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F Stormshak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prenatal influence of an androgen agonist and antagonist on the differentiation of the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus in male and female lamb fetuses.
Endocrinology, 2014Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, F Stormshak, Radhika C. Reddy, Charles T. Estill, Melissa Scheldrup, Mary Meaker, Hernán J. MontillaAbstract:The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN) is 2 times larger in rams than in ewes. Sexual differentiation of the oSDN is produced by testosterone exposure during the critical period occurring between gestational day (GD)60 and GD90 (term, 147 d). We tested the hypothesis that testosterone acts through the androgen receptor to control development of the male-typical oSDN. In experiment 1, pregnant ewes received injections of vehicle, androgen receptor antagonist flutamide, or nonaromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) propionate during the critical period. Fetuses were delivered at GD135. Both antagonist and agonist treatments significantly reduced mean oSDN volume in males but had no effects in females. Experiment 2, we analyzed the effect of treatments on the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis to determine whether compensatory changes in hormone secretion occurred that could explain the effect of DHT. Pregnant ewes were injected with vehicle, flutamide, or DHT propionate from GD60 to GD84...
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Separate critical periods exist for testosterone-induced differentiation of the brain and genitals in sheep.
Endocrinology, 2011Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, Henry L Stadelman, Charles T. Estill, Mary Meaker, F StormshakAbstract:The prenatal critical period for masculinization of the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the hypothalamuspreoptic area occurs later than, and can be separated temporally from, the period for masculinization of the external genitals.
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The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus, aromatase, and sexual partner preferences in sheep.
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2009Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, F StormshakAbstract:We are using the domestic ram as an experimental model to examine the role of aromatase in the development of sexual partner preferences. This interest has arisen because of the observation that as many as 8% of domestic rams are Sexually attracted to other rams (male-oriented) in contrast to the majority of rams that are attracted to estrous ewes (female-oriented). Our findings demonstrate that aromatase expression is enriched in a cluster of neurons in the medial preoptic Nucleus called the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN). The size of the oSDN is associated with a ram's sexual partner preference, such that the Nucleus is 2 -3 times larger in rams that are attracted to females (female-oriented) than in rams that are attracted to other rams (male-oriented). Moreover, the volume of the oSDN in male-oriented rams is similar to the volume in ewes. These volume differences are not influenced by adult concentrations of serum testosterone. Instead, we found that the oSDN is already present in late gestation lamb fetuses (∼ day 135 of gestation) when it is ∼2-fold greater in males than in females. Exposure of genetic female fetuses to exogenous testosterone during the critical period for sexual differentiation masculinizes oSDN volume and aromatase expression when examined subsequently on day 135. The demonstration that the oSDN is organized prenatally by testosterone exposure suggests that the brain of the male-oriented ram may be under-androgenized during development.
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The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus, aromatase, and sexual partner preferences in sheep.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2009Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, F StormshakAbstract:We are using the domestic ram as an experimental model to examine the role of aromatase in the development of sexual partner preferences. This interest has arisen because of the observation that as many as 8% of domestic rams are Sexually attracted to other rams (male-oriented) in contrast to the majority of rams that are attracted to estrous ewes (female-oriented). Our findings demonstrate that aromatase expression is enriched in a cluster of neurons in the medial preoptic Nucleus called the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN). The size of the oSDN is associated with a ram's sexual partner preference, such that the Nucleus is 2-3 times larger in rams that are attracted to females (female-oriented) than in rams that are attracted to other rams (male-oriented). Moreover, the volume of the oSDN in male-oriented rams is similar to the volume in ewes. These volume differences are not influenced by adult concentrations of serum testosterone. Instead, we found that the oSDN is already present in late gestation lamb fetuses (approximately day 135 of gestation) when it is approximately 2-fold greater in males than in females. Exposure of genetic female fetuses to exogenous testosterone during the critical period for sexual differentiation masculinizes oSDN volume and aromatase expression when examined subsequently on day 135. The demonstration that the oSDN is organized prenatally by testosterone exposure suggests that the brain of the male-oriented ram may be under-androgenized during development.
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The volume of the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area is independent of adult testosterone concentrations
Brain research, 2008Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, Henry L Stadelman, Charles T. Estill, F StormshakAbstract:The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN) is characterized by high levels of aromatase mRNA expression which can be used to delineate its boundaries. The volume of the oSDN is approximately 2 to 3-fold larger in rams that mate with ewes (female-oriented rams) than in rams that mate with other rams (male-oriented rams) and ewes. The sex difference in oSDN volume is present in late gestation fetuses and can be eliminated before birth by exposing genetic females to exogenous testosterone during midgestation, suggesting that early exposure to androgen masculinizes volume of the oSDN. The present study was performed to determine whether differences in oSDN volume are influenced by the adult hormonal environment. Adult rams, behaviorally characterized as female-oriented or male-oriented, and ewes were gonadectomized and treated with subcutaneous implants of testosterone to achieve physiologic concentrations of serum testosterone. Three weeks after implant placement brain tissue was prepared for histological assessment of oSDN volume using in situ hybridization for detection of aromatase mRNA expression. Quantitative analysis revealed that despite similar serum testosterone levels among the groups, the volume of the oSDN was greater in female-oriented rams than in male-oriented rams and ewes (P < 0.05). Differences in oSDN volume were specific and not reflective of differences in preoptic area height or brain size. These results suggest that differences in the size of the oSDN in adult sheep were not influenced by adult exposure to testosterone.
Roger A. Gorski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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C INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANE AND SYNAPTIC PROPERTIES IN MEDIAL PREOPTIC SLICES CONTAINING THE Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus OF THE RAT
2016Co-Authors: Neil W Hoffman, Roger A. Gorski, Yang I Kim, Edward F. DudekAbstract:1. Passive and active electrophysiological properties of neurons (n=46) in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) were studied in hypothalamic slices from rats (primarily males). This investigation evaluated whether the MPOA contains a heterogeneous population of cell types, defined on the basis of electrophysiological properties such as low-threshold Ca2 + spikes (LTS) and current-voltage (I-V) relations. Evoked and spontaneous synaptic potentials were also studied in these neurons. Electrical properties were compared between neurons in the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) with those situated in other parts of the MPOA. 2. Biocytin-injected neurons (n = 24) were found in the SDN-POA, as well as other parts of the medial preoptic Nucleus and MPOA. Stained neurons had I or 2 primary dendrites (46 % of stained cells) or had multipolar dendritic arrays (54 % of cells); dendrites were aspiny or sparsely spiny and displayed limited branching. Morphologically definable cell types were not specific to medial preoptic subdivisions. 3. In response to depolarization from a hyperpolarized condition, medial preoptic cells were uniformly capable of generating LTS potentials that generated one or more action potentials. In addition to being voltage dependent, these LTS potentials were time dependent and Ni2 + sensitive. 4. Other membrane properties were also similar between cells in different subdivisions of t.. the MPOA, between medial preoptic neurons with differing morphology, and between-tIl*~t~ stained and unstained cells. Most neurons (92%) displayed linear I-V relations in the'y--A3t'~ ' rSP ICI J
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the role of apoptosis in sexual differentiation of the rat Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area
Brain Research, 1996Co-Authors: Elise Davis, Paul Popper, Roger A. GorskiAbstract:The Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) in the rat hypothalamus is larger in volume in males than in females due to a larger number of cells in the Nucleus. Although the SDN-POA, and its development, have been extensively studied, the actual mechanism of its sexual differentiation has not been established. The results of previous studies have not supported a role for gonadal steroids in the regulation of neurogenesis or the determination of the migratory pathway perinatally. In this study, the role of cell death in the development of the sexual dimorphism in the SDN-POA was investigated using in situ end-labeling to visualize fragmented DNA in apoptotic cells. In the experiments described here, the incidence of apoptosis was determined in part of the SDN-POA, the central division of the medial preoptic Nucleus (MPNc), over the first 13 days postnatally in male and female rats. There was a sex difference in the incidence of apoptosis in the MPNc between postnatal days 7 and 10; the incidence was higher in females. The role of testosterone (T) in regulating the incidence of apoptosis in the developing MPNc was examined in neonatally castrated males following T or vehicle injection. Testosterone had a profound inhibitory effect on the incidence of apoptosis between days 6 and 10. In a control region within the lateral preoptic area, there was no sex difference in the incidence of apoptosis, nor was there an effect of T. Thus, the data indicate that the regulation of apoptosis by T is one mechanism involved in the sexual differentiation of the SDN-POA.
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A Revised Critical Period for the Sexual Differentiation of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the Preoptic Area in the Rat
Neuroendocrinology, 1995Co-Authors: Elise Davis, James E. Shryne, Roger A. GorskiAbstract:The volume of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) of the rat is several times larger in males than in females. Several studies have established the importance of gonadal steroids perinatally in the sexual differentiation of the SDN-POA as well as a critical period for the permanent influences of exogenous androgen on the volume of the Nucleus. Recent preliminary evidence from this laboratory had suggested, however, that the critical period for the effects of the removal of endogenous gonadal steroids on SDN-POA volume may not match that for the administration of exogenous gonadal steroids. A series of experiments was designed to examine further the effects of the removal of endogenous gonadal steroids on adult SDN-POA volume by castrating male rats at various ages. In spite of a rather clear definition of a postnatal critical period for the effects of exogenous steroid administration, the results of this study indicate that the volume of the SDN-POA is sensitive to the removal of endogenous gonadal steroids for a prolonged period of time, extending through at least day 29 postnatally. The data suggest that there may be multiple critical periods for the sexual differentiation of the SDN-POA and reinforce the concept that these critical periods are distinct from those for other Sexually differentiated parameters.
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Intracellular Membrane and Synaptic Properties in Medial Preoptic Slices Containing the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the Rat
1992Co-Authors: Neil W Hoffman, Roger A. Gorski, Yang I Kim, F. E. DudekAbstract:Abstract : Passive and active electrophysiological properties of neurons (n=46) in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) were studied in hypothalamic slices from rats (primarily males). This investigation evaluated whether the MPOA contains a heterogeneous population of cell types, defined on the basis of electrophysical properties such as low-threshold Ca2+ spikes (LTS) and current-voltage (I-V) relations. Evoked and spontaneous synaptic potentials were also studied in these neurons. Electrical properties were compared between neurons in the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) with those situated in other parts of the MPOA. Biocytin-injected neurons (n-24) were found in the SDN-POA, as well as other parts of the medial preoptic Nucleus and MPOA. Stained neurons had 1 or 2 primary dendrites (46% of stained cells) or had multipolar dendritic arrays (54% of cells); dendrites were aspiny or sparsely spiny and displayed limited branching. Morphologically definable cell types were not specific to medial preoptic subdivisions.
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Prenatal ethanol and the prepubertal Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area.
Physiology & behavior, 1991Co-Authors: Iman I. Ahmed, James E. Shryne, Roger A. Gorski, B.j. Branch, A.n. TaylorAbstract:Abstract The volume of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (SDN-POA) was determined in 14–31-day-old male and female rats whose mothers received a liquid diet containing 5% w/v ethanol from day 8 of gestation to parturition. Pair-fed dams received as a nutritional control an equal volume of an isocaloric liquid diet with maltose-dextrin in place of ethanol. Normal controls had laboratory rat chow and water available ad lib. The SDN-POA volume of ethanol-exposed males was significantly reduced compared to the pair-fed and normal males, and became indistinguishable from the SDN-POA volumes of the pair-fed and normal females. Ethanol-treated females also had a markedly reduced SDN-POA volume compared to the pair-fed and normal females. Our findings indicate that the SDN-POA of prepubertal rats of both sexes is sensitive to the effects of in utero ethanol exposure. While plasma testosterone, progesterone and estradiol titers, which we measured in fetuses on gestation day 22, were differentially affected by maternal ethanol consumption, the alterations by themselves cannot adequately explain the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on the developing SDN-POA.
Charles E Roselli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prenatal influence of an androgen agonist and antagonist on the differentiation of the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus in male and female lamb fetuses.
Endocrinology, 2014Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, F Stormshak, Radhika C. Reddy, Charles T. Estill, Melissa Scheldrup, Mary Meaker, Hernán J. MontillaAbstract:The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN) is 2 times larger in rams than in ewes. Sexual differentiation of the oSDN is produced by testosterone exposure during the critical period occurring between gestational day (GD)60 and GD90 (term, 147 d). We tested the hypothesis that testosterone acts through the androgen receptor to control development of the male-typical oSDN. In experiment 1, pregnant ewes received injections of vehicle, androgen receptor antagonist flutamide, or nonaromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) propionate during the critical period. Fetuses were delivered at GD135. Both antagonist and agonist treatments significantly reduced mean oSDN volume in males but had no effects in females. Experiment 2, we analyzed the effect of treatments on the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis to determine whether compensatory changes in hormone secretion occurred that could explain the effect of DHT. Pregnant ewes were injected with vehicle, flutamide, or DHT propionate from GD60 to GD84...
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Separate critical periods exist for testosterone-induced differentiation of the brain and genitals in sheep.
Endocrinology, 2011Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, Henry L Stadelman, Charles T. Estill, Mary Meaker, F StormshakAbstract:The prenatal critical period for masculinization of the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the hypothalamuspreoptic area occurs later than, and can be separated temporally from, the period for masculinization of the external genitals.
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The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus, aromatase, and sexual partner preferences in sheep.
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2009Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, F StormshakAbstract:We are using the domestic ram as an experimental model to examine the role of aromatase in the development of sexual partner preferences. This interest has arisen because of the observation that as many as 8% of domestic rams are Sexually attracted to other rams (male-oriented) in contrast to the majority of rams that are attracted to estrous ewes (female-oriented). Our findings demonstrate that aromatase expression is enriched in a cluster of neurons in the medial preoptic Nucleus called the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN). The size of the oSDN is associated with a ram's sexual partner preference, such that the Nucleus is 2 -3 times larger in rams that are attracted to females (female-oriented) than in rams that are attracted to other rams (male-oriented). Moreover, the volume of the oSDN in male-oriented rams is similar to the volume in ewes. These volume differences are not influenced by adult concentrations of serum testosterone. Instead, we found that the oSDN is already present in late gestation lamb fetuses (∼ day 135 of gestation) when it is ∼2-fold greater in males than in females. Exposure of genetic female fetuses to exogenous testosterone during the critical period for sexual differentiation masculinizes oSDN volume and aromatase expression when examined subsequently on day 135. The demonstration that the oSDN is organized prenatally by testosterone exposure suggests that the brain of the male-oriented ram may be under-androgenized during development.
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The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus, aromatase, and sexual partner preferences in sheep.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2009Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, F StormshakAbstract:We are using the domestic ram as an experimental model to examine the role of aromatase in the development of sexual partner preferences. This interest has arisen because of the observation that as many as 8% of domestic rams are Sexually attracted to other rams (male-oriented) in contrast to the majority of rams that are attracted to estrous ewes (female-oriented). Our findings demonstrate that aromatase expression is enriched in a cluster of neurons in the medial preoptic Nucleus called the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN). The size of the oSDN is associated with a ram's sexual partner preference, such that the Nucleus is 2-3 times larger in rams that are attracted to females (female-oriented) than in rams that are attracted to other rams (male-oriented). Moreover, the volume of the oSDN in male-oriented rams is similar to the volume in ewes. These volume differences are not influenced by adult concentrations of serum testosterone. Instead, we found that the oSDN is already present in late gestation lamb fetuses (approximately day 135 of gestation) when it is approximately 2-fold greater in males than in females. Exposure of genetic female fetuses to exogenous testosterone during the critical period for sexual differentiation masculinizes oSDN volume and aromatase expression when examined subsequently on day 135. The demonstration that the oSDN is organized prenatally by testosterone exposure suggests that the brain of the male-oriented ram may be under-androgenized during development.
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The volume of the ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area is independent of adult testosterone concentrations
Brain research, 2008Co-Authors: Charles E Roselli, Henry L Stadelman, Charles T. Estill, F StormshakAbstract:The ovine Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (oSDN) is characterized by high levels of aromatase mRNA expression which can be used to delineate its boundaries. The volume of the oSDN is approximately 2 to 3-fold larger in rams that mate with ewes (female-oriented rams) than in rams that mate with other rams (male-oriented rams) and ewes. The sex difference in oSDN volume is present in late gestation fetuses and can be eliminated before birth by exposing genetic females to exogenous testosterone during midgestation, suggesting that early exposure to androgen masculinizes volume of the oSDN. The present study was performed to determine whether differences in oSDN volume are influenced by the adult hormonal environment. Adult rams, behaviorally characterized as female-oriented or male-oriented, and ewes were gonadectomized and treated with subcutaneous implants of testosterone to achieve physiologic concentrations of serum testosterone. Three weeks after implant placement brain tissue was prepared for histological assessment of oSDN volume using in situ hybridization for detection of aromatase mRNA expression. Quantitative analysis revealed that despite similar serum testosterone levels among the groups, the volume of the oSDN was greater in female-oriented rams than in male-oriented rams and ewes (P < 0.05). Differences in oSDN volume were specific and not reflective of differences in preoptic area height or brain size. These results suggest that differences in the size of the oSDN in adult sheep were not influenced by adult exposure to testosterone.
Yasuo Sakuma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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estrogen induced cell signaling in the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the rat preoptic area potential involvement of cofilin in actin dynamics for cell migration
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2013Co-Authors: Yuko Wadakiyama, Tomohiro Hamada, Chiaki Suzuki, Dilip Rai, Ryoiti Kiyama, Makoto Kaneda, Yasuo SakumaAbstract:Estrogen is a key factor to induce the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus (SDN) in the preoptic area (POA) of the rat brain. Identification of estrogen-dependent signaling pathways at SDN in POA during the critical period is a prerequisite for elucidating the mechanism. In the present study, we treated female rats with/without 17β-estradiol (E2) at birth, designated as postnatal day 1 (P1), and prepared total RNA from brain slices containing SDN for DNA microarray analysis. Among the estrogen-responsive genes identified, protein kinase C-delta (PKC-δ) was significantly up-regulated by E2 at P5. We examined the downstream effectors of PKC-δ protein by Western blotting and found an E2-induced PKC-δ/Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin pathway. In the pathway, E2 suppressed the phosphorylation (inactive form) of cofilin. This result was supported by immunohistochemistry, where the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of cofilin occurred at SDN, which suggests that cell migration is a cue to create sexual dimorphism in POA.
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estrogen receptor α gene promoter 0 b usage in the rat Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area
Endocrinology, 2010Co-Authors: Tomohiro Hamada, Yasuo SakumaAbstract:The volume of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) is two to four times larger in male rats than in females; however, the mechanism for the establishment of sexual dimorphism and the function of this Nucleus is almost unknown. Perinatal estrogen can cause sexual dimorphism via the estrogen receptor α (ERα). Recently, transgenic rats were generated that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of the ERα gene promoter 0/B to tag ERα-positive neurons in the brain. In the present study, we examined whether this EGFP expression could be a marker for the SDN-POA in adults. EGFP-labeled cells were distributed in the core of the SDN-POA (0/B-SDN) of male and female transgenic rats, in accordance with the Nissl staining and immunoreactivity for the SDN marker, calbindin. They were also immunoreactive for ERα. The core was bigger in volume and contained more 0/B-SDN neurons in males than in females. The EGFP-tagged cells were packed more densely in the female cor...
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In vivo Visualization of the Rat Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the Preoptic Area
Nihon Ika Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi, 2010Co-Authors: Tomohiro Hamada, Yasuo SakumaAbstract:ラット視索前野性的二型核(SDN-POA)はその大きさ に性差がある神経核として知られており,雌に比べ雄で有 意に大きい.ヒトでも相同の神経核の存在が報告され,性 同一性障害との関係が最近注目されている.SDN-POAの 雄性化は,周生期の雄仔精巣から産生分泌されるテストス テロンが芳香化され,エストロゲンとして α型エストロ ゲン受容体(ERα)に作用することで引き起こされること がわかっているが,その詳細な性分化機構についてはいま だ定説を得ていない.この最大の原因は in vivo で SDNPOAを可視化できないことにあり,この隘路を解決すべ く,ERα遺伝子プロモーター 0 Bトランスジェニックラッ ト の解析を行ったところ,SDN-POAニューロンがプロ モーター活性依存的に発現する緑色蛍光タンパク(EGFP) によって特異的にラベルされ,その領域の大きさに SDNPOA同様の性差が存在することが明らかとなった .われ われはこれを 0 B-SDNと定義した.この結果により in vivo における SDN-POAの可視化が実現し,今後 0 B-SDN 形成過程の可視化などを通して,性分化機構解明に向けた 研究進展が期待される.
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Transient transcription of the somatostatin gene at the time of estrogen-dependent organization of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the rat preoptic area.
Endocrinology, 2006Co-Authors: Chitose Orikasa, Yasuhiko Kondo, Yasuo SakumaAbstract:In situ hybridization detected a transient, sex-specific transcription of somatostatin gene in the central part of the rat medial preoptic Nucleus, which coincides with the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA), during, but not after, the establishment of sex difference. On postnatal d 1 (day of birth), somatostatin mRNA was detected in the SDN-POA of both sexes. On d 8 through 35, the area of somatostatin mRNA-positive cells was significantly larger in males than in females. In males the area attained its maximum size on d 15 and diminished gradually thereafter. In females the area did not change in size during this period. On d 60 expression of somatostatin mRNA was low and not different between sexes. Throughout the observed period, Nissl staining and calbindin immunohistochemistry enabled visualization of the typical SDN-POA in the same region. As with Nissl staining and calbindin immunohistochemistry, somatostatin mRNA hybridization on d 15 revealed a reversal of the sexual dimorphism in the size of the SDN-POA in males that had been neonatally orchidectomized or females given estrogen as pups, showing that sex steroid milieu during the organizational period determines the area occupied by somatostatin mRNA-positive cells. Sex-specific, transient transcription of the somatostatin gene may causally relate to the estrogen-dependent organization of the SDN-POA.
Sandra L Petersen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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17β estradiol and progesterone regulate multiple progestin signaling molecules in the anteroventral periventricular Nucleus ventromedial Nucleus and Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area in female rats
Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Karlie A Intlekofer, Sandra L PetersenAbstract:Recent work identified novel progestin signaling molecules, including progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (Pgrmc1), Pgrmc2, serpine mRNA binding protein 1 (Serbp1), progestin and adiponectin receptors 7 (Paqr7) and Paqr8. These molecules mediate rapid progesterone (P(4)) effects in non-neural tissue and we recently mapped their expression in the brain. Many rapid effects of P(4) require 17β-estradiol (E(2)) and P(4) priming; therefore, we examined the effects of ovarian hormones on the expression of these non-classical progestin signaling molecules. We focused specifically on the anteroventral periventricular Nucleus (AVPV), the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) and the ventrolateral portion of the ventromedial Nucleus (VMNvl). These brain nuclei are important for female reproduction. Ovariectomized adult female rats were implanted with capsules containing sesame oil or E(2), and injected 48 h later with sesame oil or P(4). Brains were collected 8 h later and RNA was isolated from the AVPV, SDN-POA and VMNvl. We assessed the effects of ovarian hormones on mRNA levels using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR). In the AVPV, Serbp1 mRNA levels were increased by P(4) in the presence of E(2), and Paqr8 was downregulated by P(4) alone. In the SDN-POA, combined E(2) and P(4) increased Pgrmc1 and Serbp1 mRNA levels, and E(2) alone increased Paqr8 mRNA levels. Finally, in the VMNvl, P(4) increased mRNA levels encoding Pgrmc1, Pgrmc2 and Serbp1, and the combination of E(2) and P(4) increased Pgrmc1 and Serbp1 mRNA levels. Paqr7 was not regulated by E(2) or P(4) in any brain region examined. In summary, we showed that ovarian hormones regulate novel progestin signaling molecules in brain regions important for the neuroendocrine control of reproduction.