The Experts below are selected from a list of 2325 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Coby Schal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
Scientific Reports, 2021Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Reproductive fitness and survival are enhanced by adaptive behaviors that are modulated by internal physiological states and external social contexts. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social interactions affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90–100%) than in unmated females (48–60%). Mating state also modulated the female’s orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to Skin Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence and interaction with males, females subjected to frequent copulation attempts had lower survivorship and lifespan than females housed with males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that by adaptively and coordinately expressing behaviors based on the internal physiological state, females maximize their survival and reproductive fitness.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Adaptive insect behavior is subject to modulation by internal physiological states and external social contexts to enhance reproductive fitness and survival. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social factors such as harassment by males affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90 to 100%) than in unmated females (48 to 60%). Mating state also modulated the females orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to human Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence with males, females subjected to frequent copulations had lower survivorship and lifespan than females subjected to males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that behaviors are adaptively expressed based on the internal physiological state to maximize survival and reproductive fitness.
Zachary C Devries - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
Scientific Reports, 2021Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Reproductive fitness and survival are enhanced by adaptive behaviors that are modulated by internal physiological states and external social contexts. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social interactions affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90–100%) than in unmated females (48–60%). Mating state also modulated the female’s orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to Skin Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence and interaction with males, females subjected to frequent copulation attempts had lower survivorship and lifespan than females housed with males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that by adaptively and coordinately expressing behaviors based on the internal physiological state, females maximize their survival and reproductive fitness.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Adaptive insect behavior is subject to modulation by internal physiological states and external social contexts to enhance reproductive fitness and survival. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social factors such as harassment by males affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90 to 100%) than in unmated females (48 to 60%). Mating state also modulated the females orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to human Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence with males, females subjected to frequent copulations had lower survivorship and lifespan than females subjected to males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that behaviors are adaptively expressed based on the internal physiological state to maximize survival and reproductive fitness.
Ahmed M Saveer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
Scientific Reports, 2021Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Reproductive fitness and survival are enhanced by adaptive behaviors that are modulated by internal physiological states and external social contexts. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social interactions affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90–100%) than in unmated females (48–60%). Mating state also modulated the female’s orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to Skin Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence and interaction with males, females subjected to frequent copulation attempts had lower survivorship and lifespan than females housed with males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that by adaptively and coordinately expressing behaviors based on the internal physiological state, females maximize their survival and reproductive fitness.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Adaptive insect behavior is subject to modulation by internal physiological states and external social contexts to enhance reproductive fitness and survival. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social factors such as harassment by males affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90 to 100%) than in unmated females (48 to 60%). Mating state also modulated the females orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to human Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence with males, females subjected to frequent copulations had lower survivorship and lifespan than females subjected to males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that behaviors are adaptively expressed based on the internal physiological state to maximize survival and reproductive fitness.
Baldwyn Torto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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zebra Skin Odor repels the savannah tsetse fly glossina pallidipes diptera glossinidae
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Daniel K. Masiga, Olabimpe Y Olaide, David P Tchouassi, Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf, Christian Walter Werner Pirk, R K Saini, Baldwyn TortoAbstract:Background African trypanosomosis, primarily transmitted by tsetse flies, remains a serious public health and economic challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Interventions employing natural repellents from non-preferred hosts of tsetse flies represent a promising management approach. Although zebras have been identified as non-preferred hosts of tsetse flies, the basis for this repellency is poorly understood. We hypothesized that zebra Skin Odors contribute to their avoidance by tsetse flies. Methodology/Principal findings We evaluated the effect of crude zebra Skin Odors on catches of wild savannah tsetse flies (Glossina pallidipes Austen, 1903) using unbaited Ngu traps compared to the traps baited with two known tsetse fly management chemicals; a repellent blend derived from waterbuck Odor, WRC (comprising geranylacetone, guaiacol, pentanoic acid and δ-octalactone), and an attractant comprising cow urine and acetone, in a series of Latin square-designed experiments. Coupled gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses of zebra Skin Odors identified seven electrophysiologically-active components; 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, acetophenone, geranylacetone, heptanal, octanal, nonanal and decanal, which were tested in blends and singly for repellency to tsetse flies when combined with Ngu traps baited with cow urine and acetone in field trials. The crude zebra Skin Odors and a seven-component blend of the EAD-active components, formulated in their natural ratio of occurrence in zebra Skin Odor, significantly reduced catches of G. pallidipesby 66.7% and 48.9% respectively, and compared favorably with the repellency of WRC (58.1%– 59.2%). Repellency of the seven-component blend was attributed to the presence of the three ketones 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, acetophenone and geranylacetone, which when in a blend caused a 62.7% reduction in trap catch of G. pallidipes. Conclusions/Significance Our findings reveal fundamental insights into tsetse fly ecology and the allomonal effect of zebra Skin Odor, and potential integration of the three-component ketone blend into the management toolkit for tsetse and African trypanosomosis control.
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sheep Skin Odor improves trap captures of mosquito vectors of rift valley fever
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: David P Tchouassi, Rosemary Sang, Catherine L Sole, Armanda D S Bastos, Klaus Mithoefer, Baldwyn TortoAbstract:In recent years, the East African region has seen an increase in arboviral diseases transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods. Effective surveillance to monitor and reduce incidence of these infections requires the use of appropriate vector sampling tools. Here, trapped Skin volatiles on fur from sheep, a known preferred host of mosquito vectors of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), were used with a standard CDC light trap to improve catches of mosquito vectors. We tested the standard CDC light trap alone (L), and baited with (a) CO2 (LC), (b) animal volatiles (LF), and (c) CO2 plus animal volatiles (LCF) in two highly endemic areas for RVF in Kenya (Marigat and Ijara districts) from March–June and September–December 2010. The incidence rate ratios (IRR) that mosquito species chose traps baited with treatments (LCF, LC and LF) instead of the control (L) were estimated. Marigat was dominated by secondary vectors and host-seeking mosquitoes were 3–4 times more likely to enter LC and LCF traps [IRR = 3.1 and IRR = 3.8 respectively] than the L only trap. The LCF trap captured a greater number of mosquitoes than the LC trap (IRR = 1.23) although the difference was not significant. Analogous results were observed at Ijara, where species were dominated by key primary and primary RVFV vectors, with 1.6-, 6.5-, and 8.5-fold increases in trap captures recorded in LF, LC and LCF baited traps respectively, relative to the control. These catches all differed significantly from those trapped in L only. Further, there was a significant increase in trap captures in LCF compared to LC (IRR = 1.63). Mosquito species composition and trap counts differed between the RVF sites. However, within each site, catches differed in abundance only and no species preferences were noted in the different baited-traps. Identifying the attractive components present in these natural Odors should lead to development of an effective Odor-bait trapping system for population density-monitoring and result in improved RVF surveillance especially during the inter-epidemic period.
Richard G Santangelo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
Scientific Reports, 2021Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Reproductive fitness and survival are enhanced by adaptive behaviors that are modulated by internal physiological states and external social contexts. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social interactions affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90–100%) than in unmated females (48–60%). Mating state also modulated the female’s orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to Skin Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence and interaction with males, females subjected to frequent copulation attempts had lower survivorship and lifespan than females housed with males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that by adaptively and coordinately expressing behaviors based on the internal physiological state, females maximize their survival and reproductive fitness.
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mating and starvation modulate feeding and host seeking responses in female bed bugs cimex lectularius
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmed M Saveer, Zachary C Devries, Richard G Santangelo, Coby SchalAbstract:Adaptive insect behavior is subject to modulation by internal physiological states and external social contexts to enhance reproductive fitness and survival. The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that requires host blood for growth, development, and reproduction. We investigated how mating, starvation and social factors such as harassment by males affect host-seeking, blood feeding, oviposition, and survival of female bed bugs. The percentage of females that fed and the amount of blood they ingested were greater in mated females (90 to 100%) than in unmated females (48 to 60%). Mating state also modulated the females orientation towards human Skin Odor in an olfactometer; more mated (69%) than unmated (23%) females responded to human Odors. The response rate of unmated females (60%) to human Odor increased with longer starvation period, while the opposite pattern was observed in mated females (20%). Although fecundity after a single blood meal was unaffected by long or short residence with males, females subjected to frequent copulations had lower survivorship and lifespan than females subjected to males for only 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that behaviors are adaptively expressed based on the internal physiological state to maximize survival and reproductive fitness.