The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jukka Rintala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of rendering plant and Slaughterhouse Wastes
    Bioresource technology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Suvi Bayr, Prasad Kaparaju, Marianne Rantanen, Jukka Rintala
    Abstract:

    Abstract Co-digestion of rendering and Slaughterhouse Wastes was studied in laboratory scale semi-continuously fed continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) at 35 and 55 °C. All in all, 10 different rendering plant and Slaughterhouse waste fractions were characterised showing high contents of lipids and proteins, and methane potentials of 262–572 dm 3  CH 4 /kg volatile solids (VS) added . In mesophilic CSTR methane yields of ca 720 dm 3  CH 4 /kg VS fed were obtained with organic loading rates (OLR) of 1.0 and 1.5 kg VS/m 3  d, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 50 d. For thermophilic process, the lowest studied OLR of 1.5 kg VS/m 3  d, turned to be unstable after operation of 1.5 HRT, due to accumulating ammonia, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and probably also long chain fatty acids (LCFAs). In conclusion, mesophilic process was found to be more feasible for co-digestion than thermophilic process, methane yields being higher and process more stable in mesophilic conditions.

  • Modeling of anaerobic degradation of solid Slaughterhouse waste: inhibition effects of long-chain fatty acids or ammonia.
    Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2003
    Co-Authors: L. Y. Lokshina, Esa Salminen, V. A. Vavilin, Jukka Rintala
    Abstract:

    The anaerobic bioconversion of solid poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes was kinetically investigated. The modified version of simulation model was applied for description of experimental data in mesophilic laboratory digester and assays. Additionally, stages of formation and consumption of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were included in the model. Batch data on volatile solids, ammonium, acetate, butyrate, propionate, LCFA concentrations, pH level, cumulative volume, and methane partial pressure were used for model calibration. As a reference, the model was used to describe digestion of solid sorted household waste. Simulation results showed that an inhibition of polymer hydrolysis by volatile fatty acids and acetogenesis by NH3 or LCFA could be responsible for the complex system dynamics during degradation of lipid- and protein-rich Wastes.

  • semi continuous anaerobic digestion of solid poultry Slaughterhouse waste effect of hydraulic retention time and loading
    Water Research, 2002
    Co-Authors: Esa Salminen, Jukka Rintala
    Abstract:

    Abstract We studied the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and loading on anaerobic digestion of poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes, using semi-continuously fed, laboratory-scale digesters at 31°C. The effect on process performance was highly significant: Anaerobic digestion appeared feasible with a loading of up to 0.8 kg volatile solids (VS)/m 3  d and an HRT of 50–100 days. The specific methane yield was high, from 0.52 to 0.55 m 3 /kg VS added . On the other hand, at a higher loading, in the range from 1.0 to 2.1 kg VS/m 3  d, and a shorter HRT, in the range from 25 to 13 days, the process appeared inhibited and/or overloaded, as indicated by the accumulation of volatile fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids and the decline in the methane yield. However, the inhibition was reversible. The nitrogen in the feed, ca. 7.8% of total solids (TS), was organic nitrogen with little ammonia present, whereas in the digested material ammonia accounted for 52–67% (up to 3.8 g/l) of total nitrogen. The TS and VS removals amounted to 76% and 64%, respectively. Our results show that on a continuous basis under the studied conditions and with a loading of up to 0.8 kg VS/m 3  d metric ton (wet weight) of the studied waste mixture could yield up to 140 m 3 of methane.

  • Anaerobic digestion of organic solid poultry Slaughterhouse waste--a review.
    Bioresource technology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Erno Salminen, Jukka Rintala
    Abstract:

    This work reviews the potential of anaerobic digestion for material recovery and energy production from poultry slaughtering by-products and Wastes. First, we describe and quantify organic solid by-products and Wastes produced in poultry farming and poultry Slaughterhouses and discuss their recovery and disposal options. Then we review certain fundamental aspects of anaerobic digestion considered important for the digestion of solid Slaughterhouse Wastes. Finally, we present an overview of the future potential and current experience of the anaerobic digestion treatment of these materials.

  • Anaerobically digested poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes as fertiliser in agriculture
    Bioresource technology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esa Salminen, Jukka Rintala, J Härkönen, M Kuitunen, H Högmander, Aimo Oikari
    Abstract:

    Chemical and physical analysis, 27-d plant growth assays with carrot (Daucus carota) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris var. chinensis), and 5-d phytotoxicity assays with Chinese cabbage and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) were used to investigate the suitability of anaerobically digested poultry Slaughterhouse waste for fertiliser in agriculture and the effect of aerobic post-treatment on the properties of the digested material. The digested material appeared to be rich in nitrogen. In 27-d assays with digested material as nitrogen source, carrots grew almost as well as those fertilised with a commercial mineral fertiliser used as reference, whereas, the growth of Chinese cabbage was inhibited. In further 5-d phytotoxicity assays, the digested material inhibited the germination and root growth of ryegrass and Chinese cabbage, apparently because of organic acids present in it. Aerobic post-treatment of the material reduced its phytotoxicity but, probably due to the volatilisation of ammonia, resulted in loss of nitrogen.

Jean Philippe Delgenes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Slaughterhouse fatty waste saponification to increase biogas yield
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, René Moletta, Michel Torrijos, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    A thermochemical pretreatment, i.e. saponification, was optimised in order to improve anaerobic biodegradation of Slaughterhouse Wastes such as aeroflotation grease and flesh fats from cattle carcass. Anaerobic digestion of raw Wastes, as well as of Wastes saponified at different temperatures (60 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C) was conducted in fed-batch reactors under mesophilic condition and the effect of different saponification temperatures on anaerobic biodegradation and on the long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) relative composition was assessed. Even after increasing loads over a long period of time, raw fatty Wastes were biodegraded slowly and the biogas potentials were lower than those of theoretical estimations. In contrast, pretreated Wastes exhibited improved batch biodegradation, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly obvious for carcass Wastes. However, LCFA relative composition was not significantly altered by the pretreatment. Consequently, the enhanced biodegradation should be attributed to an increased initial bio-availability of fatty Wastes without any modification of their long chain structure which remained slowly biodegradable. Finally, saponification at 120 °C achieved best performances during anaerobic digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes.

  • Slaughterhouse fatty waste saponification to increase biogas yield
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, René Moletta, Michel Torrijos, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    A thermochemical pretreatment, i.e. saponification, was optimised in order to improve anaerobic biodegradation of Slaughterhouse Wastes such as aeroflotation grease and flesh fats from cattle carcass. Anaerobic digestion of raw Wastes, as well as of Wastes saponified at different temperatures (60 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C) was conducted in fed-batch reactors under mesophilic condition and the effect of different saponification temperatures on anaerobic biodegradation and on the long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) relative composition was assessed. Even after increasing loads over a long period of time, raw fatty Wastes were biodegraded slowly and the biogas potentials were lower than those of theoretical estimations. In contrast, pretreated Wastes exhibited improved batch biodegradation, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly obvious for carcass Wastes. However, LCFA relative composition was not significantly altered by the pretreatment. Consequently, the enhanced biodegradation should be attributed to an increased initial bio-availability of fatty Wastes without any modification of their long chain structure which remained slowly biodegradable. Finally, saponification at 120 °C achieved best performances during anaerobic digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes.

  • Slaughterhouse fatty waste saponification to increase biogas yield
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, René Moletta, Michel Torrijos, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    A thermochemical pretreatment, i.e. saponification, was optimised in order to improve anaerobic biodegradation of Slaughterhouse Wastes such as aeroflotation grease and flesh fats from cattle carcass. Anaerobic digestion of raw Wastes, as well as of Wastes saponified at different temperatures (60 degrees C, 120 degrees C and 150 degrees C) was conducted in fed-batch reactors under mesophilic condition and the effect of different saponification temperatures on anaerobic biodegradation and on the long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) relative composition was assessed. Even after increasing loads over a long period of time, raw fatty Wastes were biodegraded slowly and the biogas potentials were lower than those of theoretical estimations. In contrast, pretreated Wastes exhibited improved batch biodegradation, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly obvious for carcass Wastes. However, LCFA relative composition was not significantly altered by the pretreatment. Consequently, the enhanced biodegradation should be attributed to an increased initial bio-availability of fatty Wastes without any modification of their long chain structure which remained slowly biodegradable. Finally, saponification at 120 degrees C achieved best performances during anaerobic digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes.

  • saponification of fatty Slaughterhouse Wastes for enhancing anaerobic biodegradability
    Bioresource Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, Helene Carrere, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    Abstract The thermochemical pretreatment by saponification of two kinds of fatty Slaughterhouse waste – aeroflotation fats and flesh fats from animal carcasses – was studied in order to improve the waste’s anaerobic degradation. The effect of an easily biodegradable compound, ethanol, on raw waste biodegradation was also examined. The aims of the study were to enhance the methanisation of fatty waste and also to show a link between biodegradability and bio-availability. The anaerobic digestion of raw waste, saponified waste and waste with a co-substrate was carried out in batch mode under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The results showed little increase in the total volume of biogas, indicating a good biodegradability of the raw Wastes. Mean biogas volume reached 1200 mL/g VS which represented more than 90% of the maximal theoretical biogas potential. Raw fatty Wastes were slowly biodegraded whereas pretreated Wastes showed improved initial reaction kinetics, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly for mesophilic runs. The effects observed for raw Wastes with ethanol as co-substrate depended on the process temperature: in mesophilic conditions, an initial improvement was observed whereas in thermophilic conditions a significant decrease in biodegradability was observed.

Audrey Battimelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Slaughterhouse fatty waste saponification to increase biogas yield
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, René Moletta, Michel Torrijos, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    A thermochemical pretreatment, i.e. saponification, was optimised in order to improve anaerobic biodegradation of Slaughterhouse Wastes such as aeroflotation grease and flesh fats from cattle carcass. Anaerobic digestion of raw Wastes, as well as of Wastes saponified at different temperatures (60 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C) was conducted in fed-batch reactors under mesophilic condition and the effect of different saponification temperatures on anaerobic biodegradation and on the long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) relative composition was assessed. Even after increasing loads over a long period of time, raw fatty Wastes were biodegraded slowly and the biogas potentials were lower than those of theoretical estimations. In contrast, pretreated Wastes exhibited improved batch biodegradation, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly obvious for carcass Wastes. However, LCFA relative composition was not significantly altered by the pretreatment. Consequently, the enhanced biodegradation should be attributed to an increased initial bio-availability of fatty Wastes without any modification of their long chain structure which remained slowly biodegradable. Finally, saponification at 120 °C achieved best performances during anaerobic digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes.

  • Slaughterhouse fatty waste saponification to increase biogas yield
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, René Moletta, Michel Torrijos, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    A thermochemical pretreatment, i.e. saponification, was optimised in order to improve anaerobic biodegradation of Slaughterhouse Wastes such as aeroflotation grease and flesh fats from cattle carcass. Anaerobic digestion of raw Wastes, as well as of Wastes saponified at different temperatures (60 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C) was conducted in fed-batch reactors under mesophilic condition and the effect of different saponification temperatures on anaerobic biodegradation and on the long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) relative composition was assessed. Even after increasing loads over a long period of time, raw fatty Wastes were biodegraded slowly and the biogas potentials were lower than those of theoretical estimations. In contrast, pretreated Wastes exhibited improved batch biodegradation, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly obvious for carcass Wastes. However, LCFA relative composition was not significantly altered by the pretreatment. Consequently, the enhanced biodegradation should be attributed to an increased initial bio-availability of fatty Wastes without any modification of their long chain structure which remained slowly biodegradable. Finally, saponification at 120 °C achieved best performances during anaerobic digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes.

  • Slaughterhouse fatty waste saponification to increase biogas yield
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, René Moletta, Michel Torrijos, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    A thermochemical pretreatment, i.e. saponification, was optimised in order to improve anaerobic biodegradation of Slaughterhouse Wastes such as aeroflotation grease and flesh fats from cattle carcass. Anaerobic digestion of raw Wastes, as well as of Wastes saponified at different temperatures (60 degrees C, 120 degrees C and 150 degrees C) was conducted in fed-batch reactors under mesophilic condition and the effect of different saponification temperatures on anaerobic biodegradation and on the long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) relative composition was assessed. Even after increasing loads over a long period of time, raw fatty Wastes were biodegraded slowly and the biogas potentials were lower than those of theoretical estimations. In contrast, pretreated Wastes exhibited improved batch biodegradation, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly obvious for carcass Wastes. However, LCFA relative composition was not significantly altered by the pretreatment. Consequently, the enhanced biodegradation should be attributed to an increased initial bio-availability of fatty Wastes without any modification of their long chain structure which remained slowly biodegradable. Finally, saponification at 120 degrees C achieved best performances during anaerobic digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes.

  • saponification of fatty Slaughterhouse Wastes for enhancing anaerobic biodegradability
    Bioresource Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Audrey Battimelli, Helene Carrere, Jean Philippe Delgenes
    Abstract:

    Abstract The thermochemical pretreatment by saponification of two kinds of fatty Slaughterhouse waste – aeroflotation fats and flesh fats from animal carcasses – was studied in order to improve the waste’s anaerobic degradation. The effect of an easily biodegradable compound, ethanol, on raw waste biodegradation was also examined. The aims of the study were to enhance the methanisation of fatty waste and also to show a link between biodegradability and bio-availability. The anaerobic digestion of raw waste, saponified waste and waste with a co-substrate was carried out in batch mode under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The results showed little increase in the total volume of biogas, indicating a good biodegradability of the raw Wastes. Mean biogas volume reached 1200 mL/g VS which represented more than 90% of the maximal theoretical biogas potential. Raw fatty Wastes were slowly biodegraded whereas pretreated Wastes showed improved initial reaction kinetics, indicating a better initial bio-availability, particularly for mesophilic runs. The effects observed for raw Wastes with ethanol as co-substrate depended on the process temperature: in mesophilic conditions, an initial improvement was observed whereas in thermophilic conditions a significant decrease in biodegradability was observed.

Esa Salminen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Modeling of anaerobic degradation of solid Slaughterhouse waste: inhibition effects of long-chain fatty acids or ammonia.
    Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2003
    Co-Authors: L. Y. Lokshina, Esa Salminen, V. A. Vavilin, Jukka Rintala
    Abstract:

    The anaerobic bioconversion of solid poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes was kinetically investigated. The modified version of simulation model was applied for description of experimental data in mesophilic laboratory digester and assays. Additionally, stages of formation and consumption of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were included in the model. Batch data on volatile solids, ammonium, acetate, butyrate, propionate, LCFA concentrations, pH level, cumulative volume, and methane partial pressure were used for model calibration. As a reference, the model was used to describe digestion of solid sorted household waste. Simulation results showed that an inhibition of polymer hydrolysis by volatile fatty acids and acetogenesis by NH3 or LCFA could be responsible for the complex system dynamics during degradation of lipid- and protein-rich Wastes.

  • semi continuous anaerobic digestion of solid poultry Slaughterhouse waste effect of hydraulic retention time and loading
    Water Research, 2002
    Co-Authors: Esa Salminen, Jukka Rintala
    Abstract:

    Abstract We studied the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and loading on anaerobic digestion of poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes, using semi-continuously fed, laboratory-scale digesters at 31°C. The effect on process performance was highly significant: Anaerobic digestion appeared feasible with a loading of up to 0.8 kg volatile solids (VS)/m 3  d and an HRT of 50–100 days. The specific methane yield was high, from 0.52 to 0.55 m 3 /kg VS added . On the other hand, at a higher loading, in the range from 1.0 to 2.1 kg VS/m 3  d, and a shorter HRT, in the range from 25 to 13 days, the process appeared inhibited and/or overloaded, as indicated by the accumulation of volatile fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids and the decline in the methane yield. However, the inhibition was reversible. The nitrogen in the feed, ca. 7.8% of total solids (TS), was organic nitrogen with little ammonia present, whereas in the digested material ammonia accounted for 52–67% (up to 3.8 g/l) of total nitrogen. The TS and VS removals amounted to 76% and 64%, respectively. Our results show that on a continuous basis under the studied conditions and with a loading of up to 0.8 kg VS/m 3  d metric ton (wet weight) of the studied waste mixture could yield up to 140 m 3 of methane.

  • Anaerobically digested poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes as fertiliser in agriculture
    Bioresource technology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esa Salminen, Jukka Rintala, J Härkönen, M Kuitunen, H Högmander, Aimo Oikari
    Abstract:

    Chemical and physical analysis, 27-d plant growth assays with carrot (Daucus carota) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris var. chinensis), and 5-d phytotoxicity assays with Chinese cabbage and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) were used to investigate the suitability of anaerobically digested poultry Slaughterhouse waste for fertiliser in agriculture and the effect of aerobic post-treatment on the properties of the digested material. The digested material appeared to be rich in nitrogen. In 27-d assays with digested material as nitrogen source, carrots grew almost as well as those fertilised with a commercial mineral fertiliser used as reference, whereas, the growth of Chinese cabbage was inhibited. In further 5-d phytotoxicity assays, the digested material inhibited the germination and root growth of ryegrass and Chinese cabbage, apparently because of organic acids present in it. Aerobic post-treatment of the material reduced its phytotoxicity but, probably due to the volatilisation of ammonia, resulted in loss of nitrogen.

  • Anaerobic batch degradation of solid poultry Slaughterhouse waste.
    Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2000
    Co-Authors: Esa Salminen, Jukka Rintala, L. Y. Lokshina, V. A. Vavilin
    Abstract:

    We studied anaerobic batch degradation of solid poultry Slaughterhouse Wastes with different initial waste and inoculum concentrations and waste-to-inoculum ratios and simulated the dynamics of the process with a new generation model. Our modelling results suggest that inhibited propionate degradation by long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and inhibited hydrolysis by a high propionate concentration constituted the rate-limiting step in the waste degradation. Palmitate was the most abundant LCFA in the assays. Within 27 days of incubation, up to 0.55 to 0.67 m3 of methane (STP)/kg VS added was produced under the studied conditions. Lower waste-to-inoculum ratios exhibited a faster onset and rate of specific methane production. In all the assays, ammonification occurred within 3 to 6 days and accounted for 50 to 60% of total nitrogen.

B Fernández - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterization of microbial community dynamics during the anaerobic co-digestion of thermally pre-treated Slaughterhouse Wastes with glycerin addition
    Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: Á. Rodríguez-abalde, Xavier Flotats, Miriam Guivernau, Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, B Fernández
    Abstract:

    Microbial community dynamics during the anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure, pasteurized Slaughterhouse waste and glycerin were studied in a lab-scale CSTR. The feed composition was optimized through progressive co-substrate additions for enhanced methane production and organic matter removal without accumulation of intermediate compounds. Microbial community structure of biomass samples was studied by means of qPCR and DGGE profiling of 16S rRNA genes (Bacteria and Archaea), and genus-specific qPCR of the methyl coenzyme M reductase gene (mcrA), which encodes for an enzyme universally involved in methanogenesis. The composition of the dominant bacterial populations remained relatively stable, when compared to those in the influent, but the highest changes were observed upon the introduction of glycerin. Biodiversity of archaea was restricted to a few representatives of the genera Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina, but Methanospirillum sp. was detected only when glycerin was introduced in the feeding. Glycerin supplementation coincided with the strongest increase in methane yield (from 0.22 to 0.64 m3CH4 m−3 d−1).

  • Mesophilic co-digestion of dairy manure and lipid rich solid Slaughterhouse Wastes: Process efficiency, limitations and floating granules formation
    Bioresource technology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Peep Pitk, B Fernández, Prasad Kaparaju, J. Palatsi, Raivo Vilu
    Abstract:

    Lipid and protein rich solid Slaughterhouse Wastes are attractive co-substrates to increase volumetric biogas production in co-digestion with dairy manure. Addition of decanter sludge (DS), containing 42.2% of lipids and 35.8% of proteins (total solids basis), up to 5% of feed mixture resulted in a stable process without any indication of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) or free ammonia (NH3) inhibition and in 3.5-fold increase of volumetric biogas production. Contrary, only lipids addition as technical fat (TF) at over 2% of feed mixture resulted in formation of floating granules (FG) and process efficiency decrease. Formed FG had low biodegradability and its organic part was composed of lipids and calcium salts of LCFAs. Anaerobic digestion process intentionally directed to FG formation, could be a viable option for mitigation and control of lipids overload and derived LCFA inhibition.