The Experts below are selected from a list of 4473 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hongjin Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis and thermal and wetting properties of tin Silver Alloy nanoparticles for low melting point lead free solders
Chemistry of Materials, 2007Co-Authors: Hongjin Jiang, Kyoung-sik Moon, Chingping WongAbstract:Tin/Silver Alloy nanoparticles with various sizes were synthesized via a low-temperature chemical reduction method, and their thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The particle size dependency of the melting temperature and the latent heat of fusion was observed. The melting point was achieved as low as 194 °C when the average diameter of the Alloy nanoparticles was around 10 nm. The wetting test for as-prepared 64 nm (average diameter) SnAg Alloy nanoparticle pastes on a Cu surface showed the typical Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound (IMC) formation. These low melting point SnAg Alloy nanoparticles could be used for low-temperature lead-free interconnect applications.
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Tin/Silver Alloy nanoparticles for low temperature lead-free interconnect applications
2007 12th International Symposium on Advanced Packaging Materials: Processes Properties and Interfaces, 2007Co-Authors: Hongjin Jiang, Kyoung-sik Moon, C. P. WongAbstract:A chemical reduction method was used to synthesize tin/Silver Alloy nanoparticles with various sizes and their thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Both the particle size dependent melting temperature and latent heat of fusion have been observed. The melting point can be achieved as low as 194 °C when the diameter of the nanoparticles is around 10 nm. The 64 nm (average diameter) SnAg Alloy nanoparticle pastes showed good wetting properties on the cleaned copper foil surface and the intermetallic compounds formed. These low melting point SnAg Alloy nanoparticles could be used for low temperature lead-free interconnect applications.
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Thermal Properties of Tin/Silver Alloy Nanoparticles for Low Temperature Lead-free Interconnect Technology
2007 Proceedings 57th Electronic Components and Technology Conference, 2007Co-Authors: Hongjin Jiang, Kyoung-sik Moon, C. P. WongAbstract:Tin/Silver Alloy nanoparticles with various sizes were synthesized by the chemical reduction method and their thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Both the particle size dependent melting temperature and latent heat of fusion have been observed. The melting point can be achieved as low as 194degC when the diameter of the nanoparticles is around 10 nm. The 64 nm (average diameter) SnAg Alloy nanoparticle pastes showed good wetting properties on the cleaned copper foil surface and the intermetallic compounds formed. These low melting point SnAg Alloy nanoparticles could be used for low temperature lead-free interconnect applications.
Sanjay Saint - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the potential clinical and economic benefits of Silver Alloy urinary catheters in preventing urinary tract infection
JAMA Internal Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Sanjay Saint, David L Veenstra, Sean D Sullivan, Carol E Chenoweth, Mark A FendrickAbstract:Background Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and costs. A recent meta-analysis concluded that Silver Alloy catheters reduce the incidence of UTI by 3-fold; however, clinicians must decide whether the efficacy of such catheters is worth the extra per unit cost of $5.30. Objective To assess the clinical and economic impact of using Silver Alloy urinary catheters in hospitalized patients. Methods The decision model, performed from the health care payer's perspective, evaluated a simulated cohort of 1000 hospitalized patients on general medical, surgical, urologic, and intensive care services requiring short-term urethral catheterization (2-10 days). We compared 2 catheterization strategies: Silver Alloy catheters and standard (noncoated) urinary catheters. Outcomes included the incidence of symptomatic UTI and bacteremia and direct medical costs. Results In the base-case analysis, use of Silver-coated catheters led to a 47% relative decrease in the incidence of symptomatic UTI from 30 to 16 cases per 1000 patients (number needed to treat = 74) and a 44% relative decrease in the incidence of bacteremia from 4.5 to 2.5 cases per 1000 patients (number needed to treat = 500) compared with standard catheters. Use of Silver Alloy catheters resulted in estimated cost savings of $4.09 per patient compared with standard catheter use ($20.87 vs $16.78). In a multivariate sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation, Silver-coated catheters provided clinical benefits over standard catheters in all cases and cost savings in 84% of cases. Conclusions Using Silver Alloy catheters in hospitalized patients requiring short-term urinary catheterization reduces the incidence of symptomatic UTI and bacteremia, and is likely to produce cost savings compared with standard catheters.
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the efficacy of Silver Alloy coated urinary catheters in preventing urinary tract infection a meta analysis
The American Journal of Medicine, 1998Co-Authors: Sanjay Saint, Sean D Sullivan, Joann G Elmore, Scott S Emerson, Thomas D KoepsellAbstract:PURPOSE: Indwelling urinary catheters are implicated in most cases of nosocomial urinary tract infection. Silver-coating of catheters may reduce the risk of these infections; however, trials have provided mixed results. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the effectiveness of Silver-coated urinary catheters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Published or unpublished articles were sought using MEDLINE, reference review, and correspondence with original authors, catheter manufacturers, and experts. Trials using Silver-coated urinary catheters in the treatment group and uncoated urinary catheters in the control group were included. Bacteriuria, as evaluated by urine culture, was the outcome variable used to indicate urinary tract infection. Summary odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Mantel-Haenszel methods with a fixed-effects model. RESULTS: Of 117 reports retrieved, eight trials with a total of 2,355 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The summary OR for urinary tract infection was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.84) indicating a significant benefit in the patients receiving Silver-coated catheters. A test of heterogeneity, however, indicated that the odds ratios varied significantly among studies. Silver Alloy catheters (OR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.52) were significantly more protective against bacteriuria than Silver oxide catheters (OR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.10). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis clarifies discrepant results among trials of Silver-coated urinary catheters by revealing that Silver Alloy catheters are significantly more effective in preventing urinary tract infections than are Silver oxide catheters. Though Silver Alloy urinary catheters cost about $6 more than standard urinary catheters, they may be worth the extra cost since catheter-related infection is a common cause of nosocomial infection and bacteremia.
Chingping Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis and thermal and wetting properties of tin Silver Alloy nanoparticles for low melting point lead free solders
Chemistry of Materials, 2007Co-Authors: Hongjin Jiang, Kyoung-sik Moon, Chingping WongAbstract:Tin/Silver Alloy nanoparticles with various sizes were synthesized via a low-temperature chemical reduction method, and their thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The particle size dependency of the melting temperature and the latent heat of fusion was observed. The melting point was achieved as low as 194 °C when the average diameter of the Alloy nanoparticles was around 10 nm. The wetting test for as-prepared 64 nm (average diameter) SnAg Alloy nanoparticle pastes on a Cu surface showed the typical Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound (IMC) formation. These low melting point SnAg Alloy nanoparticles could be used for low-temperature lead-free interconnect applications.
V Jayaraman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis and hydrogen permeation properties of ultrathin palladium Silver Alloy membranes
Journal of Membrane Science, 1995Co-Authors: V JayaramanAbstract:Abstract The present work focuses on the synthesis and gas permeation properties of ceramic supported ultrathin palladium-Silver Alloy membranes. PdAg films with a thickness ranging from 250 to 500 nm are coated on the surface of 3 nm pore sol-gel derived γ-alumina support using an RF magnetron sputtering equipment. The coated PdAg membranes exhibit the same composition and phase structure as those of the PdAg foil used as the target in sputter deposition. The hydrogen to nitrogen separation factor of the ultrathin PdAg membrane is 5.7 at 250°C and increases with increasing temperature. Under proper preparation conditions, use of a pinhole-free γ-alumina support is the key to ensure the gas-tightness and high-selectivity of the coated PdAg membranes. A method is demonstrated for studying hydrogen permeation through ultrathin metallic films. Hydrogen permeation data at different hydrogen pressures and temperatures (100–250°C) are reported to examine the mechanism of hydrogen permeation through the ultrathin metallic membranes. The experimental results clearly indicate the dominant role of surface reactions for hydrogen permeation through ultrathin metallic films at low temperatures.
Thomas D Koepsell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the efficacy of Silver Alloy coated urinary catheters in preventing urinary tract infection a meta analysis
The American Journal of Medicine, 1998Co-Authors: Sanjay Saint, Sean D Sullivan, Joann G Elmore, Scott S Emerson, Thomas D KoepsellAbstract:PURPOSE: Indwelling urinary catheters are implicated in most cases of nosocomial urinary tract infection. Silver-coating of catheters may reduce the risk of these infections; however, trials have provided mixed results. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the effectiveness of Silver-coated urinary catheters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Published or unpublished articles were sought using MEDLINE, reference review, and correspondence with original authors, catheter manufacturers, and experts. Trials using Silver-coated urinary catheters in the treatment group and uncoated urinary catheters in the control group were included. Bacteriuria, as evaluated by urine culture, was the outcome variable used to indicate urinary tract infection. Summary odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Mantel-Haenszel methods with a fixed-effects model. RESULTS: Of 117 reports retrieved, eight trials with a total of 2,355 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The summary OR for urinary tract infection was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.84) indicating a significant benefit in the patients receiving Silver-coated catheters. A test of heterogeneity, however, indicated that the odds ratios varied significantly among studies. Silver Alloy catheters (OR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.52) were significantly more protective against bacteriuria than Silver oxide catheters (OR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.10). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis clarifies discrepant results among trials of Silver-coated urinary catheters by revealing that Silver Alloy catheters are significantly more effective in preventing urinary tract infections than are Silver oxide catheters. Though Silver Alloy urinary catheters cost about $6 more than standard urinary catheters, they may be worth the extra cost since catheter-related infection is a common cause of nosocomial infection and bacteremia.