The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Onkar Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Compressed Air as a Clean Energy Source for Vehicles
SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:In today’s civilization the excessive use of hydrocarbon fuels in transport sector is causing serious effect on environmental damage to the extent of 77.8% due to its tail pipe emission which mainly releases: carbon dioxide, carbon mono-oxide, nitrous oxide, and other un-burnt gases contributing to green house gases. The excessive consumption of hydrocarbon fuel has also led to the danger of depletion of hydrocarbon fuel and oil wells are likely to be dried around 2047, leaving much disastrous effect like global warming, tsunami, hurricane and health hazards etc.. This paper describes the compressed air as a clean energy source that can be utilized with the help of suitable air driven engine to develop Shaft Work to run the light transport vehicles along with compressed air storage tank system. A novel rotary air engine has been designed and developed to produce 73–97% of its performance efficiency. Supplementing the hydrocarbon fueled vehicles with the use of compressed air for running vehicles will significantly control the emissions and enhance the energy sustainability.
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Analytical Evaluations of Shaft Output on Different Rotor to Casing Diameter Ratios at Optimal Value of Vane and Injection Angles for a Multi-Vane Air Turbine
SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:The atmospheric air is freely available but once it is compressed, it develops the potential power source for running any prime mover as a zero pollutant. Thus air turbine proposed to be installed here on motorbike transforms the energy of the compressed air into Shaft Work in place of an internal combustion engine. This paper details a mathematical modeling and performance evaluation of an air driven vane type rotary novel air turbine / engine. The effect of isobaric admission and adiabatic expansion of high pressure air for different rotor to casing diameter ratios at optimum vane and injection angles as 450, 300 respectively have been considered and analyzed. The optimum Work output is seen at some typical values of rotor / casing diameter ratios at moderate air consumptions. In this study, the power obtained along linear expansion (without excessive air consumption) as 6.0-7.6 kW (8-10 HP) between rotor to casing diameter ratios 0.85 to 0.80, at casing diameter of 200 mm, injection pressure of 90 psi (6 bar) and speed of rotation 2500 rpm which is enough to run any motorbike or light vehicle.
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Study of the influence of vane angle on Shaft output of a multivane air turbine
Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:Faster consumption of hydrocarbon fuel in the transport sector is posing global threat of depletion of fossil fuel reserves. Studies are being extensively done to search for an alternative energy source and/or to find out appropriate energy conversion system. Among various alternatives, the use of compressed atmospheric air in air turbine is an attractive option provided the atmospheric air is compressed by natural sources such as sun energy, wind energy, etc. It has the capability to produce Shaft Work with almost zero pollution in the environment. This paper details the mathematical modeling of a small capacity compressed air driven multivane air turbine. The effect of having different vane angles and inlet pressure on Shaft Work output has been studied and analyzed here. The study shows that the flow Work has significant contribution in total Work output and varies from 1.5% to 16.3% at different pressures, 2–6 bars, and injection angles, 30°–60°. The total Shaft Work is found to be maximum at vane ang...
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Study of effect of rotor vanes to rotor-casing dimensions on performance of a zero pollution vane type novel air turbine
2010Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:This article describes a new concept of compressed air energy storage system using atmospheric air at ambient temperature as a power source for running zero pollution vehicle (ZPV) such as a motorcycle. The proposed air turbine transforms the energy of the compressed air into Shaft Work. The mathematical modeling and performance evaluation of a small capacity compressed air driven vaned type novel air turbine is presented here. The effect of isobaric admission and adiabatic expansion of high pressure air for different vane numbers to rotor-casing diameter ratios have been considered and analyzed. It is found that the Shaft Work output is optimum for some typical values of number of vanes at particular rotor-casing diameter ratios. In this study, the casing diameter is considered 50, 100 and 150 mm and rotor to casing diameter ratios are varied from 0.95 to 0.55 and vane numbers from 4 - 12 and the air turbine is found to develop maximum power to the order of 1.3, 5.3 (7.1 HP) and 11.9 kW respectively where 5.3 kW power developed with casing diameter 100 mm is sufficient to run motorcycles.
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Critical Effect of Rotor Vanes with Different Injection Angles on Performance of a Vaned Type Novel Air Turbine
2010Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:Globally faster consumption of hydrocarbon fuel in the transport sector is posing threat to environmental and ecological imbalances and thereby depletion of hydro-carbon fuel is causing another challenge to oil reserves. In view of these issues extensive researches are being carried out to explore the alternative energy source and or to find out appropriate energy conversion system. The atmospheric air once compressed, it is found as potential Working fluid to produce Shaft Work for an air turbine and releases almost zero pollution in the environment. This paper details the mathematical modeling of a small capacity compressed air driven novel multi-vanes type air turbine. Effect of expansion of high pressure air collected between two consecutive vanes at different vane angles and varying inlet pressure have been analyzed here. The study shows that the total Shaft power is found optimum at injection angle 60o when vane angle θ=36 (10 vanes) and it reduces at injection angle 45 when vane angle θ=51.4 (7 vanes) and further goes down at injection angle 30 when vane angle θ=60-72 (6-5 vanes), for injection pressure 6 bar and speed of rotation 2500 rpm. Keywords—zero pollution, compressed air, air turbine, flow power, vane angle.
Bharat Raj Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Compressed Air as a Clean Energy Source for Vehicles
SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:In today’s civilization the excessive use of hydrocarbon fuels in transport sector is causing serious effect on environmental damage to the extent of 77.8% due to its tail pipe emission which mainly releases: carbon dioxide, carbon mono-oxide, nitrous oxide, and other un-burnt gases contributing to green house gases. The excessive consumption of hydrocarbon fuel has also led to the danger of depletion of hydrocarbon fuel and oil wells are likely to be dried around 2047, leaving much disastrous effect like global warming, tsunami, hurricane and health hazards etc.. This paper describes the compressed air as a clean energy source that can be utilized with the help of suitable air driven engine to develop Shaft Work to run the light transport vehicles along with compressed air storage tank system. A novel rotary air engine has been designed and developed to produce 73–97% of its performance efficiency. Supplementing the hydrocarbon fueled vehicles with the use of compressed air for running vehicles will significantly control the emissions and enhance the energy sustainability.
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Analytical Evaluations of Shaft Output on Different Rotor to Casing Diameter Ratios at Optimal Value of Vane and Injection Angles for a Multi-Vane Air Turbine
SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:The atmospheric air is freely available but once it is compressed, it develops the potential power source for running any prime mover as a zero pollutant. Thus air turbine proposed to be installed here on motorbike transforms the energy of the compressed air into Shaft Work in place of an internal combustion engine. This paper details a mathematical modeling and performance evaluation of an air driven vane type rotary novel air turbine / engine. The effect of isobaric admission and adiabatic expansion of high pressure air for different rotor to casing diameter ratios at optimum vane and injection angles as 450, 300 respectively have been considered and analyzed. The optimum Work output is seen at some typical values of rotor / casing diameter ratios at moderate air consumptions. In this study, the power obtained along linear expansion (without excessive air consumption) as 6.0-7.6 kW (8-10 HP) between rotor to casing diameter ratios 0.85 to 0.80, at casing diameter of 200 mm, injection pressure of 90 psi (6 bar) and speed of rotation 2500 rpm which is enough to run any motorbike or light vehicle.
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Study of Performance of Shaft output with Rotor-to-Casing Ratios versus Different Vane Angles Adopting Practical Approach on a Novel Multi-Vane Air Turbine
Global Journal of Research In Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, SinghAbstract:A concept of using compressed atmospheric air as an alternative to fossil fuel and zero pollution power sources for running light vehicle such as: motorbikes etc.. Here considered vehicle is equipped with an air turbine in place of an internal combustion engine, and transforms the compressed air energy into Shaft Work. The mathematical modeling shown here is reproduced from author’s earlier publications on a small capacity compressed air driven vaned type novel air turbine. The effect of different rotor to casing diameter ratios with respect to different vane angles (number of vanes) have been considered and analyzed under specific parametric conditions. The Shaft Work output is found optimum adopting practical conditions of rotor / casing diameter ratios on a particular value of vane angle (no. of vanes). In this study, the maximum power is obtained as 4.02 kW (5.6 HP) when casing diameter is taken 100 mm, and rotor to casing diameter ratio is kept from 0.70, as the construction of turbine can be fabricated between rotor to casing (d/D) ratio from 0.95 to 0.70 only. It is learnt that the generated power output of 4.02 kW (5.6 HP) is sufficient to run any motorbike.
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Study of the influence of vane angle on Shaft output of a multivane air turbine
Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:Faster consumption of hydrocarbon fuel in the transport sector is posing global threat of depletion of fossil fuel reserves. Studies are being extensively done to search for an alternative energy source and/or to find out appropriate energy conversion system. Among various alternatives, the use of compressed atmospheric air in air turbine is an attractive option provided the atmospheric air is compressed by natural sources such as sun energy, wind energy, etc. It has the capability to produce Shaft Work with almost zero pollution in the environment. This paper details the mathematical modeling of a small capacity compressed air driven multivane air turbine. The effect of having different vane angles and inlet pressure on Shaft Work output has been studied and analyzed here. The study shows that the flow Work has significant contribution in total Work output and varies from 1.5% to 16.3% at different pressures, 2–6 bars, and injection angles, 30°–60°. The total Shaft Work is found to be maximum at vane ang...
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Study of effect of rotor vanes to rotor-casing dimensions on performance of a zero pollution vane type novel air turbine
2010Co-Authors: Bharat Raj Singh, Onkar SinghAbstract:This article describes a new concept of compressed air energy storage system using atmospheric air at ambient temperature as a power source for running zero pollution vehicle (ZPV) such as a motorcycle. The proposed air turbine transforms the energy of the compressed air into Shaft Work. The mathematical modeling and performance evaluation of a small capacity compressed air driven vaned type novel air turbine is presented here. The effect of isobaric admission and adiabatic expansion of high pressure air for different vane numbers to rotor-casing diameter ratios have been considered and analyzed. It is found that the Shaft Work output is optimum for some typical values of number of vanes at particular rotor-casing diameter ratios. In this study, the casing diameter is considered 50, 100 and 150 mm and rotor to casing diameter ratios are varied from 0.95 to 0.55 and vane numbers from 4 - 12 and the air turbine is found to develop maximum power to the order of 1.3, 5.3 (7.1 HP) and 11.9 kW respectively where 5.3 kW power developed with casing diameter 100 mm is sufficient to run motorcycles.
Zacharias B. Maroulis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Solar energy exploitation for reverse osmosis desalination plants
Desalination, 1998Co-Authors: N. G. Voros, Chris T. Kiranoudis, Zacharias B. MaroulisAbstract:Solar energy exploitation for assisting the operation of reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination plants was investigated. A hybrid solar-assisted steam cycle was designed in order to provide the required Shaft Work to drive the RO plant high pressure pump. Two problems have been analyzed. The design problem concerned the determination of the optimum plant characteristics with respect to already installed solar assisted desalination plants with respect to plant capacity and regional climatological particularities were also studied. The methodology adopted was based on an appropriate mathematical formulation of the climatological effects on the solar-assisted desalination plant efficiency. The optimization problems studied were solved using mathematical programming techniques. Generalized design curves were produced for process, structural, and operational variables, while the effect of secondary plant parameters was also studied.Solar energy exploitation for assisting the operation of reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination plants was investigated. A hybrid solar-assisted steam cycle was designed in order to provide the required Shaft Work to drive the RO plant high pressure pump. Two problems have been analyzed. The design problem concerned the determination of the optimum plant characteristics with respect to membrane modules and solar system size for different capacity levels and various sites. Operational aspects of already installed solar assisted desalination plants with respect to plant capacity and regional climatological particularities were also studied. The methodology adopted was based on an appropriate mathematical formulation of the climatological effects on the solar-assisted desalination plant efficiency. The optimization problems studied were solved using mathematical programming techniques. Generalized design curves were produced for process, structural, and operational variables, while the effect of secondary plant parameters was also studied
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Solar energy exploitation for reverse osmosis desalination plants
Desalination, 1998Co-Authors: N. G. Voros, Chris T. Kiranoudis, Zacharias B. MaroulisAbstract:Solar energy exploitation for assisting the operation of reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination plants was investigated. A hybrid solar-assisted steam cycle was designed in order to provide the required Shaft Work to drive the RO plant high pressure pump. Two problems have been analyzed. The design problem concerned the determination of the optimum plant characteristics with respect to membrane modules and solar system size for different capacity levels and various sites. Operational aspects of already installed solar assisted desalination plants with respect to plant capacity and regional climatological particularities were also studied. The methodology adopted was based on an appropriate mathematical formulation of the climatological effects on the solar-assisted desalination plant efficiency. The optimization problems studied were solved using mathematical programming techniques. Generalized design curves were produced for process, structural, and operational variables, while the effect of secondary plant parameters was also studied.
Thokozani Majozi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Steam system netWork synthesis with hot liquid reuse: II. Incorporating Shaft Work and optimum steam levels
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Sheldon G. Beangstrom, Thokozani MajoziAbstract:Abstract In this first of a series of two papers, the effects of varying steam levels on the total steam flowrate are analyzed mathematically for the traditional parallel configuration as well as for the case of hot liquid reuse. It is demonstrated that in the case of parallel heat exchangers utilizing only latent heat, a minimum total steam flowrate is obtained by optimally selecting steam levels, but that in the case of hot liquid reuse, introducing multiple steam levels increases the minimum total steam flowrate attainable under those conditions. The flowrate attained utilizing hot liquid reuse, however, remains lower than when only utilizing latent heat. It is concluded that the lowest steam flowrate is attained using hot liquid reuse and only a single level of steam, but that the presence of additional steam levels resulting from turbines requires a more holistic approach to the synthesis of steam netWorks.
M. José Cocero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Energy recovery from effluents of supercritical water oxidation reactors
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2015Co-Authors: Yoana García-rodríguez, Fidel Mato, Alexandra Martín, M. Dolores Bermejo, M. José CoceroAbstract:Abstract Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) reactors can process waste effluents achieving high conversions, but the required extreme pressure and temperature operational conditions entail high-energy operational expenditure. SCWO has the potential to be considered a clean energy generation process, as the process effluent is a high temperature, high pressure stream with a high enthalpy content that can be converted to heat and Shaft Work. This ensures the self-sustained reaction and can generate excess Shaft power to drive both the high-pressure pump and the air compressor. On the contrary, an efficient heat and power recovery from SCWO reactors outlet streams using conventional procedures presents several problems. First, Rankine cycles impose indirect heat transfer to the Working fluid and are unable to recover the pressure energy and second, direct expansion of the effluents entails costly development of specific, efficient expansion equipment. In this Work, we investigate the options for energy recovery of SCWO reactors coupled with commercial gas turbines (GT). SCWO outlet streams are mainly composed of water, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. These operating values nearly resemble the well-known and already-implemented GT steam injection procedures. The temperature of the flue gases (approx. 500 °C) and the direct Shaft Work usage offers adequate energy integration possibilities for both feed preheating and compression. The wide range of commercially available GT sizes enables process scaling.
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Energetic approach of biomass hydrolysis in supercritical water.
Bioresource technology, 2014Co-Authors: Danilo A. Cantero, Fidel Mato, M. Dolores Bermejo, Luis Vaquerizo, M. José CoceroAbstract:Cellulose hydrolysis can be performed in supercritical water with a high selectivity of soluble sugars. The process produces high-pressure steam that can be integrated, from an energy point of view, with the whole biomass treating process. This Work investigates the integration of biomass hydrolysis reactors with commercial combined heat and power (CHP) schemes, with special attention to reactor outlet streams. The innovation developed in this Work allows adequate energy integration possibilities for heating and compression by using high temperature of the flue gases and direct Shaft Work from the turbine. The integration of biomass hydrolysis with a CHP process allows the selective conversion of biomass into sugars with low heat requirements. Integrating these two processes, the CHP scheme yield is enhanced around 10% by injecting water in the gas turbine. Furthermore, the hydrolysis reactor can be held at 400°C and 23 MPa using only the gas turbine outlet streams.