The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Martin A Green - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The path to 25% Silicon solar Cell efficiency: History of Silicon Cell evolution
Progress in Photovoltaics, 2009Co-Authors: Martin A GreenAbstract:The first Silicon solar Cell was reported in 1941 and had less than 1% energy conversion efficiency compared to the 25% efficiency milestone reported in this paper. Standardisation of past measurements shows there has been a 57% improvement between confirmed results in 1983 and the present result. The features of the Cell structure responsible for the most recent performance increase are described and the history of crystalline and multicrystalline Silicon Cell efficiency evolution is documented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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the path to 25 Silicon solar Cell efficiency history of Silicon Cell evolution
Progress in Photovoltaics, 2009Co-Authors: Martin A GreenAbstract:The first Silicon solar Cell was reported in 1941 and had less than 1% energy conversion efficiency compared to the 25% efficiency milestone reported in this paper. Standardisation of past measurements shows there has been a 57% improvement between confirmed results in 1983 and the present result. The features of the Cell structure responsible for the most recent performance increase are described and the history of crystalline and multicrystalline Silicon Cell efficiency evolution is documented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Recent progress in Silicon solar Cells
1998 Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices. Proceedings (Cat. No.98EX140), 1998Co-Authors: Martin A Green, Jianhua Zhao, Aihua WangAbstract:The present paper reports two recent independently confirmed results for Silicon solar Cell efficiency. An improved efficiency for an individual Silicon Cell of 24.5% is reported, the highest ever, as is 19.8% efficiency for a multicrystalline Silicon Cell, the latter representing a 6.5% relative improvement over the previously best result. Not only does the latter result for this relatively low quality material closely approach the 20% efficiency mark, once thought to be a limit on Silicon Cell performance regardless of multicrystalline material quality, but it also shows the potential for such multicrystalline material exceeding the performance capacity of standard crystalline Czochralski material.
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high efficiency multicrystalline Silicon solar Cells using standard high temperature float zoned Cell processing
Progress in Photovoltaics, 1997Co-Authors: Jianhua Zhao, Aihua Wang, Martin A GreenAbstract:This paper reports recent results of fabricating multicrystalline Silicon solar Cells with the standard PERL (passivated emitter, rear locally-diffused) Cell high-temperature processing sequence originally developed for float-zoned wafers. One of these multicrystalline Silicon Cells with a planar front surface demonstrated a 645-mV open-circuit voltage and 18.2% energy conversion efficiency tested at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories under the 100 mW cm−2 AM1.5 global spectrum at 25°C. This is the highest confirmed voltage and one of the highest confirmed conversion efficiencies ever reported to date for a multicrystalline Silicon Cell. Further optimization of the standard PERL processing and texturing of the Cell surfaces is expected to improve the Cell efficiency to over 19% in the near future. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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18.2% efficient multicrystalline Silicon Cell
Conference Record of the Twenty Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1997, 1997Co-Authors: Jianhua Zhao, Pietro P. Altermatt, Aihua Wang, Martin A GreenAbstract:This paper reports an 18.2% energy conversion efficiency and a 645 mV open-circuit voltage from a multicrystalline Silicon Cell with a planar front surface tested at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories under the 100 mW/cm/sup 2/ AM1.5 global spectrum at 25/spl deg/C. This is one of the highest confirmed conversion efficiencies and the highest confirmed open-circuit voltage ever reported to date for a multicrystalline Silicon Cell. Significantly, these HEM (heat exchange method) multicrystalline Silicon solar Cells were processed with the standard PERL (passivated emitter, rear locally-diffused) Cell high-temperature processing sequence originally developed for float zoned wafers. The high temperature PERL Cell processing did not damage the substrate properties.
Ming Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the performance analysis of the trough concentrating solar photovoltaic thermal system
Energy Conversion and Management, 2011Co-Authors: Ming Li, Guoliang Li, Xu Ji, L XuAbstract:Abstract The electrical and thermal performance of a 2 m 2 Trough Concentrating Photovoltaic/Thermal (TCPV/T) system with an energy flux ratio 10.27 are characterized by experiments. A single crystalline Silicon solar Cell array, a polycrystalline Silicon Cell array, a Super Cell array and a GaAs Cell array are respectively used in the experiments. The experimental results show that the electrical performance of the system with the GaAs Cell array is better than that of crystal Silicon solar Cell arrays. The superior output performance of the GaAs Cell array mainly benefits from its lower series resistance. But the thermal performances of the system using the single crystal Silicon solar Cell array and the polycrystalline Silicon solar Cell array are better. It results from the widths of the two types of Cells in the system close to that of the focal line. Another 10 m 2 TCPV/T system with an energy flux ratio of 20 using the GaAs Cell array and a concentrating Silicon Cell array are also constructed and characterized. The experimental results indicate that the photoelectric efficiency of the GaAs Cell array is 23.83%, and the instantaneous electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of the system are 9.88% and 49.84% respectively. While the instantaneous electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of the system using the low-cost concentrating Silicon Cell array are 7.51% and 42.4% respectively. The economic performance analysis show the electricity generating cost of the TCPV/T system with the concentrating Silicon Cell array can catch up with flat-plate PV system, but besides electricity generation, the TCPV/T system supplies extra heat energy to users.
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performance investigation and optimization of the trough concentrating photovoltaic thermal system
Solar Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Ming Li, Guihua Li, Xu Ji, Z. M. Yang, Liuling WangAbstract:Abstract The overall performances of a 10 m2 Trough Concentrating Photovoltaic/Thermal (TCPV/T) system with a Super Cell array, a GaAs Cell array and a concentrating Silicon Cell array are investigated. The experimental results show that the average electrical efficiencies of the TCPV/T system with the three types of solar Cell arrays are 3.63%, 8.94%, and 3.67% respectively in typical synoptic condition. The thermal efficiencies of the TCPV/T system with the three types of solar Cell arrays are 45.17%, 41.69%, and 34.53% respectively after the TCPV/T system runs over 5 h. The TCPV/T system with the three types of Cell arrays is also evaluated based on the electricity generation costs. From the point of the performance price ratio, the concentrating Silicon Cell array is preferable for the system with a middle or low concentration ratio. In order to improve the performance of the TCPV/T system, a 2 m2 experimental system utilizing the mirrors with a higher reflectivity is built. In concentrating irradiance, when the mirror reflectivity increases from 0.69 to 0.92, even the area of the reflecting mirrors reduce, the maximum powers of the Cell arrays increase. The electrical efficiencies of the system using a Super Cell array, a GaAs Cell array and a concentrating Silicon Cell array rise by 0.9%, 2.62% and 5.47% respectively. The high reflectivity of the parabolic mirror is pursued. All these works are helpful to the further study on the trough concentrating system.
Aihua Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recent progress in Silicon solar Cells
1998 Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices. Proceedings (Cat. No.98EX140), 1998Co-Authors: Martin A Green, Jianhua Zhao, Aihua WangAbstract:The present paper reports two recent independently confirmed results for Silicon solar Cell efficiency. An improved efficiency for an individual Silicon Cell of 24.5% is reported, the highest ever, as is 19.8% efficiency for a multicrystalline Silicon Cell, the latter representing a 6.5% relative improvement over the previously best result. Not only does the latter result for this relatively low quality material closely approach the 20% efficiency mark, once thought to be a limit on Silicon Cell performance regardless of multicrystalline material quality, but it also shows the potential for such multicrystalline material exceeding the performance capacity of standard crystalline Czochralski material.
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high efficiency multicrystalline Silicon solar Cells using standard high temperature float zoned Cell processing
Progress in Photovoltaics, 1997Co-Authors: Jianhua Zhao, Aihua Wang, Martin A GreenAbstract:This paper reports recent results of fabricating multicrystalline Silicon solar Cells with the standard PERL (passivated emitter, rear locally-diffused) Cell high-temperature processing sequence originally developed for float-zoned wafers. One of these multicrystalline Silicon Cells with a planar front surface demonstrated a 645-mV open-circuit voltage and 18.2% energy conversion efficiency tested at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories under the 100 mW cm−2 AM1.5 global spectrum at 25°C. This is the highest confirmed voltage and one of the highest confirmed conversion efficiencies ever reported to date for a multicrystalline Silicon Cell. Further optimization of the standard PERL processing and texturing of the Cell surfaces is expected to improve the Cell efficiency to over 19% in the near future. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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18.2% efficient multicrystalline Silicon Cell
Conference Record of the Twenty Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1997, 1997Co-Authors: Jianhua Zhao, Pietro P. Altermatt, Aihua Wang, Martin A GreenAbstract:This paper reports an 18.2% energy conversion efficiency and a 645 mV open-circuit voltage from a multicrystalline Silicon Cell with a planar front surface tested at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories under the 100 mW/cm/sup 2/ AM1.5 global spectrum at 25/spl deg/C. This is one of the highest confirmed conversion efficiencies and the highest confirmed open-circuit voltage ever reported to date for a multicrystalline Silicon Cell. Significantly, these HEM (heat exchange method) multicrystalline Silicon solar Cells were processed with the standard PERL (passivated emitter, rear locally-diffused) Cell high-temperature processing sequence originally developed for float zoned wafers. The high temperature PERL Cell processing did not damage the substrate properties.
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21.5% Efficient thin Silicon solar Cell
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 1996Co-Authors: Aihua Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Stuart Wenham, Martin A GreenAbstract:Although many calculations since the early 1980s have predicted that high performance in thin crystalline Silicon Cells is feasible, performance levels demonstrated in the past have been quite modest. Using a self-supporting Silicon membrane, experimen tal energy conversion efficiency above 20% is described for the first time for a Silicon Cell of less than 50 μm thickness, with efficiency up to 21.5% independently confirmed for a 47-μm thick device. The Cells demonstrate a better ability to tra p light internally within their structure than any previously measured device. They also demonstrate the surface passivation benefits of the recently described parallel multijunction thin-film Silicon Cell approach.
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Concentrator Silicon Cell research
1992Co-Authors: Green, Stuart Wenham, Jianhua Zhao, F. Zhang, Aihua WangAbstract:This project continued the developments of high-efficiency Silicon concentrator solar Cells with the goal of achieving a Cell efficiency in the 26 to 27 percent range at a concentration level of 150 suns of greater. The target efficiency was achieved with the new PERL (passivated emitter, rear locally diffused) Cell structure, but only at low concentration levels around 20 suns. The PERL structure combines oxide passivation of both top and rear surfaces of the Cells with small area contact to heavily doped regions on the top and rear surfaces. Efficiency in the 22 to 23 percent range was also demonstrated for large-area concentrator Cells fabricated with the buried contact solar Cell processing sequence, either when combined with prismatic covers or with other innovative approaches to reduce top contact shadowing. 19 refs.
L Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the performance analysis of the trough concentrating solar photovoltaic thermal system
Energy Conversion and Management, 2011Co-Authors: Ming Li, Guoliang Li, Xu Ji, L XuAbstract:Abstract The electrical and thermal performance of a 2 m 2 Trough Concentrating Photovoltaic/Thermal (TCPV/T) system with an energy flux ratio 10.27 are characterized by experiments. A single crystalline Silicon solar Cell array, a polycrystalline Silicon Cell array, a Super Cell array and a GaAs Cell array are respectively used in the experiments. The experimental results show that the electrical performance of the system with the GaAs Cell array is better than that of crystal Silicon solar Cell arrays. The superior output performance of the GaAs Cell array mainly benefits from its lower series resistance. But the thermal performances of the system using the single crystal Silicon solar Cell array and the polycrystalline Silicon solar Cell array are better. It results from the widths of the two types of Cells in the system close to that of the focal line. Another 10 m 2 TCPV/T system with an energy flux ratio of 20 using the GaAs Cell array and a concentrating Silicon Cell array are also constructed and characterized. The experimental results indicate that the photoelectric efficiency of the GaAs Cell array is 23.83%, and the instantaneous electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of the system are 9.88% and 49.84% respectively. While the instantaneous electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of the system using the low-cost concentrating Silicon Cell array are 7.51% and 42.4% respectively. The economic performance analysis show the electricity generating cost of the TCPV/T system with the concentrating Silicon Cell array can catch up with flat-plate PV system, but besides electricity generation, the TCPV/T system supplies extra heat energy to users.
Fang Yin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The performance analysis of the Trough Concentrating Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal system
Energy Conversion and Management, 2011Co-Authors: Fang YinAbstract:Abstract The electrical and thermal performance of a 2 m 2 Trough Concentrating Photovoltaic/Thermal (TCPV/T) system with an energy flux ratio 10.27 are characterized by experiments. A single crystalline Silicon solar Cell array, a polycrystalline Silicon Cell array, a Super Cell array and a GaAs Cell array are respectively used in the experiments. The experimental results show that the electrical performance of the system with the GaAs Cell array is better than that of crystal Silicon solar Cell arrays. The superior output performance of the GaAs Cell array mainly benefits from its lower series resistance. But the thermal performances of the system using the single crystal Silicon solar Cell array and the polycrystalline Silicon solar Cell array are better. It results from the widths of the two types of Cells in the system close to that of the focal line. Another 10 m 2 TCPV/T system with an energy flux ratio of 20 using the GaAs Cell array and a concentrating Silicon Cell array are also constructed and characterized. The experimental results indicate that the photoelectric efficiency of the GaAs Cell array is 23.83%, and the instantaneous electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of the system are 9.88% and 49.84% respectively. While the instantaneous electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of the system using the low-cost concentrating Silicon Cell array are 7.51% and 42.4% respectively. The economic performance analysis show the electricity generating cost of the TCPV/T system with the concentrating Silicon Cell array can catch up with flat-plate PV system, but besides electricity generation, the TCPV/T system supplies extra heat energy to users.