Selective Perception and illusion of control were found to significantly affect both problem recognition and escalation. The implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed. To improve problem recognition and reduce the incidence of escalation, practicing managers should implement modern project management practices that can help to identify and highlight potential problems while guarding against these two key cognitive biases that promote the behavior.
Hulya Yalcin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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visual processing and classification of items on a moving conveyor a Selective Perception approach
Robotics and Computer-integrated Manufacturing, 2002Co-Authors: Isil H Bozma, Hulya YalcinAbstract:Abstract Many industrial applications require some sort of automated visual processing and classification of items placed on a moving conveyor. In this paper, we present a Selective Perception based approach to visual processing. The novelty of this approach is that instead of processing the whole image, only areas that are deemed ‘‘interesting’’ and hence calling for attention are analyzed. The attentional sequences thus constructed can then be used for a variety of tasks including shape determination. Since only a small portion of the whole image is processed, visual processing can be real-time and flexible without requiring special hardware. Two different applications based on this approach are described. In a defective item detection task, we explain in detail how attentional sequences can be used. As a second application, the approach has been implemented in an automated remote controller sorter in a TV manufacturing plant—thus confirming its practical applicability.