The Experts below are selected from a list of 249 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Gerhard Gmel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • excessive alcohol consumption in young men is there an association with their earlier Family situation a baseline analysis of the c surf study cohort study on substance use risk factors
    Swiss Medical Weekly, 2014
    Co-Authors: Simon Steiner, Dominik Schori, Gerhard Gmel
    Abstract:

    AIMS: To determine whether parental factors earlier in life (parenting, single parent Family, parental substance use problem) are associated with patterns of alcohol consumption among young men in Switzerland. METHODS: This analysis of a population based sample from the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF) included 5,990 young men (mean age 19.51 years), all attending a mandatory recruitment process for the army. These conscripts reported on parental monitoring and rule-setting, parental behaviour and Family structure. The alcohol use pattern was assessed through abstention, risky single occasion drinking (RSOD), volume drinking and dependence. Furthermore, the impact of age, Family socio-economic status, educational level of the parents, language region and civil status was analysed. RESULTS: A parental substance use problem was positively associated with volume drinking and alcohol dependence in young Swiss men. Active parenting corresponded negatively with RSOD, volume drinking and alcohol dependence. Single parent Family was not associated with a different alcohol consumption pattern compared to standard Family. CONCLUSION: Parental influences earlier in life such as active parenting (monitoring, rule-setting and knowing the whereabouts) and perceived parental substance use problem are associated with alcohol drinking behaviour in young male adults. Therefore, health professionals should stress the importance of active parenting and parental substance use prevention in alcohol prevention strategies. Language: en

Arévalo-mora Leonardo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Violencia de pareja contra la mujer que vive con VIH y que es atendida en un programa de atención integral en Bogotá
    'Anales de la Facultad de Medicina', 2021
    Co-Authors: Arévalo-mora Leonardo
    Abstract:

    Antecedentes: En el contexto de violencia en VIH están implicadas consecuencias en todos los ámbitos para la mujer, que incluyen la pérdida de apoyo social, rechazo social, abandono, violación de confidencialidad, y aumento en el estigma hacia la persona diagnosticada. En Colombia no hay datos que exploren esta situación en el ámbito cultural propio del país. Objetivo: Identificar las características y los factores que componen la violencia contra la mujer que vive con VIH en la ciudad de Bogotá. Sujetos y métodos: Esta investigación tiene un enfoque multimétodos, con dos vertientes: a) un estudio analítico en el que se identificó y caracterizo los casos de violencia de pareja contra la mujer, b) y un estudio cualitativo descriptivo de tipo fenomenológico de casos con las mujeres que fueron identificadas como víctimas de violencia de pareja. La investigación tuvo 2 fases a lo largo de 12 meses, en la primera fase se realizó la aplicación del componente cuantitativo que comprende el estudio transversal, y se realizó un análisis de los datos obtenidos. Según estos resultados se dispuso según los criterios de inclusión a la segunda fase de desarrollo cualitativo con la técnica de grupo focal. Resultados: Del total de mujeres encuestadas, el 33,6% IC 95% [27-40%] presentaron violencia de pareja de cualquier tipo, física o no física; solo violencia física el 21,9% IC 95% [16-27%], y violencia no física del 31,8% IC 95% [26-38%]. Para la violencia de pareja no física está más relacionada con mujeres separadas o en unión libre (32,4 y 28,2%, respectivamente p=0,000), con una composición familiar nuclear, (42,3% p=0,041), o si la mujer tenía un aporte económico de 100% en el hogar (33,8% p=0,001). Mientras que la violencia física se informa como más frecuente en mujeres separadas (46,9% p=0,000), en parejas con hijos (89,8 p=0,042), familia monoparental (49% p=0,000), en mujeres que se encuentran sin pareja (42,9% p=0,013), y con aporte económico en el hogar del 100% (38,8% p=38,8). Conclusiones: Los resultados en estas mujeres relacionados con violencia de pareja, sugieren que se debe hacer un tamizado en detección de violencia como parte del asesoramiento post prueba del VIH, y que se aborde la violencia como una parte rutinaria del tratamiento y la atención del VIH que conlleven, a mejorar la calidad de vida de las mujeres con VIH.Background: In the context of violence in HIV, consequences are implicated in all areas for women, including loss of social support, social rejection, abandonment, violation of confidentiality and increased stigma to the diagnosed person. These situations lead to dissolution of marriage, abandonment, guilt, and refusal to attend the consultation in care programs. In Colombia there is no data that explores this situation in the country. Objective: To identify the characteristics and factors that make up violence against women who lives with human immunodeficiency virus infection in the city of Bogotá. Subjects and methods: an analytical study in which cases of partner violence against women were identified and characterized, and a descriptive qualitative study of phenomenological type of cases with women who have been identified as victims of partner violence. The research consists of 2 phases over 12 months, in the first phase the application of the quantitative component comprising the cross-sectional study was carried out, and an analysis of the data obtained was carried out. According to these results, it is available according to the inclusion criteria to the second phase of qualitative development with the focus group technique. Results: Of the total of women, 33.6% CI 95% [27-40%] presented Intimate partner violence of any type, physical or not; only physical violence 21.9% CI 95% [16-27%], and non-physical violence 31.8% CI 95% [26-38%]. For non-physical partner violence it is more related to separated women or consensual union (32.4 and 28.2%, respectively p = 0.000), with a nuclear Family composition, (42.3% p = 0.041), or if the woman had an economic contribution of 100% at home (33.8% p = 0.001). Physical violence is reported as more frequent in separated women (46.9% p = 0.000), in couples with children (89.8 p = 0.042), Single-Parent Family (49% p = 0.000), in women who are they found no partner (42.9% p = 0.013), and with 100% of economic contribution at home (38.8% p = 38.8). Conclusions: The results in these women related to intimate partner violence suggest that screening should be done in detecting violence as part of post-HIV counseling, and that violence be addressed as a routine part of HIV treatment and care.2019-09-18 08:05:02: Script de automatizacion de embargos. Correo recibido el 16 de sep 2019. He subido al repositorio el trabajo de grado: Violencia de pareja contra la mujer que vive con VIH y que es atendida en un programa de atención integral en Bogotá. Le he colocado acceso ""restringido"" para proceder a consideración de publicación en revistas científicas. Agradezco la clasificación y gestión respectiva

  • Violencia de pareja contra la mujer que vive con VIH y que es atendida en un programa de atención integral en Bogotá. Fase I
    'Anales de la Facultad de Medicina', 2018
    Co-Authors: Arévalo-mora Leonardo
    Abstract:

    Antecedentes: En el contexto de violencia en VIH están implicadas consecuencias en todos los ámbitos para la mujer, que incluyen la pérdida de apoyo social, rechazo social, abandono, violación de confidencialidad, y aumento en el estigma a la persona diagnosticada. En Colombia no hay datos que exploren esta situación en el ámbito cultural propio del país. Objetivo: Identificar las características y los factores que componen la violencia contra la mujer que vive con VIH en la ciudad de Bogotá. Sujetos y métodos: Esta investigación tiene un enfoque multimétodos, con dos vertientes: a) un estudio analítico en el que se identificó y caracterizó los casos de violencia de pareja contra la mujer, y b) un estudio cualitativo descriptivo de tipo fenomenológico de casos con las mujeres que fueron identificadas como víctimas de violencia de pareja. La investigación tuvo 2 fases a lo largo de 12 meses, en la primera fase se realizó la aplicación del componente cuantitativo que comprende el estudio transversal, y se realizó un análisis de los datos obtenidos. Según estos resultados y de acuerdo a los criterios de selección se dispuso a la segunda fase de desarrollo cualitativo con la técnica de grupo focal. Pacientes: Mujeres mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de VIH que son atendidas en una Institución prestadora de servicios de salud (IPS) especializada en atención a VIH de Bogotá en 2017, y que aceptaron desarrollar una encuesta de auto-diligenciamiento. Diseño: La fase I de esta investigación tiene un diseño analítico transversal en el que se identificó y caracterizó los casos de violencia de pareja contra la mujer. Mediciones: En la recolección de la información se utilizó el instrumento validado “índice de violencia de pareja”, original de Estados Unidos y diseñado en 1981 para determinar presencia de violencia de pareja, y traducido y validado en 2009. Resultados: De las 223 mujeres encuestadas, el 33,6% [IC 95% 27-40%] presentaron violencia de pareja de cualquier tipo, física o no física; solo violencia física el 21,9% [IC 95% 16-27%], y violencia no física del 31,8% [IC 95% 26-38%]. Para la violencia de pareja no física se encontró dependencia con ser mujeres separadas o en unión libre (32,4 y 28,2%, respectivamente p=0,000), con una composición familiar nuclear, (42,3% p=0,041), o si la mujer tenía un aporte económico de 100% en el hogar (33,8% p=0,001). Mientras que la violencia física se informa como más frecuente en mujeres separadas (46,9% p=0,000), en parejas con hijos (89,8 p=0,042), familia monoparenteral (49% p=0,000), en mujeres que se encuentran sin pareja (42,9% p=0,013), y con aporte económico en el hogar del 100% (38,8% p=0.001). Conclusiones: Este es el primer estudio latinoamericano que define la violencia de pareja en la mujer con VIH en un horizonte temporal, estudios en la región definen prevalencias del 37.3 al 59.8% a lo largo de la vida, siendo en nuestra muestra del 33,6%, similar a las poblaciones donde la prevalencia de VIH es mayor que la de nuestro país. Los resultados en estas mujeres relacionados con violencia de pareja, sugieren que se debe hacer un tamizado en detección de violencia como parte del asesoramiento post prueba del VIH, y que se aborde la violencia como una parte rutinaria del tratamiento y la atención del VIH que conlleven, a mejorar la calidad de vida de las mujeres.Background: In the context of violence in HIV, consequences are implicated in all areas for women, including loss of social support, social rejection, abandonment, violation of confidentiality and increased stigma to the diagnosed person. These situations lead to dissolution of marriage, abandonment, guilt, and refusal to attend the consultation in care programs. In Colombia there is no data that explores this situation in the country. Objective: To identify the characteristics and factors that make up violence against women who lives with human immunodeficiency virus infection in the city of Bogotá. Subjects and methods: an analytical study in which cases of partner violence against women were identified and characterized, and a descriptive qualitative study of phenomenological type of cases with women who have been identified as victims of partner violence. The research consists of 2 phases over 12 months, in the first phase the application of the quantitative component comprising the cross-sectional study. According to these results, and to the inclusion criteria, the second phase of qualitative development with the focus group technique will be conducted. Patients: Women over 18 years of age with HIV diagnosis and who agreed to answer a self-administered survey in a HIV-specialized institution providing health services (IPS) at Bogotá in 2017. And for the second phase the invitation was made to women who were identified themselves as victims of partner violence. Design: Phase I of this research has a transversal analytical design in which, cases of partner violence against women were identified and characterized. Measurements: In the collection of the information, the validated instrument "índice de violencia de pareja” was used, originally from the United States and designed in 1981 to determine the presence of partner violence and translated to Spanish and validated in 2009. Results: 223 patients answer the questionnaire, 33.6% of them [CI 95% 27-40%] declared Intimate partner violence of any type; 21.9% only physical violence [CI 95% 16-27%], and 31.8% non-physical violence [CI 95% 26-38%]. Non-physical partner violence depends on being divorced or living in consensual union (32.4 and 28.2%, respectively p = 0.000), a nuclear Family composition, (42.3% p = 0.041), or if the woman had an economic contribution to the Family expenses of 100% (33.8% p = 0.001). Physical violence depended on being divorced (46.9% p = 0.000), families with children (89.8 p = 0.042), Single-Parent Family (49% p = 0.000), women with no actual partner (42.9% p = 0.013), or if the woman had an economic contribution to the Family expenses of 100% (38.8% p = 0.001). Conclusions: This is the first Latin American study that defines intimate partner violence in women with HIV in a time horizon, other studies in our continent found prevalence of violence in this women that go from 37.3 to 59.8% throughout life; our sample’s prevalence of 33.6% is similar to populations where the prevalence of HIV is higher than in our country. Intimate partner violence found in this study suggests that screening should be done in detecting violence as part of post-HIV counseling, and that violence should be addressed as a routine part of HIV care and treatment.2020-04-21 01:01:02: Script de automatizacion de embargos. info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2020-04-2

Amy Claessens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • associations between Family structure change and child behavior problems the moderating effect of Family income
    Child Development, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rebecca M Ryan, Amy Claessens, Anna J Markowitz
    Abstract:

    This study investigated conditions under which Family structure matters most for child well-being. Using data from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (n = 3,936), a national sample of U.S. families, it was estimated how changes in Family structure related to changes in children's behavior between age 3 and 12 separately by household income level to determine whether associations depended on families' resources. Early changes in Family structure, particularly from a two-biological-parent to Single-Parent Family, predicted increases in behavior problems more than later changes, and movements into single and stepparent families mattered more for children of higher versus lower income parents. Results suggest that for children of higher income parents, moving into a stepFamily may improve, not undermine, behavior.

  • associations between Family structure changes and children s behavior problems the moderating effects of timing and marital birth
    Developmental Psychology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Rebecca M Ryan, Amy Claessens
    Abstract:

    : Most children in the U.S. today will experience one or more changes in Family structure. The present study explores the implications of this trend for child development by investigating the conditions under which Family structure changes matter most to child well-being. Using data from the Maternal and Child Supplement of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 3,492), it estimates how changes in Family structure experienced during 4 different developmental periods relate to concurrent and subsequent changes in children's behavioral trajectories. We estimate associations separately for children born to married and unwed parents to determine whether Family instability has different associations with children's behavior across policy-relevant Family types. Results indicate that changes in Family structure during the first 3 years of life predict children's behavioral development more consistently than later changes, changes into a Single-Parent Family have different implications for children's development than changes into a blended Family, and changes in Family structure matter more for children born to married parents than children born to unwed parents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).

Julie Bienertovavasku - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • socioeconomic characteristics Family structure and trajectories of children s psychosocial problems in a period of social transition
    PLOS ONE, 2020
    Co-Authors: Daniela Kuruczova, Jana Klanova, Hynek Pikhart, Jiri Jarkovsky, Julie Bienertovavasku
    Abstract:

    Data from the Czech part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood offer a unique opportunity to examine a period of changing socioeconomic structure of the country. Our aim was to analyse the association between socioeconomic status, Family structure and children's psychosocial problems at the age of 7, 11, 15 and 18 years in 3,261 subjects and compare our results with findings from western settings. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and its five subscales were used to assess individual problem areas (emotional symptoms, peer problems, hyperactivity, conduct problems) and prosocial behaviour. Socioeconomic status was represented by maternal education and three forms of Family structure were identified: nuclear Family, new partner Family and single parent Family. The SDQ subscale score over time was modelled as a quadratic growth curve using a linear mixed-effects model. Maternal university education was associated with a faster decline in problems over time for all five SDQ subscales. Problems in children from nuclear families were found to be significantly lower than in children from single parent families for all SDQ subscales with the exception of peer problems. Compared to nuclear families, children from new partner families scored significantly higher in hyperactivity and conduct problems subscales. The nuclear Family structure and higher maternal education have been identified as protective factors for children's psychosocial problems, in agreement with findings from western settings. Adopting a longitudinal perspective was shown as essential for providing a more complex view of children's psychosocial problems over time.

Rebecca M Ryan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • associations between Family structure change and child behavior problems the moderating effect of Family income
    Child Development, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rebecca M Ryan, Amy Claessens, Anna J Markowitz
    Abstract:

    This study investigated conditions under which Family structure matters most for child well-being. Using data from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (n = 3,936), a national sample of U.S. families, it was estimated how changes in Family structure related to changes in children's behavior between age 3 and 12 separately by household income level to determine whether associations depended on families' resources. Early changes in Family structure, particularly from a two-biological-parent to Single-Parent Family, predicted increases in behavior problems more than later changes, and movements into single and stepparent families mattered more for children of higher versus lower income parents. Results suggest that for children of higher income parents, moving into a stepFamily may improve, not undermine, behavior.

  • associations between Family structure changes and children s behavior problems the moderating effects of timing and marital birth
    Developmental Psychology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Rebecca M Ryan, Amy Claessens
    Abstract:

    : Most children in the U.S. today will experience one or more changes in Family structure. The present study explores the implications of this trend for child development by investigating the conditions under which Family structure changes matter most to child well-being. Using data from the Maternal and Child Supplement of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 3,492), it estimates how changes in Family structure experienced during 4 different developmental periods relate to concurrent and subsequent changes in children's behavioral trajectories. We estimate associations separately for children born to married and unwed parents to determine whether Family instability has different associations with children's behavior across policy-relevant Family types. Results indicate that changes in Family structure during the first 3 years of life predict children's behavioral development more consistently than later changes, changes into a Single-Parent Family have different implications for children's development than changes into a blended Family, and changes in Family structure matter more for children born to married parents than children born to unwed parents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).