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Joanna Folwarczna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of loratadine, a histamine H 1 receptor antagonist, on the Skeletal System of young male rats
Drug Design Development and Therapy, 2019Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Natalia Konarek, Karolina Freier, Dawid Karbowniczek, Piotr Londzin, Aleksandra JanasAbstract:Background: Histamine H1 receptor antagonists are widely used in the treatment of allergic diseases. H1 receptors are expressed on bone cells and histamine takes part in regulation of bone metabolism. Loratadine is often prescribed to children. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of loratadine on the Skeletal System of young rats. Material and methods: Loratadine (0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg p.o. daily) was administered for 4 weeks to male Wistar rats, 6-week-old at the start of the experiment. Bone mass, mass of bone mineral, calcium, and phosphorus content in the bone mineral of the tibia, femur, and L-4 vertebra, histomorphometric parameters of the femur, mechanical properties of the proximal tibial metaphysis, femoral diaphysis and femoral neck, and serum levels of bone turnover markers were examined. Results: Loratadine at 0.5 and 5 mg/kg did not significantly affect the Skeletal System of young rats. At 50 mg/kg, loratadine decreased the femoral length, increased content of calcium and phosphorus in the bone mineral of the vertebra, and tended to improve mechanical properties of the tibial metaphysis. Conclusion: High-dose loratadine slightly but significantly affected development of the Skeletal System in rapidly growing rats.
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Caffeine at a Moderate Dose Did Not Affect the Skeletal System of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes.
Nutrients, 2017Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Leszek Śliwiński, Aleksandra Janas, Magdalena Matejczyk, Anna Nowacka, Karolina Rudy, Zora Krivošíková, Stefíková KAbstract:Diabetes may lead to the development of osteoporosis. Coffee drinking, apart from its health benefits, is taken into consideration as an osteoporosis risk factor. Data from human and animal studies on coffee and caffeine bone effects are inconsistent. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeine at a moderate dose on the Skeletal System of rats in two models of experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin. Effects of caffeine administered orally (20 mg/kg aily for four weeks) were investigated in three-month-old female Wistar rats, which, two weeks before the start of caffeine administration, received streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) alone or streptozotocin after nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Bone turnover markers, mass, mineral density, histomorphometric parameters, and mechanical properties were examined. Streptozotocin induced diabetes, with profound changes in the Skeletal System due to increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. Although streptozotocin administered after nicotinamide induced slight increases in glucose levels at the beginning of the experiment only, slight, but significant unfavorable changes in the Skeletal System were demonstrated. Administration of caffeine did not affect the investigated Skeletal parameters of rats with streptozotocin-induced disorders. In conclusion, caffeine at a moderate dose did not exert a damaging effect on the Skeletal System of diabetic rats.
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effect of diosgenin a steroidal sapogenin on the rat Skeletal System
Acta Biochimica Polonica, 2016Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Maria Zych, Maria Pytlik, Barbara Nowinska, Magdalena Bialik, Anna Jagusiak, Maria Lipeckakarcz, Michal MatysiakAbstract:Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin present in fenugreek and Dioscorea spp. as glycosides (saponins). Diosgenin has already been reported to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and to stimulate osteogenic activity of osteoblastic cells in vitro, and to exert some antiosteoporotic effects in rats in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of diosgenin administration on the Skeletal System of rats with normal estrogen level and with estrogen deficiency induced by bilateral ovariectomy. The experiments were carried out on 3-month-old non-ovariectomized and ovariectomized Wistar rats, divided into control rats and rats receiving diosgenin (50 mg/kg p.o. daily) for 4 weeks. Serum bone turnover markers, bone mass and mineralization, histomorphometric parameters and mechanical properties were studied. Diosgenin improved some investigated parameters in both non-ovariectomized and ovariectomized rats, in which estrogen deficiency induced osteoporotic changes. Diosgenin increased compact bone formation and probably inhibited cancellous bone resorption, which led to improvement of mechanical properties of compact and cancellous bone. In conclusion, this in vivo study demonstrated that diosgenin may be one of sparse compounds increasing bone formation.
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Effects of lycopene on the Skeletal System
Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej, 2015Co-Authors: Patrycja Sołtysiak, Joanna FolwarcznaAbstract:Abstract Antioxidant substances of plant origin, such as lycopene, may favorably affect the Skeletal System. Lycopene is a carotenoid pigment, responsible for characteristic red color of tomatoes. It is believed that lycopene may play a role in the prevention of various diseases; despite theoretical premises and results of experimental studies, the effectiveness of lycopene has not yet been clearly demonstrated in studies carried out in humans. The aim of the study was to present the current state of knowledge on the effects of lycopene on the osseous tissue in in vitro and in vivo experimental models and on the Skeletal System in humans. Results of the studies indicate that lycopene may inhibit bone resorption. Favorable effects of high doses of lycopene on the rat Skeletal System in experimental conditions, including the model of osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency, have been demonstrated. The few epidemiological and clinical studies, although not fully conclusive, suggest a possible beneficial effect of lycopene present in the diet on the Skeletal System.
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Effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the rat Skeletal System
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Maria Zych, Henryk I. Trzeciak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Leszek Sliwiński, Hanna TrzeciakAbstract:682 Abstract. - OBJECTIVE: Caffeic acid, pre - dominantly as esters linked to quinic acid (chlorogenic acids), is a phenolic acid present at high levels in coffee.The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the Skeletal System of female rats with normal estrogen levels and estrogen-deficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Caffeic acid (5 and 50 mg/kg p.o. daily) and chlorogenic acid (100 mg/kg p.o. daily) were administered for 4 weeks to non-ovariectomized and bilaterally ovariectomized mature Wistar rats, and their ef - fects were compared with appropriate controls. Moreover, estradiol (0.2 mg/kg p.o. daily) was ad - ministered to ovariectomized rats. Bone turnover markers, mass, mineralization and mechanical properties were examined. RESULTS: Although caffeic acid at a low dose exerted some unfavorable effects on the skele - tal System, at high doses, caffeic and chloro - genic acids slightly increased mineralization in the tibia and improved mechanical properties of the femoral diaphysis (compact bone). Unlike estradiol, they did not counteract the worsen - ing of the tibial metaphysis bone strength (can - cellous bone) and increases in osteocalcin con - centration induced by estrogen deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: High doses of the phenolic acids slightly favorably affected the rat Skeletal System independently of the estrogen status.
Maria Pytlik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Caffeine at a Moderate Dose Did Not Affect the Skeletal System of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes.
Nutrients, 2017Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Leszek Śliwiński, Aleksandra Janas, Magdalena Matejczyk, Anna Nowacka, Karolina Rudy, Zora Krivošíková, Stefíková KAbstract:Diabetes may lead to the development of osteoporosis. Coffee drinking, apart from its health benefits, is taken into consideration as an osteoporosis risk factor. Data from human and animal studies on coffee and caffeine bone effects are inconsistent. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeine at a moderate dose on the Skeletal System of rats in two models of experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin. Effects of caffeine administered orally (20 mg/kg aily for four weeks) were investigated in three-month-old female Wistar rats, which, two weeks before the start of caffeine administration, received streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) alone or streptozotocin after nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Bone turnover markers, mass, mineral density, histomorphometric parameters, and mechanical properties were examined. Streptozotocin induced diabetes, with profound changes in the Skeletal System due to increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. Although streptozotocin administered after nicotinamide induced slight increases in glucose levels at the beginning of the experiment only, slight, but significant unfavorable changes in the Skeletal System were demonstrated. Administration of caffeine did not affect the investigated Skeletal parameters of rats with streptozotocin-induced disorders. In conclusion, caffeine at a moderate dose did not exert a damaging effect on the Skeletal System of diabetic rats.
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effect of diosgenin a steroidal sapogenin on the rat Skeletal System
Acta Biochimica Polonica, 2016Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Maria Zych, Maria Pytlik, Barbara Nowinska, Magdalena Bialik, Anna Jagusiak, Maria Lipeckakarcz, Michal MatysiakAbstract:Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin present in fenugreek and Dioscorea spp. as glycosides (saponins). Diosgenin has already been reported to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and to stimulate osteogenic activity of osteoblastic cells in vitro, and to exert some antiosteoporotic effects in rats in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of diosgenin administration on the Skeletal System of rats with normal estrogen level and with estrogen deficiency induced by bilateral ovariectomy. The experiments were carried out on 3-month-old non-ovariectomized and ovariectomized Wistar rats, divided into control rats and rats receiving diosgenin (50 mg/kg p.o. daily) for 4 weeks. Serum bone turnover markers, bone mass and mineralization, histomorphometric parameters and mechanical properties were studied. Diosgenin improved some investigated parameters in both non-ovariectomized and ovariectomized rats, in which estrogen deficiency induced osteoporotic changes. Diosgenin increased compact bone formation and probably inhibited cancellous bone resorption, which led to improvement of mechanical properties of compact and cancellous bone. In conclusion, this in vivo study demonstrated that diosgenin may be one of sparse compounds increasing bone formation.
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Effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the rat Skeletal System
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Maria Zych, Henryk I. Trzeciak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Leszek Sliwiński, Hanna TrzeciakAbstract:682 Abstract. - OBJECTIVE: Caffeic acid, pre - dominantly as esters linked to quinic acid (chlorogenic acids), is a phenolic acid present at high levels in coffee.The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the Skeletal System of female rats with normal estrogen levels and estrogen-deficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Caffeic acid (5 and 50 mg/kg p.o. daily) and chlorogenic acid (100 mg/kg p.o. daily) were administered for 4 weeks to non-ovariectomized and bilaterally ovariectomized mature Wistar rats, and their ef - fects were compared with appropriate controls. Moreover, estradiol (0.2 mg/kg p.o. daily) was ad - ministered to ovariectomized rats. Bone turnover markers, mass, mineralization and mechanical properties were examined. RESULTS: Although caffeic acid at a low dose exerted some unfavorable effects on the skele - tal System, at high doses, caffeic and chloro - genic acids slightly increased mineralization in the tibia and improved mechanical properties of the femoral diaphysis (compact bone). Unlike estradiol, they did not counteract the worsen - ing of the tibial metaphysis bone strength (can - cellous bone) and increases in osteocalcin con - centration induced by estrogen deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: High doses of the phenolic acids slightly favorably affected the rat Skeletal System independently of the estrogen status.
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Effect of glimepiride on the Skeletal System of ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats.
Pharmacological Reports, 2014Co-Authors: Justyna Fronczek-sokół, Maria PytlikAbstract:Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus type 2 and osteoporosis are major health problem, especially in postmenopausal women. Glimepiride is a third-generation sulfonylurea derivative and is used as a first-line drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The effect of this drug on bone tissue is unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of glimepiride on the Skeletal System in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. Methods The experiment was conducted on 3-month-old female Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 per group): I (NOVX)–non-ovariectomized control rats, II (NOVX + G)–non-ovariectomized rats receiving glimepiride (0.8 mg/kg po ), III (OVX)–ovariectomized control rats, IV (OVX + G)–ovariectomized rats receiving glimepiride (0.8 mg/kg po ). Bilateral ovariectomy was performed 7 days before the start of the experiment, under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. Glimepiride was administered once daily for 28 days. The effect of glimepiride on the Skeletal System was assessed based on macrometric parameters, histomorphometric parameters and mechanical properties of the tibial metaphysis, femoral diaphysis and femoral neck. Bone mass, mineral mass, calcium and phosphorus content, as well as serum estrogen, osteocalcin and RatLaps levels were also studied. Results Estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats caused increased bone remodeling, with an intensification of bone resorption and formation, and mineralization impairment. Glimepiride in ovariectomized rats inhibited the development of changes in the Skeletal System caused by estrogen deficiency, intensifying bone formation. In the presence of estrogens (in non-ovariectomized rats), glimepiride also intensified bone formation, but to a lesser extent. Conclusions Glimepiride, in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women, may have a beneficial effect on bone remodeling and may reduce the risk of development of osteoporosis.
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Do effects of propranolol on the Skeletal System depend on the estrogen status
Pharmacological Reports, 2013Co-Authors: Leszek Śliwiński, Joanna Folwarczna, Hanna Trzeciak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:Abstract Background Propranolol, a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was reported to favorably affect the Skeletal System in different animal models. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the effects of propranolol on the Skeletal System depend on the estrogen status. Methods The in vivo experiments were carried out on the following groups of mature female Wistar rats: sham-operated control rats, sham-operated rats receiving propranolol, ovariectomized (OVX) control rats, OVX rats receiving propranolol, OVX rats receiving estradiol, OVX rats receiving estradiol and propranolol. Propranolol hydrochloride (10 mg/kg po ) and/or estradiol (0.1 mg/kg po ) were administered daily for 4 weeks. Bone mass, mineral and calcium content, macrometric and histomorphometric parameters, and mechanical properties were examined. In vitro , effects of estradiol and propranolol on the formation of mouse osteoclasts and on the mRNAexpression of genes related to osteoclastogenesis, bone formation and mineralization, as well as adrenergic and estrogen signalling in mouse osteoblasts were investigated. Results and conclusion Propranolol exerted some favorable effects on the rat Skeletal System in vivo , independently of the estrogen status. However, in vitro studies indicated a possibility of some antagonistic relations between the estradiol and propranolol effects.
Henryk I. Trzeciak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the rat Skeletal System
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Maria Zych, Henryk I. Trzeciak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Leszek Sliwiński, Hanna TrzeciakAbstract:682 Abstract. - OBJECTIVE: Caffeic acid, pre - dominantly as esters linked to quinic acid (chlorogenic acids), is a phenolic acid present at high levels in coffee.The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the Skeletal System of female rats with normal estrogen levels and estrogen-deficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Caffeic acid (5 and 50 mg/kg p.o. daily) and chlorogenic acid (100 mg/kg p.o. daily) were administered for 4 weeks to non-ovariectomized and bilaterally ovariectomized mature Wistar rats, and their ef - fects were compared with appropriate controls. Moreover, estradiol (0.2 mg/kg p.o. daily) was ad - ministered to ovariectomized rats. Bone turnover markers, mass, mineralization and mechanical properties were examined. RESULTS: Although caffeic acid at a low dose exerted some unfavorable effects on the skele - tal System, at high doses, caffeic and chloro - genic acids slightly increased mineralization in the tibia and improved mechanical properties of the femoral diaphysis (compact bone). Unlike estradiol, they did not counteract the worsen - ing of the tibial metaphysis bone strength (can - cellous bone) and increases in osteocalcin con - centration induced by estrogen deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: High doses of the phenolic acids slightly favorably affected the rat Skeletal System independently of the estrogen status.
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Do effects of propranolol on the Skeletal System depend on the estrogen status
Pharmacological Reports, 2013Co-Authors: Leszek Śliwiński, Joanna Folwarczna, Hanna Trzeciak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:Abstract Background Propranolol, a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was reported to favorably affect the Skeletal System in different animal models. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the effects of propranolol on the Skeletal System depend on the estrogen status. Methods The in vivo experiments were carried out on the following groups of mature female Wistar rats: sham-operated control rats, sham-operated rats receiving propranolol, ovariectomized (OVX) control rats, OVX rats receiving propranolol, OVX rats receiving estradiol, OVX rats receiving estradiol and propranolol. Propranolol hydrochloride (10 mg/kg po ) and/or estradiol (0.1 mg/kg po ) were administered daily for 4 weeks. Bone mass, mineral and calcium content, macrometric and histomorphometric parameters, and mechanical properties were examined. In vitro , effects of estradiol and propranolol on the formation of mouse osteoclasts and on the mRNAexpression of genes related to osteoclastogenesis, bone formation and mineralization, as well as adrenergic and estrogen signalling in mouse osteoblasts were investigated. Results and conclusion Propranolol exerted some favorable effects on the rat Skeletal System in vivo , independently of the estrogen status. However, in vitro studies indicated a possibility of some antagonistic relations between the estradiol and propranolol effects.
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Effects of curcumin on the Skeletal System in rats
Pharmacological Reports, 2010Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Maria Zych, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:Abstract There is increasing interest in the discovery of natural compounds that could favorably affect the Skeletal System. Curcumin is a constituent of turmeric, a plant which has been used for centuries as a dietary spice and a traditional Indian medicine. Curcumin has been reported to affect differentiation, activity and the lifespan of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro . The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of curcumin on the Skeletal System of rats in vivo . Curcumin (10 mg/kg, po daily) was administered for four weeks to normal (non-ovariectomized) and bilaterally ovariectomized (estrogen-deficient) three-month-old female Wistar Cmd:(WI)WU rats. Ovariectomy was performed seven days before the start of curcumin administration. Bone mass, mineral and calcium content, macrometric and histomorphometric parameters, as well as the mechanical properties of the bone, were examined. Serum total cholesterol and estradiol levels were also determined. In rats with normal estrogen levels, curcumin decreased serum estradiol level and slightly increased cancellous bone formation, along with decreased mineralization. Estrogen deficiency induced osteoporotic changes in the Skeletal System of the ovariectomized control rats. In ovariectomized rats, curcumin decreased body mass gain and serum total cholesterol level, slightly improved some bone histo-morphometric parameters impaired by estrogen deficiency, but did not improve bone mineralization or mechanical properties. In conclusion, the results of the present in vivo study in rats did not support the hypothesis that curcumin, at doses that are readily achievable through dietary intake, could be useful for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis.
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Effects of natural phenolic acids on the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats.
Planta Medica, 2009Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Maria Zych, J. Burczyk, Hanna Trzeciak, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:: Recent reports indicate the possibility of antiresorptive and/or bone formation increasing activity of natural phenolic acids, commonly present in plants which are normally consumed in the diet. The effects of 4 natural phenolic acids (ferulic, caffeic, P-coumaric or chlorogenic, 10 mg/kg P. O. daily for 4 weeks) on the Skeletal System of ovariectomized (estrogen-deficient) rats were investigated. Bone mass, mineral and calcium content, macrometric and histomorphometric parameters, and mechanical properties were examined. Phenolic acids differentially affected the Skeletal System of rats with osteoporotic changes induced by the ovariectomy. Caffeic acid decreased bone mass, whereas P-coumaric acid increased the bone mass/body mass ratio and bone mineral mass/body mass ratio in the long bones, in comparison with the ovariectomized control rats. The phenolic acids improved some bone histomorphometric parameters, impaired by estrogen deficiency. However, they did not increase the ratio of bone mineral mass to bone mass, decreased by estrogen deficiency, and did not significantly affect bone mechanical properties. In conclusion, different natural phenolic acids exert differential effects on the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats, both favourable and deleterious.
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Thalidomide affects the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats
Pharmacological Reports, 2009Co-Authors: Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Joanna Folwarczna, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:Abstract Apart from having written an inglorious chapter in the history of medicine, thalidomide is currently being intensely studied because of its multidimensional activity. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of thalidomide on the Skeletal System in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. The experiments were carried out with femaleWistar rats, divided into eight groups: sham-operated control rats; sham-operated rats receiving thalidomide at doses of 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg, po; ovariectomized control rats; ovariectomized rats receiving thalidomide at doses of 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg, po. The drug was administered for 4 weeks. Body mass gain and the mass of the uterus, liver, spleen and thymus were studied. Macrometric parameters and content of mineral substances, calcium and phosphorus in the femur, tibia and L-4 vertebra and histomorphometric parameters of the femur and tibia were examined. In the femur, the mechanical properties of the whole bone and of the femoral neck were examined. Thalidomide did not affect the Skeletal System of the non-ovariectomized rats. Bilateral ovariectomy induced osteoporotic Skeletal changes in mature female rats. The effects of thalidomide on the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats depended on the dose used. With a dose of 15 mg/kg, po, thalidomide counteracted some osteoporotic changes induced by estrogen deficiency.With a dose of 60 mg/kg, po, thalidomide intensified the destructive effects of estrogen deficiency on the rat Skeletal System.
Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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BIOCHANIN A SHOWS NO EFFECT ON Skeletal System IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS, WHEN ADMINISTERED IN MODERATE DOSE.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 2020Co-Authors: Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Ewa Ozimina-kamińska, Sławomir Dudek, Natalia Chadała, Maria Zych, Weronika Wojnar, A KachelAbstract:Biochanin A is a naturally occurring isoflavone. Its main sources are clover species such as Trifolium pretense, Trifolium subterraneum or Trifolium incarnatum. Phytoestrogens, including isoflavones, are plant- derived substances, which exhibit estrogen-like properties, thus they may be used as an alternative for hormonal replacement therapies and prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis. Therefore, the aim of the presented study, was to investigate the effect of biochanin A on chemistry and mechanical properties of Skeletal System in rats with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. The animals were divided into 4 groups n (I) sham-operated rats, (II) ovariectomized rats, (III) ovariectomized rats receiving estradiol at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg p.o., which were a pos- itive control, and (IV) ovariectomized rats receiving biochanin A at a dose of 5 mg/kg p.o. for four weeks. The administered dose of biochanin A is considered as moderate for human, which can be received in the dietary supplements, and was established using ten-fold conversion rate resulting from faster metabolism in rats. Obtained results showed that ovariectomy induced harmful changes in bone tissue, causing worsening in both chemistry and mechanical parameters in bones. Administration of biochanin A to ovariectomized rats did not affect any changes in bone tissue in comparison to the bones of untreated ovariectomized rats. There was nei- ther improvement nor deterioration noted in chemical composition and mechanical properties in all analyzed bones. Basing on the results, it could be concluded, that biochanin A administered in a moderate dose shows no influence on bone tissue of rats with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.
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Effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the rat Skeletal System
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Maria Zych, Henryk I. Trzeciak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Leszek Sliwiński, Hanna TrzeciakAbstract:682 Abstract. - OBJECTIVE: Caffeic acid, pre - dominantly as esters linked to quinic acid (chlorogenic acids), is a phenolic acid present at high levels in coffee.The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the Skeletal System of female rats with normal estrogen levels and estrogen-deficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Caffeic acid (5 and 50 mg/kg p.o. daily) and chlorogenic acid (100 mg/kg p.o. daily) were administered for 4 weeks to non-ovariectomized and bilaterally ovariectomized mature Wistar rats, and their ef - fects were compared with appropriate controls. Moreover, estradiol (0.2 mg/kg p.o. daily) was ad - ministered to ovariectomized rats. Bone turnover markers, mass, mineralization and mechanical properties were examined. RESULTS: Although caffeic acid at a low dose exerted some unfavorable effects on the skele - tal System, at high doses, caffeic and chloro - genic acids slightly increased mineralization in the tibia and improved mechanical properties of the femoral diaphysis (compact bone). Unlike estradiol, they did not counteract the worsen - ing of the tibial metaphysis bone strength (can - cellous bone) and increases in osteocalcin con - centration induced by estrogen deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: High doses of the phenolic acids slightly favorably affected the rat Skeletal System independently of the estrogen status.
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Favorable effect of moderate dose caffeine on the Skeletal System in ovariectomized rats.
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2013Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Maria Zych, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Leszek ŚliwińskiAbstract:cope Caffeine, a methylxanthine present in coffee, has been postulated to be responsible for an increased risk of osteoporosis in coffee drinkers; however, the data are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of caffeine on the Skeletal System of rats with normal and decreased estrogen level (developing osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency). Methods and results The experiments were carried out on mature nonovariectomized and ovariectomized Wistar rats, divided into control rats and rats receiving caffeine once daily, 20 mg/kg p.o., for 4 wk. Serum bone turnover markers, bone mass, mass of bone mineral, calcium and phosphorus content, histomorphometric parameters, and bone mechanical properties were examined. Caffeine favorably affected the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats, slightly inhibiting the development of bone changes induced by estrogen deficiency (increasing bone mineralization, and improving the strength and structure of cancellous bone). Moreover, it favorably affected mechanical properties of compact bone. There were no significant effects of caffeine in rats with normal estrogen levels. Conclusion In conclusion, results of the present study indicate that low-to-moderate caffeine intake may exert some beneficial effects on the Skeletal System of mature organisms.
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Thalidomide affects the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats
Pharmacological Reports, 2009Co-Authors: Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Joanna Folwarczna, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:Abstract Apart from having written an inglorious chapter in the history of medicine, thalidomide is currently being intensely studied because of its multidimensional activity. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of thalidomide on the Skeletal System in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. The experiments were carried out with femaleWistar rats, divided into eight groups: sham-operated control rats; sham-operated rats receiving thalidomide at doses of 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg, po; ovariectomized control rats; ovariectomized rats receiving thalidomide at doses of 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg, po. The drug was administered for 4 weeks. Body mass gain and the mass of the uterus, liver, spleen and thymus were studied. Macrometric parameters and content of mineral substances, calcium and phosphorus in the femur, tibia and L-4 vertebra and histomorphometric parameters of the femur and tibia were examined. In the femur, the mechanical properties of the whole bone and of the femoral neck were examined. Thalidomide did not affect the Skeletal System of the non-ovariectomized rats. Bilateral ovariectomy induced osteoporotic Skeletal changes in mature female rats. The effects of thalidomide on the Skeletal System of ovariectomized rats depended on the dose used. With a dose of 15 mg/kg, po, thalidomide counteracted some osteoporotic changes induced by estrogen deficiency.With a dose of 60 mg/kg, po, thalidomide intensified the destructive effects of estrogen deficiency on the rat Skeletal System.
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Raloxifene similarly affects the Skeletal System of male and ovariectomized female rats.
Pharmacological Reports, 2007Co-Authors: Joanna Folwarczna, Ilona Kaczmarczyk-sedlak, Maria Pytlik, Urszula Cegieła, Barbara Nowińska, Leszek Sliwiński, Waldemar Janiec, Henryk I. TrzeciakAbstract:: Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is used for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Raloxifene use in male subjects is increasingly considered and a few clinical studies of its effect on bone turnover have already been performed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of raloxifene on the Skeletal System of healthy mature male rats. The experiments were performed on mature male Wistar rats, treated daily with raloxifene hydrochloride at a dose of 5 mg/kg po for 4 weeks. Bone mass, mineral content, macrometric and histomorphometric parameters, as well as mechanical properties were examined. For comparison, we also studied the effects of raloxifene on the Skeletal System of mature ovariectomized female rats. Raloxifene administration to male rats caused statistically significant increases in the bone mass/body mass ratio, bone mineral content/body mass ratio and bone mineral content/bone mass ratio in comparison with those of the control rats. Bone mechanical properties and most of histomorphometric parameters remained unchanged. Also in ovariectomized female rats, raloxifene administration caused statistically significant increases in the bone mass/body mass ratio, bone mineral content/body mass ratio and bone mineral content/bone mass ratio in comparison with the results obtained in the ovariectomized control rats, to the level of sham-operated control rats. Moreover, raloxifene counteracted the development of changes in histomorphometric parameters caused by ovariectomy in female rats, but did not significantly affect bone mechanical properties. In conclusion, the changes induced by raloxifene in the Skeletal System of male rats were similar to those induced by the drug in ovariectomized female rats.
Gentaro Taga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a model of the neuro musculo Skeletal System for anticipatory adjustment of human locomotion during obstacle avoidance
Biological Cybernetics, 1998Co-Authors: Gentaro TagaAbstract:Theoretical studies on human locomotion have shown that a stable and flexible gait emerges from the dynamic interaction between the rhythmic activity of a neural System composed of a neural rhythm generator (RG) and the rhythmic movement of the musculo-Skeletal System. This study further explores the mechanism of the anticipatory control of locomotion based on the emergent properties of a neural System that generates the basic pattern of gait. A model of the neuro-musculo-Skeletal System to execute the task of stepping over a visible obstacle with both limbs during walking is described. The RG in the neural System was combined with a System referred to as a discrete movement generator (DM), which receives both the output of the RG and visual information regarding the obstacle and generates discrete signals for modification of the basic gait pattern. A series of computer simulations demonstrated that an obstacle placed at an arbitrary position can be cleared by sequential modifications of gait: (1) modulating the step length when approaching the obstacle and (2) modifying the trajectory of the swing limbs while stepping over it. This result suggests that anticipatory adjustments are produced not by the unidirectional flow of the information from visual signals to motor commands but by the bi-directional circulation of information between the DM and the RG. The validity of this model is discussed in relation to motor cortical activity during anticipatory modifications in cats and the ecological psychology of visuo-motor control in humans.
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A model of the neuro-musculo-Skeletal System for human locomotion
Biological Cybernetics, 1995Co-Authors: Gentaro TagaAbstract:The generation of human locomotion was examined by linking computational neuroscience with biomechanics from the perspective of nonlinear dynamical theory. We constructed a model of human locomotion, which includes a musculo-Skeletal System with 8 segments and 20 muscles, a neural rhythm generator composed of 7 pairs of neural oscillators, and mechanisms for processing and transporting sensory and motor signals. Using a computer simulation, we found that locomotion emerged as a stable limit cycle that was generated by the global entrainment between the musculo-Skeletal System, the neural System, and the environment. Moreover, the walking movements of the model could be compared quantitatively with those of experimental studies in humans.
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emergence of bipedal locomotion through entrainment among the neuro musculo Skeletal System and the environment
Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 1994Co-Authors: Gentaro TagaAbstract:Abstract A principle of locomotor control in an unpredictably changing environment is presented on the basis of neurophysiology and biomechanics from the perspective of nonlinear dynamics theory. Locomotor movements emerge as a limit cycle generated through global entrainment among the neuro-musculo-Skeletal System and the environment. A computer simulation of a specific model of bipedal locomotion shows its ability to adapt to a changing environment in real-time. The stability of the limit cycle is maintained despite the presence of time delays in transporting and processing information between the neural rhythm generator and the musculo-Skeletal System. With considerable time delays, however, the locomotor pattern becomes chaotic, which is compared with a gait of patients with neural deficits. A general framework for motor control is discussed toward the control of movements in an unpredictable environment.
