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Nadia Vignozzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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field application of pelletized biochar short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14Mgha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC).
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Field application of pelletized biochar: Short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:Abstract The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14 Mg ha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC). In both the treatments, soil bulk density (BD) was significantly lower compared to control (Co), apparently as direct consequence of the addition of low density pellets. Actually, excluding the intrinsic biochar porosity from soil bulk density calculation, BD values of the treated soils remain lower of around 10% over Co. Such findings suggest that a modification of soil structural characteristics might have been induced by pellet addition. Data of the SWRCs indicate a significant increase in transmission (500–50 μm), storage (50–0.5 μm) and AWC pores (30–0.2 μm) for the amended soils. The pyrolysis process seemed to differentiate the extent of direct biochar contribution expressed by AWC values The addition of pelletized biochar was able to enhance the soil water retention properties even in the short term, and such improvement might be correlated to both the inherent biochar retention capacity and to a more functional rearrangement of soil aggregates/particles with pellets.
M. Ubertosi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of integrated weed management based cropping systems on the water retention of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Soil and Tillage Research, 2016Co-Authors: C.c. Ugarte Nano, Bernard Nicolardot, M. Quinche, Nathalie Munier-jolain, M. UbertosiAbstract:Abstract Integrated weed management (IWM) based cropping systems employ a combination of agricultural techniques to manage weed communities. However, the effect of such a combination of agricultural techniques on soil hydraulic properties has received little attention. Main objective of our work was to evaluate the soil water retention of the superficial layer (3–15 cm depth) of 5 cropping systems of which 4 were based on IWM principles. Firstly, the effects of natural variability of soil properties on soil water retention were first evaluated for the 5 plots of the experimental site and then the effects of agricultural practices were investigated. To isolate the effects of soil properties from the effects of soil structure induced by agricultural practices on water retention, two different sample treatments (repacked and undisturbed samples) were set up. Significant differences between cropping systems in soil water retention were found for each soil sample treatment. For the repacked soil samples, significant differences were related to the slight spatial variability of Clay content and the initial organic C gradient existing between cropping systems, whereas for undisturbed soil samples the significant differences observed were related to the combined effects of agricultural practices and higher Clay and organic C contents. The highest water retention of undisturbed soil samples was found for the IWM-based cropping system without any herbicide and with a high frequency of shallow agricultural operations per year while the lowest values were found for the conventionally tilled cropping system. For the no-tillage cropping system low water retention values were found close to saturation, while high water retention values were found at the dry-end of the water retention curve. In conclusion, our work shows that, in the case of Silty Clay Loam soil with shrinkage/swelling behavior, high Clay and organic C contents and very frequent superficial tillage increased soil water retention.
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Near-saturated hydraulic conductivity measured on a swelling Silty Clay Loam for three integrated weed management based cropping systems
Soil and Tillage Research, 2015Co-Authors: Claudia Carolina Ugarte Nano, Bernard Nicolardot, M. UbertosiAbstract:Integrated weed management (IWM)-based cropping systems included diversified agricultural practices (i.e., diversified crop rotations with diversified sowing dates, false seed-bed technique, delayed autumn sowing and mechanical weeding) to reduce the dependence to herbicide, some of these influencing soil hydraulic properties. The aim of our study was to assess the vertical and annual variability of the near-saturated hydraulic conductivity K(h) for IWM-based cropping systems. The three cropping systems considered were classified as no-till cropping system S2 and moderate to intensive tillage cropping systems S4 and S5. The soil of cropping systems was a well-structured Silty Clay Loam soil with shrink-swell behavior. Soil was studied at three depths (10, 20 and 50 cm) and during two or three annual measurement campaigns. The tension disc infiltrometer device was used to measure steady state flows at −5, −3, −2 and −1 cm pressure heads for all the cropping systems, horizons and measurement campaigns. The steady state flows were used to derive K(h) at each pressure head applied as well as the effective macroporosity. No vertical variability was found on K(h) for any of the cropping systems due to well-developed porosity networks throughout the soil profiles, confirmed by comparable average effective macroporosity values between all soil horizons and with the presence of non-equilibrium flows and water repellency behaviors at all soil horizons. The consequences for modeling the water flow of well-structured Clayey soil imply taking into account comparable values of K(h) for all soil horizons and considerably simplifies the work of modelers. The no-till cropping system S2 presented time-invariable K(h) under different θi, which was in agreement with the equally time-invariable macroporosity results. For cropping system S4, K(h) variability was found to be in agreement with θi variability, which was confirmed to be inversely correlated to K(h). As expected, the K(h) of cropping system S5 was found to be stable through time, in agreement with its comparable θi Moreover, our results allowed confirming the temporal stability of no-till cropping system S2 compared to superficially tilled cropping systems S4 and S5.
Maria Costanza Andrenelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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field application of pelletized biochar short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14Mgha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC).
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Field application of pelletized biochar: Short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:Abstract The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14 Mg ha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC). In both the treatments, soil bulk density (BD) was significantly lower compared to control (Co), apparently as direct consequence of the addition of low density pellets. Actually, excluding the intrinsic biochar porosity from soil bulk density calculation, BD values of the treated soils remain lower of around 10% over Co. Such findings suggest that a modification of soil structural characteristics might have been induced by pellet addition. Data of the SWRCs indicate a significant increase in transmission (500–50 μm), storage (50–0.5 μm) and AWC pores (30–0.2 μm) for the amended soils. The pyrolysis process seemed to differentiate the extent of direct biochar contribution expressed by AWC values The addition of pelletized biochar was able to enhance the soil water retention properties even in the short term, and such improvement might be correlated to both the inherent biochar retention capacity and to a more functional rearrangement of soil aggregates/particles with pellets.
Francesco Primo Vaccari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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field application of pelletized biochar short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14Mgha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC).
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Field application of pelletized biochar: Short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:Abstract The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14 Mg ha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC). In both the treatments, soil bulk density (BD) was significantly lower compared to control (Co), apparently as direct consequence of the addition of low density pellets. Actually, excluding the intrinsic biochar porosity from soil bulk density calculation, BD values of the treated soils remain lower of around 10% over Co. Such findings suggest that a modification of soil structural characteristics might have been induced by pellet addition. Data of the SWRCs indicate a significant increase in transmission (500–50 μm), storage (50–0.5 μm) and AWC pores (30–0.2 μm) for the amended soils. The pyrolysis process seemed to differentiate the extent of direct biochar contribution expressed by AWC values The addition of pelletized biochar was able to enhance the soil water retention properties even in the short term, and such improvement might be correlated to both the inherent biochar retention capacity and to a more functional rearrangement of soil aggregates/particles with pellets.
Sergio Pellegrini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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field application of pelletized biochar short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14Mgha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC).
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Field application of pelletized biochar: Short term effect on the hydrological properties of a Silty Clay Loam soil
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Anita Maienza, Lorenzo Genesio, F Miglietta, Sergio Pellegrini, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Nadia VignozziAbstract:Abstract The field application of pelletized biochar is seldom employed and its effect on soil hydrological behavior scarcely investigated. Biochar is usually added in powdered or granular form to improve the homogeneity of distribution, meanwhile favoring its interaction with soil matrix. In this paper we evaluated the possibility of applying pelletized biochar as soil conditioner during a single cropping season of a tomato cultivation. For that purpose, the water retention curves (WRCs) were determined three months after the addition of two differently pyrolysed biochars (B1 and B2), at the rate of 14 Mg ha−1, to a Silty Clay Loam soil prone to compaction. Starting from the WRCs the pore size distribution was determined. The gravimetric water content at both field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP) was also measured on biochar samples to assess their available water capacity (AWC). In both the treatments, soil bulk density (BD) was significantly lower compared to control (Co), apparently as direct consequence of the addition of low density pellets. Actually, excluding the intrinsic biochar porosity from soil bulk density calculation, BD values of the treated soils remain lower of around 10% over Co. Such findings suggest that a modification of soil structural characteristics might have been induced by pellet addition. Data of the SWRCs indicate a significant increase in transmission (500–50 μm), storage (50–0.5 μm) and AWC pores (30–0.2 μm) for the amended soils. The pyrolysis process seemed to differentiate the extent of direct biochar contribution expressed by AWC values The addition of pelletized biochar was able to enhance the soil water retention properties even in the short term, and such improvement might be correlated to both the inherent biochar retention capacity and to a more functional rearrangement of soil aggregates/particles with pellets.