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Lara A. Boyd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The influence of an acute bout of moderate-intensity cycling exercise on Sensorimotor Integration.
The European journal of neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Cameron S. Mang, Briana Chau, Larissa K. Chiu, Beatrice A. Francisco, William R. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Acute cycling exercise can modulate motor cortical circuitry in the non-exercised upper-limb. Within the primary motor cortex, measures of intracortical inhibition are reduced and intracortical facilitation is enhanced following acute exercise. Further, acute cycling exercise decreases interhemispheric inhibition between the motor cortices and lowers cerebellar-to-motor cortex inhibition. Yet, investigations into the effects of acute exercise on Sensorimotor Integration, referring to the transfer of incoming afferent information from the primary somatosensory cortex to motor cortex, are lacking. The current work addresses this gap in knowledge with two experimental sessions. In the first session, we tested the exercise-induced changes in somatosensory and motor excitability by assessing somatosensory (SEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs). In the second session, we explored the effects of acute cycling exercise on short- (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), and afferent facilitation. In both experimental sessions, neurophysiological measures were obtained from the non-exercised upper-limb muscle, tested at two time points pre-exercise separated by a 25-min period of rest. Next, a 25-min bout of moderate-intensity lower-limb cycling was performed with measures assessed at two time points post-exercise. Acute lower-limb cycling increased LAI, without modulation of SAI or afferent facilitation. Further, there were no exercise-induced changes to SEP or MEP amplitudes. Together, these results suggest that acute exercise has unique effects on Sensorimotor Integration, which are not accompanied by concurrent changes in somatosensory or motor cortical excitability.
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Sensorimotor Integration in healthy aging: Baseline differences and response to sensory training.
Experimental gerontology, 2018Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Samantha Feldman, W.r. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Sensorimotor Integration is the process through which somatosensory information is incorporated to inform motor output. Given its important behavioural implications, understanding the influence of healthy aging on the underlying neurophysiology of Sensorimotor Integration and whether it is modifiable through intervention is important. The aims of the current work were to: 1) profile aging-related differences in Sensorimotor Integration, and 2) to determine if Sensorimotor Integration in older adults can be modulated in response to sensory training. A group of older healthy individuals and younger healthy individuals participated in two experimental sessions. First, baseline neurophysiology of Sensorimotor Integration was assessed. Short-latency afferent inhibition, afferent facilitation, and long-latency afferent inhibition provided nerve-based assessment of Sensorimotor Integration. Vibration-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration combined vibration of abductor pollicis brevis with single and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques. In the second experimental session, a 15-min block of sensory training designed to modulate Sensorimotor Integration preceded the same neurophysiological assessment. Results indicate that there are aging-related differences in nerve-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration, specifically short- and long-latency afferent inhibition. In contrast, there are not aging-related differences when peripheral muscle belly vibration is used to probe Sensorimotor Integration. Following sensory training there is a reduction in the cortical response to vibration. These results suggest that there is differential aging-related modulation of Sensorimotor Integration, based on the type of afferent information. Additionally, Sensorimotor Integration is modifiable with a single session of sensory training, and this ability for neuroplastic change is retained with healthy aging.
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Sensorimotor Integration in chronic stroke: Baseline differences and response to sensory training.
Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Samantha Feldman, W.r. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Background The Integration of somatosensory information from the environment into the motor cortex to inform movement is essential for motor function. As motor deficits commonly persist into the chronic phase of stroke recovery, it is important to understand potential contributing factors to these deficits, as well as their relationship with motor function. To date the impact of chronic stroke on Sensorimotor Integration has not been thoroughly investigated. Objectives The current study aimed to comprehensively examine the influence of chronic stroke on Sensorimotor Integration, and determine whether Sensorimotor Integration can be modified with an intervention. Further, it determined the relationship between neurophysiological measures of Sensorimotor Integration and motor deficits post-stroke. Methods Fourteen individuals with chronic stroke and twelve older healthy controls participated. Motor impairment and function were quantified in individuals with chronic stroke. Baseline neurophysiology was assessed using nerve-based measures (short- and long-latency afferent inhibition, afferent facilitation) and vibration-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration, which paired vibration with single and paired-pulse TMS techniques. Neurophysiological assessment was performed before and after a vibration-based sensory training paradigm to assess changes within these circuits. Results Vibration-based, but not nerve-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration were different in individuals with chronic stroke, as compared to older healthy controls, suggesting that stroke differentially impacts Integration of specific types of somatosensory information. Sensorimotor Integration was behaviourally relevant in that it related to both motor function and impairment post-stroke. Finally, sensory training modulated Sensorimotor Integration in individuals with chronic stroke and controls. Conclusion Sensorimotor Integration is differentially impacted by chronic stroke based on the type of afferent feedback. However, both nerve-based and vibration-based measures relate to motor impairment and function in individuals with chronic stroke.
Katlyn E. Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The influence of an acute bout of moderate-intensity cycling exercise on Sensorimotor Integration.
The European journal of neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Cameron S. Mang, Briana Chau, Larissa K. Chiu, Beatrice A. Francisco, William R. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Acute cycling exercise can modulate motor cortical circuitry in the non-exercised upper-limb. Within the primary motor cortex, measures of intracortical inhibition are reduced and intracortical facilitation is enhanced following acute exercise. Further, acute cycling exercise decreases interhemispheric inhibition between the motor cortices and lowers cerebellar-to-motor cortex inhibition. Yet, investigations into the effects of acute exercise on Sensorimotor Integration, referring to the transfer of incoming afferent information from the primary somatosensory cortex to motor cortex, are lacking. The current work addresses this gap in knowledge with two experimental sessions. In the first session, we tested the exercise-induced changes in somatosensory and motor excitability by assessing somatosensory (SEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs). In the second session, we explored the effects of acute cycling exercise on short- (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), and afferent facilitation. In both experimental sessions, neurophysiological measures were obtained from the non-exercised upper-limb muscle, tested at two time points pre-exercise separated by a 25-min period of rest. Next, a 25-min bout of moderate-intensity lower-limb cycling was performed with measures assessed at two time points post-exercise. Acute lower-limb cycling increased LAI, without modulation of SAI or afferent facilitation. Further, there were no exercise-induced changes to SEP or MEP amplitudes. Together, these results suggest that acute exercise has unique effects on Sensorimotor Integration, which are not accompanied by concurrent changes in somatosensory or motor cortical excitability.
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Sensorimotor Integration in healthy aging: Baseline differences and response to sensory training.
Experimental gerontology, 2018Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Samantha Feldman, W.r. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Sensorimotor Integration is the process through which somatosensory information is incorporated to inform motor output. Given its important behavioural implications, understanding the influence of healthy aging on the underlying neurophysiology of Sensorimotor Integration and whether it is modifiable through intervention is important. The aims of the current work were to: 1) profile aging-related differences in Sensorimotor Integration, and 2) to determine if Sensorimotor Integration in older adults can be modulated in response to sensory training. A group of older healthy individuals and younger healthy individuals participated in two experimental sessions. First, baseline neurophysiology of Sensorimotor Integration was assessed. Short-latency afferent inhibition, afferent facilitation, and long-latency afferent inhibition provided nerve-based assessment of Sensorimotor Integration. Vibration-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration combined vibration of abductor pollicis brevis with single and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques. In the second experimental session, a 15-min block of sensory training designed to modulate Sensorimotor Integration preceded the same neurophysiological assessment. Results indicate that there are aging-related differences in nerve-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration, specifically short- and long-latency afferent inhibition. In contrast, there are not aging-related differences when peripheral muscle belly vibration is used to probe Sensorimotor Integration. Following sensory training there is a reduction in the cortical response to vibration. These results suggest that there is differential aging-related modulation of Sensorimotor Integration, based on the type of afferent information. Additionally, Sensorimotor Integration is modifiable with a single session of sensory training, and this ability for neuroplastic change is retained with healthy aging.
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Sensorimotor Integration in chronic stroke: Baseline differences and response to sensory training.
Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Samantha Feldman, W.r. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Background The Integration of somatosensory information from the environment into the motor cortex to inform movement is essential for motor function. As motor deficits commonly persist into the chronic phase of stroke recovery, it is important to understand potential contributing factors to these deficits, as well as their relationship with motor function. To date the impact of chronic stroke on Sensorimotor Integration has not been thoroughly investigated. Objectives The current study aimed to comprehensively examine the influence of chronic stroke on Sensorimotor Integration, and determine whether Sensorimotor Integration can be modified with an intervention. Further, it determined the relationship between neurophysiological measures of Sensorimotor Integration and motor deficits post-stroke. Methods Fourteen individuals with chronic stroke and twelve older healthy controls participated. Motor impairment and function were quantified in individuals with chronic stroke. Baseline neurophysiology was assessed using nerve-based measures (short- and long-latency afferent inhibition, afferent facilitation) and vibration-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration, which paired vibration with single and paired-pulse TMS techniques. Neurophysiological assessment was performed before and after a vibration-based sensory training paradigm to assess changes within these circuits. Results Vibration-based, but not nerve-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration were different in individuals with chronic stroke, as compared to older healthy controls, suggesting that stroke differentially impacts Integration of specific types of somatosensory information. Sensorimotor Integration was behaviourally relevant in that it related to both motor function and impairment post-stroke. Finally, sensory training modulated Sensorimotor Integration in individuals with chronic stroke and controls. Conclusion Sensorimotor Integration is differentially impacted by chronic stroke based on the type of afferent feedback. However, both nerve-based and vibration-based measures relate to motor impairment and function in individuals with chronic stroke.
Cristian Pasluosta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neuromuscular adaptations and Sensorimotor Integration following a unilateral transfemoral amputation
Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 2019Co-Authors: Claudia Ramos Claret, Georg W Herget, Lukas Kouba, Daniel Wiest, Jochen Adler, Vinzenz Von Tscharner, Thomas Stieglitz, Cristian PasluostaAbstract:Following an amputation, the human postural control system develops neuromuscular adaptations to regain an effective postural control. We investigated the compensatory mechanisms behind these adaptations and how Sensorimotor Integration is affected after a lower-limb transfemoral amputation. Center of pressure (CoP) data of 12 unilateral transfemoral amputees and 12 age-matched able-bodied subjects were recorded during quiet standing with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC). CoP adjustments under each leg were recorded to study their contribution to posture control. The spatial structure of the CoP displacements was characterized by measuring the mean distance, the mean velocity of the CoP adjustments, and the sway area. The Entropic Half-Life (EnHL) quantifies the temporal structure of the CoP adjustments and was used to infer disrupted sensory feedback loops in amputees. We expanded the analysis with measures of weight-bearing imbalance and asymmetry, and with two standardized balance assessments, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up-and-Go (TUG). There was no difference in the EnHL values of amputees and controls when combining the contributions of both limbs (p = 0.754). However, amputees presented significant differences between the EnHL values of the intact and prosthetic limb (p < 0.001). Suppressing vision reduced the EnHL values of the intact (p = 0.001) and both legs (p = 0.028), but not in controls. Vision feedback in amputees also had a significant effect (increase) on the mean CoP distance (p < 0.001), CoP velocity (p < 0.001) and sway area (p = 0.007). Amputees presented an asymmetrical stance. The EnHL values of the intact limb in amputees were positively correlated to the BBS scores (EO: ρ = 0.43, EC: ρ = 0.44) and negatively correlated to the TUG times (EO: ρ = − 0.59, EC: ρ = − 0.69). These results suggest that besides the asymmetry in load distribution, there exist neuromuscular adaptations after an amputation, possibly related to the loss of sensory feedback and an altered Sensorimotor Integration. The EnHL values suggest that the somatosensory system predominates in the control of the intact leg. Further, suppressing the visual system caused instability in amputees, but had a minimal impact on the CoP dynamics of controls. These findings points toward the importance of providing somatosensory feedback in lower-limb prosthesis to reestablish a normal postural control. DRKS00015254 , registered on September 20th, 2018.
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Neuromuscular adaptations and Sensorimotor Integration following a unilateral transfemoral amputation
Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2019Co-Authors: Claudia Ramos Claret, Georg W Herget, Lukas Kouba, Daniel Wiest, Jochen Adler, Vinzenz Von Tscharner, Thomas Stieglitz, Cristian PasluostaAbstract:Following an amputation, the human postural control system develops neuromuscular adaptations to regain an effective postural control. We investigated the compensatory mechanisms behind these adaptations and how Sensorimotor Integration is affected after a lower-limb transfemoral amputation. Center of pressure (CoP) data of 12 unilateral transfemoral amputees and 12 age-matched able-bodied subjects were recorded during quiet standing with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC). CoP adjustments under each leg were recorded to study their contribution to posture control. The spatial structure of the CoP displacements was characterized by measuring the mean distance, the mean velocity of the CoP adjustments, and the sway area. The Entropic Half-Life (EnHL) quantifies the temporal structure of the CoP adjustments and was used to infer disrupted sensory feedback loops in amputees. We expanded the analysis with measures of weight-bearing imbalance and asymmetry, and with two standardized balance assessments, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up-and-Go (TUG). There was no difference in the EnHL values of amputees and controls when combining the contributions of both limbs (p = 0.754). However, amputees presented significant differences between the EnHL values of the intact and prosthetic limb (p
Bernadette Murphy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of spinal manipulation in addressing disordered Sensorimotor Integration and altered motor control
Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology, 2012Co-Authors: Heidi Haavik, Bernadette MurphyAbstract:This review provides an overview of some of the growing body of research on the effects of spinal manipulation on sensory processing, motor output, functional performance and Sensorimotor Integration. It describes a body of work using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), transcranial magnetic nerve stimulation, and electromyographic techniques to demonstrate neurophysiological changes following spinal manipulation. This work contributes to the understanding of how an initial episode(s) of back or neck pain may lead to ongoing changes in input from the spine which over time lead to altered Sensorimotor Integration of input from the spine and limbs.
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Altered Sensorimotor Integration With Cervical Spine Manipulation
Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics, 2008Co-Authors: Heidi Haavik Taylor, Bernadette MurphyAbstract:Abstract Objective This study investigates changes in the intrinsic inhibitory and facilitatory interactions within the Sensorimotor cortex subsequent to a single session of cervical spine manipulation using single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols. Method Twelve subjects with a history of reoccurring neck pain participated in this study. Short interval intracortical inhibition, short interval intracortical facilitation (SICF), motor evoked potentials, and cortical silent periods (CSPs) were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis and the extensor indices proprios muscles of the dominant limb after single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation of the contralateral motor cortex. The experimental measures were recorded before and after spinal manipulation of dysfunctional cervical joints, and on a different day after passive head movement. To assess spinal excitability, F wave persistence and amplitudes were recorded after median nerve stimulation at the wrist. Results After cervical manipulations, there was an increase in SICF, a decrease in short interval intracortical inhibition, and a shortening of the CSP in abductor pollicis brevis. The opposite effect was observed in extensor indices proprios, with a decrease in SICF and a lengthening of the CSP. No motor evoked potentials or F wave response alterations were observed, and no changes were observed after the control condition. Conclusion Spinal manipulation of dysfunctional cervical joints may alter specific central corticomotor facilitatory and inhibitory neural processing and cortical motor control of 2 upper limb muscles in a muscle-specific manner. This suggests that spinal manipulation may alter Sensorimotor Integration. These findings may help elucidate mechanisms responsible for the effective relief of pain and restoration of functional ability documented after spinal manipulation.
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cervical spine manipulation alters Sensorimotor Integration a somatosensory evoked potential study
Clinical Neurophysiology, 2007Co-Authors: Heidi Haaviktaylor, Bernadette MurphyAbstract:Abstract Objective To study the immediate Sensorimotor neurophysiological effects of cervical spine manipulation using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). Methods Twelve subjects with a history of reoccurring neck stiffness and/or neck pain, but no acute symptoms at the time of the study were invited to participate in the study. An additional twelve subjects participated in a passive head movement control experiment. Spinal (N11, N13) brainstem (P14) and cortical (N20, N30) SEPs to median nerve stimulation were recorded before and for 30 min after a single session of cervical spine manipulation, or passive head movement. Results There was a significant decrease in the amplitude of parietal N20 and frontal N30 SEP components following the single session of cervical spine manipulation compared to pre-manipulation baseline values. These changes lasted on average 20 min following the manipulation intervention. No changes were observed in the passive head movement control condition. Conclusions Spinal manipulation of dysfunctional cervical joints can lead to transient cortical plastic changes, as demonstrated by attenuation of cortical somatosensory evoked responses. Significance This study suggests that cervical spine manipulation may alter cortical somatosensory processing and Sensorimotor Integration. These findings may help to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the effective relief of pain and restoration of functional ability documented following spinal manipulation treatment.
Jason L. Neva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The influence of an acute bout of moderate-intensity cycling exercise on Sensorimotor Integration.
The European journal of neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Cameron S. Mang, Briana Chau, Larissa K. Chiu, Beatrice A. Francisco, William R. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Acute cycling exercise can modulate motor cortical circuitry in the non-exercised upper-limb. Within the primary motor cortex, measures of intracortical inhibition are reduced and intracortical facilitation is enhanced following acute exercise. Further, acute cycling exercise decreases interhemispheric inhibition between the motor cortices and lowers cerebellar-to-motor cortex inhibition. Yet, investigations into the effects of acute exercise on Sensorimotor Integration, referring to the transfer of incoming afferent information from the primary somatosensory cortex to motor cortex, are lacking. The current work addresses this gap in knowledge with two experimental sessions. In the first session, we tested the exercise-induced changes in somatosensory and motor excitability by assessing somatosensory (SEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs). In the second session, we explored the effects of acute cycling exercise on short- (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), and afferent facilitation. In both experimental sessions, neurophysiological measures were obtained from the non-exercised upper-limb muscle, tested at two time points pre-exercise separated by a 25-min period of rest. Next, a 25-min bout of moderate-intensity lower-limb cycling was performed with measures assessed at two time points post-exercise. Acute lower-limb cycling increased LAI, without modulation of SAI or afferent facilitation. Further, there were no exercise-induced changes to SEP or MEP amplitudes. Together, these results suggest that acute exercise has unique effects on Sensorimotor Integration, which are not accompanied by concurrent changes in somatosensory or motor cortical excitability.
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Sensorimotor Integration in healthy aging: Baseline differences and response to sensory training.
Experimental gerontology, 2018Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Samantha Feldman, W.r. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Sensorimotor Integration is the process through which somatosensory information is incorporated to inform motor output. Given its important behavioural implications, understanding the influence of healthy aging on the underlying neurophysiology of Sensorimotor Integration and whether it is modifiable through intervention is important. The aims of the current work were to: 1) profile aging-related differences in Sensorimotor Integration, and 2) to determine if Sensorimotor Integration in older adults can be modulated in response to sensory training. A group of older healthy individuals and younger healthy individuals participated in two experimental sessions. First, baseline neurophysiology of Sensorimotor Integration was assessed. Short-latency afferent inhibition, afferent facilitation, and long-latency afferent inhibition provided nerve-based assessment of Sensorimotor Integration. Vibration-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration combined vibration of abductor pollicis brevis with single and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques. In the second experimental session, a 15-min block of sensory training designed to modulate Sensorimotor Integration preceded the same neurophysiological assessment. Results indicate that there are aging-related differences in nerve-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration, specifically short- and long-latency afferent inhibition. In contrast, there are not aging-related differences when peripheral muscle belly vibration is used to probe Sensorimotor Integration. Following sensory training there is a reduction in the cortical response to vibration. These results suggest that there is differential aging-related modulation of Sensorimotor Integration, based on the type of afferent information. Additionally, Sensorimotor Integration is modifiable with a single session of sensory training, and this ability for neuroplastic change is retained with healthy aging.
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Sensorimotor Integration in chronic stroke: Baseline differences and response to sensory training.
Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Katlyn E. Brown, Jason L. Neva, Samantha Feldman, W.r. Staines, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Background The Integration of somatosensory information from the environment into the motor cortex to inform movement is essential for motor function. As motor deficits commonly persist into the chronic phase of stroke recovery, it is important to understand potential contributing factors to these deficits, as well as their relationship with motor function. To date the impact of chronic stroke on Sensorimotor Integration has not been thoroughly investigated. Objectives The current study aimed to comprehensively examine the influence of chronic stroke on Sensorimotor Integration, and determine whether Sensorimotor Integration can be modified with an intervention. Further, it determined the relationship between neurophysiological measures of Sensorimotor Integration and motor deficits post-stroke. Methods Fourteen individuals with chronic stroke and twelve older healthy controls participated. Motor impairment and function were quantified in individuals with chronic stroke. Baseline neurophysiology was assessed using nerve-based measures (short- and long-latency afferent inhibition, afferent facilitation) and vibration-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration, which paired vibration with single and paired-pulse TMS techniques. Neurophysiological assessment was performed before and after a vibration-based sensory training paradigm to assess changes within these circuits. Results Vibration-based, but not nerve-based measures of Sensorimotor Integration were different in individuals with chronic stroke, as compared to older healthy controls, suggesting that stroke differentially impacts Integration of specific types of somatosensory information. Sensorimotor Integration was behaviourally relevant in that it related to both motor function and impairment post-stroke. Finally, sensory training modulated Sensorimotor Integration in individuals with chronic stroke and controls. Conclusion Sensorimotor Integration is differentially impacted by chronic stroke based on the type of afferent feedback. However, both nerve-based and vibration-based measures relate to motor impairment and function in individuals with chronic stroke.
