The Experts below are selected from a list of 123 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John W Bradford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the treatment of Sexual Deviation using a pharmacological approach
Journal of Sex Research, 2000Co-Authors: John W BradfordAbstract:There has been increasing interest in the treatment of Sexual Deviation by pharmacological agents in recent years. This is in part the result of the Sexually violent predator legislation being found constitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in Kansas v. Hendricks 1977. In addition there is an acknowledgment that the Sexual abuse of children is a public health problem of staggering proportions and progress in dealing with this is crucial. There are pharmacological agents, specifically serotonin reuptake inhibitors, that are familiar drugs to the average psychiatrist that also appear to be effective agents in the treatment of Sexual Deviation, meaning a role for the average psychiatrist in the treatment of Sexual Deviation is feasible. The pharmacological agents include antiandrogen and hormonal drugs as well as the serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The modes of actions, and usual methods of prescribing these agents is reviewed in this article. Further a review of some of the research studies is also included a...
John Mc Donald Wilson Bradford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The treatment of Sexual Deviation using a pharmacological approach
Journal of Sex Research, 2000Co-Authors: John Mc Donald Wilson BradfordAbstract:There are pharmacological agents, specifically serotonin reuptake inhibitors, that are familiar drugs to the average psychiatrist that also appear to be effective agents in the treatment of Sexual Deviation. The pharmacological agents include antiandrogen and hormonal drugs as well as the serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Tommy Dickinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nursing history: aversion therapy
Mental Health Practice, 2020Co-Authors: Tommy DickinsonAbstract:Albert is anxious. He has been given a choice: go to prison or hospital to be ‘cured’, and he has chosen the latter. He is being held in a darkened room. A nurse enters with an injection of an emetic dose of apomorphine and a glass of brandy. the nurse leaves him alone and goes to sit behind a one-way mirror; she does not speak to him throughout the treatment because she thinks it will compromise its efficacy. He vomits within minutes and the nurse turns on a strong light that shines on a piece of card pasted on the wall: this has several photographs of nude or near-nude men. the nurse asks Albert to select one he finds attractive. A recording is played to reinforce the assumed repulsiveness of his homoSexuality, which is what brought him to hospital. the recording contains words such as ‘sickening’ and ‘nauseating’, followed by the noise of someone vomiting, which accentuates the emetic effect of the apomorphine. this sequence of ‘therapeutic’ interventions is repeated every two hours; Albert is allowed no food or drinks, other than the prescribed alcohol. When he wakes in the morning, feeling dreadful, frightened and wishing he had chosen the prison option, he finds a card placed in his room, depicting a young, Sexually attractive female. eventually, he is allowed out of his room and given an injection of testosterone propionate and told to retire to his room when he feels any Sexual excitement. When he does this, a recording of a ‘sexy’ female vocalist is played to him. No, this did not take place under a totalitarian regime, but is based on an article describing the treatment of a patient in an NHs hospital (James, 1962). similar treatments were handed out in other NHs and military hospitals throughout the UK from the 1950s to the 1980s. Albert, according to a follow-up article (James and earley 1963), was ‘cured’. this is aversion therapy. Male homoSexuality remained illegal until 1967 and entrapment by undercover policemen was routine in the 1960s. it was also considered an antisocial mental illness that could be cured with aversion therapy, which could also include giving patients electric shocks. it remained classifiable as a mental illness until 1990. Nurses frequently administered aversion treatments and some wrote articles discussing the merits of chemical and electrical therapies (seager 1965). King et al (2004) investigated this practice and interviewed one nurse, who said: ‘We had to become electrifying geniuses.’ there is little information about this now-discredited mental health nursing practice. i am researching this part of our profession’s past for my doctorate, titled ‘the historical intersection of Sexual Deviation and psychiatry’, at Manchester University. i aim to interview nurses who helped to administer these treatments to understand their perceptions, motivations and experiences. i will also explore the professional, personal, social and cultural context in which aversion therapy developed. i would like to hear from nurses who may have helped administer the treatments. Participants’ names and personal details will remain confidential. increasing our knowledge of this aspect of mental health nursing’s history will be a timely reminder of the importance of ensuring that our nursing interventions are underpinned by an evidence base.
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Nurses and subordination: a historical study of mental nurses' perceptions on administering aversion therapy for ‘Sexual Deviations’
Nursing Inquiry, 2013Co-Authors: Tommy Dickinson, Matt Cook, John Playle, Christine E. HallettAbstract:This study aimed to examine the meanings that nurses attached to the ‘treatments’ administered to cure ‘Sexual Deviation’ (SD) in the UK, 1935–1974. In the UK, homoSexuality was considered a classifiable mental illness that could be ‘cured’ until 1992. Nurses were involved in administering painful and distressing treatments. The study is based on oral history interviews with fifteen nurses who had administered treatments to cure individuals of their SD. The interviews were transcribed for historical interpretation. Some nurses believed that their role was to passively follow any orders they had been given. Other nurses limited their culpability concerning administering these treatments by adopting dehumanising and objectifying language and by focussing on administrative tasks, rather than the human beings in need of their care. Meanwhile, some nurses genuinely believed that they were acting beneficently by administering these distinctly unpleasant treatments. It is envisaged that this study might act to reiterate the need for nurses to ensure their interventions have a sound evidence base and that they constantly reflect on the moral and value base of their practice and the influence that science and societal norms can have on changing views of what is considered ‘acceptable practice’.
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?Queer? treatments: giving a voice to former patients who received treatments for their ?Sexual Deviations?
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2012Co-Authors: Tommy Dickinson, Matt Cook, John Playle, Christine E. HallettAbstract:Aims and objectives. The study aimed to examine the experiences of patients and meanings attached to ‘treatments’ of Sexual Deviations, which included homoSexuality and transvestism, in the UK (1949–1992), exploring reasons for such treatments, experiences and how individual lives were affected. Background. Male homoSexuality remained illegal in England until 1967 and, along with transvestism, was considered an antisocial Sexual Deviation that could be cured. HomoSexuality remained classifiable as a mental illness until 1992. Nurses were involved in administering treatments to cure these individuals; however, there is a paucity of information about this now-discredited mental health nursing practice. Design. A nationwide study based on oral history interviews. Methods. Purposeful and snowball sampling was utilised when selecting participants for the study. Participants were recruited via adverts in gay establishments/media. All participants gave signed informed consent. Face-to-face oral history interviews were conducted and transcribed for historical interpretation. Results. Seven former male patients made contact, aged 65–97 years at interview. All reported that the treatments had been unsuccessful in altering their Sexual desires or behaviour. Most sought treatment owing to unsupportive and negative attitudes from friends, family and wider society. Others selected treatments instead of imprisonment. Most eventually found happiness in same-sex relationships. However, all were left feeling emotionally troubled by the treatments they received. Conclusion. Defining homoSexuality and transvestism as mental illnesses and implementing what could be argued to be inefficient treatments to eradicate them appears to have had a lasting negative impact on the patients who received them. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses who care for older gay, lesbian, biSexual and transgender patients need to be mindful of their potential past treatment by healthcare services and ensure that they are non-judgmental and accepting of their Sexual orientation and current gender.
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'Queer' treatments: giving a voice to former patients who received treatments for their 'Sexual Deviations'.
Journal of clinical nursing, 2012Co-Authors: Tommy Dickinson, Matt Cook, John Playle, Christine HallettAbstract:The study aimed to examine the experiences of patients and meanings attached to 'treatments' of Sexual Deviations, which included homoSexuality and transvestism, in the UK (1949-1992), exploring reasons for such treatments, experiences and how individual lives were affected. Male homoSexuality remained illegal in England until 1967 and, along with transvestism, was considered an antisocial Sexual Deviation that could be cured. HomoSexuality remained classifiable as a mental illness until 1992. Nurses were involved in administering treatments to cure these individuals; however, there is a paucity of information about this now-discredited mental health nursing practice. A nationwide study based on oral history interviews. Purposeful and snowball sampling was utilised when selecting participants for the study. Participants were recruited via adverts in gay establishments/media. All participants gave signed informed consent. Face-to-face oral history interviews were conducted and transcribed for historical interpretation. Seven former male patients made contact, aged 65-97 years at interview. All reported that the treatments had been unsuccessful in altering their Sexual desires or behaviour. Most sought treatment owing to unsupportive and negative attitudes from friends, family and wider society. Others selected treatments instead of imprisonment. Most eventually found happiness in same-sex relationships. However, all were left feeling emotionally troubled by the treatments they received. Defining homoSexuality and transvestism as mental illnesses and implementing what could be argued to be inefficient treatments to eradicate them appears to have had a lasting negative impact on the patients who received them. Nurses who care for older gay, lesbian, biSexual and transgender patients need to be mindful of their potential past treatment by healthcare services and ensure that they are non-judgmental and accepting of their Sexual orientation and current gender. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Philip Stevens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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paraphilia and sex offending a south african criminal law perspective
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Pieter Carstens, Philip StevensAbstract:Abstract Historically, the link between Sexual deviance and criminality has been described and documented, asserted by psychiatry, and manifested in law. Laws that have regulated Sexual behaviour have referred to terms such as ‘Sexual Deviation’, ‘Sexual perversion’ or even archaic moral terms such as ‘unnatural acts and unspeakable crimes against nature’. A possible link between Sexual perversion, psychopathy, and criminality, specifically manifesting in Sexual homicide, has been the subject of remarkable research in forensic psychiatry. This contribution examines the phenomenon of paraphilia with specific reference to its definition, diagnostic classification and characteristics, as well as a few selections of incidences of paraphilia in South African criminal case law. A brief assessment is made of how South African criminal courts have dealt with paraphilia. In this regard, an analysis is made of the criminal liability of the paraphiliac. The South African response to Sexual Deviation as addressed in the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007 will also be addressed with reference to its efficacy in addressing paraphilia within South African criminal law. The interface between criminal law and medical ethics within the context of this theme will also be canvassed. In conclusion, recommendations for possible reform are canvassed.
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Paraphilia and sex offending — A South African criminal law perspective
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Pieter Carstens, Philip StevensAbstract:Abstract Historically, the link between Sexual deviance and criminality has been described and documented, asserted by psychiatry, and manifested in law. Laws that have regulated Sexual behaviour have referred to terms such as ‘Sexual Deviation’, ‘Sexual perversion’ or even archaic moral terms such as ‘unnatural acts and unspeakable crimes against nature’. A possible link between Sexual perversion, psychopathy, and criminality, specifically manifesting in Sexual homicide, has been the subject of remarkable research in forensic psychiatry. This contribution examines the phenomenon of paraphilia with specific reference to its definition, diagnostic classification and characteristics, as well as a few selections of incidences of paraphilia in South African criminal case law. A brief assessment is made of how South African criminal courts have dealt with paraphilia. In this regard, an analysis is made of the criminal liability of the paraphiliac. The South African response to Sexual Deviation as addressed in the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007 will also be addressed with reference to its efficacy in addressing paraphilia within South African criminal law. The interface between criminal law and medical ethics within the context of this theme will also be canvassed. In conclusion, recommendations for possible reform are canvassed.
Christine E. Hallett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nurses and subordination: a historical study of mental nurses' perceptions on administering aversion therapy for ‘Sexual Deviations’
Nursing Inquiry, 2013Co-Authors: Tommy Dickinson, Matt Cook, John Playle, Christine E. HallettAbstract:This study aimed to examine the meanings that nurses attached to the ‘treatments’ administered to cure ‘Sexual Deviation’ (SD) in the UK, 1935–1974. In the UK, homoSexuality was considered a classifiable mental illness that could be ‘cured’ until 1992. Nurses were involved in administering painful and distressing treatments. The study is based on oral history interviews with fifteen nurses who had administered treatments to cure individuals of their SD. The interviews were transcribed for historical interpretation. Some nurses believed that their role was to passively follow any orders they had been given. Other nurses limited their culpability concerning administering these treatments by adopting dehumanising and objectifying language and by focussing on administrative tasks, rather than the human beings in need of their care. Meanwhile, some nurses genuinely believed that they were acting beneficently by administering these distinctly unpleasant treatments. It is envisaged that this study might act to reiterate the need for nurses to ensure their interventions have a sound evidence base and that they constantly reflect on the moral and value base of their practice and the influence that science and societal norms can have on changing views of what is considered ‘acceptable practice’.
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?Queer? treatments: giving a voice to former patients who received treatments for their ?Sexual Deviations?
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2012Co-Authors: Tommy Dickinson, Matt Cook, John Playle, Christine E. HallettAbstract:Aims and objectives. The study aimed to examine the experiences of patients and meanings attached to ‘treatments’ of Sexual Deviations, which included homoSexuality and transvestism, in the UK (1949–1992), exploring reasons for such treatments, experiences and how individual lives were affected. Background. Male homoSexuality remained illegal in England until 1967 and, along with transvestism, was considered an antisocial Sexual Deviation that could be cured. HomoSexuality remained classifiable as a mental illness until 1992. Nurses were involved in administering treatments to cure these individuals; however, there is a paucity of information about this now-discredited mental health nursing practice. Design. A nationwide study based on oral history interviews. Methods. Purposeful and snowball sampling was utilised when selecting participants for the study. Participants were recruited via adverts in gay establishments/media. All participants gave signed informed consent. Face-to-face oral history interviews were conducted and transcribed for historical interpretation. Results. Seven former male patients made contact, aged 65–97 years at interview. All reported that the treatments had been unsuccessful in altering their Sexual desires or behaviour. Most sought treatment owing to unsupportive and negative attitudes from friends, family and wider society. Others selected treatments instead of imprisonment. Most eventually found happiness in same-sex relationships. However, all were left feeling emotionally troubled by the treatments they received. Conclusion. Defining homoSexuality and transvestism as mental illnesses and implementing what could be argued to be inefficient treatments to eradicate them appears to have had a lasting negative impact on the patients who received them. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses who care for older gay, lesbian, biSexual and transgender patients need to be mindful of their potential past treatment by healthcare services and ensure that they are non-judgmental and accepting of their Sexual orientation and current gender.