The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael R. Irwin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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implications of Sleep Disturbance and inflammation for alzheimer s disease dementia
Lancet Neurology, 2019Co-Authors: Michael R. Irwin, Michael V VitielloAbstract:Summary Nearly half of all adults older than 60 years of age report Sleep Disturbance, as characterised either by reports of insomnia complaints with daytime consequences, dissatisfaction with Sleep quality or quantity, or the diagnosis of insomnia disorder. Accumulating evidence shows that Sleep Disturbance contributes to cognitive decline and might also increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia by increasing β-amyloid burden. That Sleep Disturbance would be a candidate risk factor for Alzheimer's disease might seem surprising, given that disturbed Sleep is usually considered a consequence of Alzheimer's disease. However, a bidirectional relationship between Sleep and Alzheimer's disease is supported by advances in our understanding of Sleep Disturbance-induced increases in systemic inflammation, which can be viewed as an early event in the course of Alzheimer's disease. Inflammation increases β-amyloid burden and is thought to drive Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Improved understanding of the mechanisms linking Sleep Disturbance and Alzheimer's disease risk could facilitate the identification of targets for prevention, given that both Sleep Disturbance and inflammatory activation might be modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease.
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preexisting mild Sleep Disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation induced depressed mood a human experimental study
Translational Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Naomi I. Eisenberger, Richard G. Olmstead, Elizabeth C Breen, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Sleep Disturbance and depression are common, particularly in females, and Sleep Disturbance is a well-known risk factor for depression. Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism of this association. This study examined whether preexisting Sleep Disturbance acted as a vulnerability factor for depressed mood induced by an inflammatory challenge in healthy females vs males. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design, volunteers aged 18-50 (N = 111; 67 females) were assigned to placebo or low-dose endotoxin. Before substance administration, Sleep Disturbance was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and dichotomized using median split (⩾ 3 vs < 3). Self-reported depressed mood (profile of mood states) and circulating proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) were repeatedly assessed over 6 h. Among females, moderation of depressed mood by Sleep Disturbance was significant even after adjustment for covariates (X(2) = 12.73, df = 6, P < 0.05). There was a robust time-by-condition interaction in females with Sleep Disturbance (X(2) = 26.22, df = 6, P < 0.001), but not in females without Sleep Disturbance (X(2) = 8.65, df = 6, P = 0.19). Although cytokines increased equally in all females, the correlations between cytokines and depressed mood were significantly stronger in females with Sleep Disturbance. Among males, no moderating effect of Sleep Disturbance was observed. Inflammation-induced depressed mood was considerably more severe among females reporting mild Sleep Disturbance compared with those reporting no Sleep Disturbance, suggesting that even mild Sleep Disturbance may increase vulnerability for inflammation-induced depression in females. Furthermore, Sleep Disturbance appears to increase the vulnerability to depression by augmenting affective sensitivity to cytokines rather than by enhancing cytokine responses to inflammatory challenge in females.
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Mild Sleep Disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depressed mood in women: An experimental study
Brain Behavior and Immunity, 2015Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Naomi I. Eisenberger, Steve W. Cole, Richard G. Olmstead, A. Avidan, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Sleep Disturbance and depression are major public health burdens, particularly in women, and Sleep Disturbance is a well-known risk factor for depression. Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism of this association. This study examined whether self-reported Sleep Disturbance acted as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depression among healthy women. Healthy women aged 18–50 (N = 67) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or low-dose endotoxin (0.8 ng/kg). Self-reported depressed mood was repeatedly assessed over 6 h. Participants exposed to endotoxin, compared with placebo, showed greater increases in depressed mood over time according to mixed-effects model regression (X2 = 28.35, df = 6, p = 0.0001). To examine whether Sleep Disturbance enhances depressive responses to endotoxin, moderation was tested for Sleep Disturbance assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as a binary variable using median split (PSQI global score ≥3 vs.
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persistent Sleep Disturbance a risk factor for recurrent depression in community dwelling older adults
Sleep, 2013Co-Authors: Eun Lee, Hyong Jin Cho, Richard G. Olmstead, Myron J Levin, Michael N Oxman, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Author(s): Lee, Eun; Cho, Hyong Jin; Olmstead, Richard; Levin, Myron J; Oxman, Michael N; Irwin, Michael R | Abstract: Study objectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the associations between the temporal and severity characteristics of Sleep Disturbance and subsequent depression in community-dwelling older adults.DesignA prospective cohort study with assessment of Sleep Disturbance and depression at baseline and across 2 years of follow-up.SettingThree urban communities in the United States.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling older adults in whom prior depression (n = 145), current depression (n = 68), or never mentally ill (n = 206) were diagnosed at the baseline assessment.Measurements and resultsMajor depression at year 2, defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Among patients with either a depression history or current depression at baseline, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 was associated with persistent or recurrent depression at year 2, after adjustment for group status, antidepressant and hypnotic sedative use, severity of depressive symptoms, chronic medical burden, and sociodemographic variables (adjusted odds ratio = 5.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 23.29). Among those who were not depressed at year 1, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 predicted depression recurrence during year 2 (adjusted hazards ratio = 16.05, CI = 1.21 to 213.06), independent of the severity of Sleep Disturbance. None of the older adults who were never mentally ill developed a depression.ConclusionsPersistent Sleep Disturbance during a year-long period is associated with depression the following year. Among older adults with prior depression, identification of those with persistent Sleep Disturbance may optimize the efficacy of Sleep related interventions to improve depression remission and/or prevent late-life depression.
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persistent Sleep Disturbance a risk factor for recurrent depression in community dwelling older adults
Sleep, 2013Co-Authors: Richard G. Olmstead, Myron J Levin, Michael N Oxman, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Author(s): Lee, Eun; Cho, Hyong Jin; Olmstead, Richard; Levin, Myron J; Oxman, Michael N; Irwin, Michael R | Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between the temporal and severity characteristics of Sleep Disturbance and subsequent depression in community-dwelling older adults.A prospective cohort study with assessment of Sleep Disturbance and depression at baseline and across 2 years of follow-up.Three urban communities in the United States.Community-dwelling older adults in whom prior depression (n = 145), current depression (n = 68), or never mentally ill (n = 206) were diagnosed at the baseline assessment.Major depression at year 2, defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Among patients with either a depression history or current depression at baseline, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 was associated with persistent or recurrent depression at year 2, after adjustment for group status, antidepressant and hypnotic sedative use, severity of depressive symptoms, chronic medical burden, and sociodemographic variables (adjusted odds ratio = 5.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 23.29). Among those who were not depressed at year 1, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 predicted depression recurrence during year 2 (adjusted hazards ratio = 16.05, CI = 1.21 to 213.06), independent of the severity of Sleep Disturbance. None of the older adults who were never mentally ill developed a depression.Persistent Sleep Disturbance during a year-long period is associated with depression the following year. Among older adults with prior depression, identification of those with persistent Sleep Disturbance may optimize the efficacy of Sleep related interventions to improve depression remission and/or prevent late-life depression.
Richard G. Olmstead - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preexisting mild Sleep Disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation induced depressed mood a human experimental study
Translational Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Naomi I. Eisenberger, Richard G. Olmstead, Elizabeth C Breen, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Sleep Disturbance and depression are common, particularly in females, and Sleep Disturbance is a well-known risk factor for depression. Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism of this association. This study examined whether preexisting Sleep Disturbance acted as a vulnerability factor for depressed mood induced by an inflammatory challenge in healthy females vs males. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design, volunteers aged 18-50 (N = 111; 67 females) were assigned to placebo or low-dose endotoxin. Before substance administration, Sleep Disturbance was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and dichotomized using median split (⩾ 3 vs < 3). Self-reported depressed mood (profile of mood states) and circulating proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) were repeatedly assessed over 6 h. Among females, moderation of depressed mood by Sleep Disturbance was significant even after adjustment for covariates (X(2) = 12.73, df = 6, P < 0.05). There was a robust time-by-condition interaction in females with Sleep Disturbance (X(2) = 26.22, df = 6, P < 0.001), but not in females without Sleep Disturbance (X(2) = 8.65, df = 6, P = 0.19). Although cytokines increased equally in all females, the correlations between cytokines and depressed mood were significantly stronger in females with Sleep Disturbance. Among males, no moderating effect of Sleep Disturbance was observed. Inflammation-induced depressed mood was considerably more severe among females reporting mild Sleep Disturbance compared with those reporting no Sleep Disturbance, suggesting that even mild Sleep Disturbance may increase vulnerability for inflammation-induced depression in females. Furthermore, Sleep Disturbance appears to increase the vulnerability to depression by augmenting affective sensitivity to cytokines rather than by enhancing cytokine responses to inflammatory challenge in females.
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Mild Sleep Disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depressed mood in women: An experimental study
Brain Behavior and Immunity, 2015Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Naomi I. Eisenberger, Steve W. Cole, Richard G. Olmstead, A. Avidan, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Sleep Disturbance and depression are major public health burdens, particularly in women, and Sleep Disturbance is a well-known risk factor for depression. Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism of this association. This study examined whether self-reported Sleep Disturbance acted as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depression among healthy women. Healthy women aged 18–50 (N = 67) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or low-dose endotoxin (0.8 ng/kg). Self-reported depressed mood was repeatedly assessed over 6 h. Participants exposed to endotoxin, compared with placebo, showed greater increases in depressed mood over time according to mixed-effects model regression (X2 = 28.35, df = 6, p = 0.0001). To examine whether Sleep Disturbance enhances depressive responses to endotoxin, moderation was tested for Sleep Disturbance assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as a binary variable using median split (PSQI global score ≥3 vs.
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persistent Sleep Disturbance a risk factor for recurrent depression in community dwelling older adults
Sleep, 2013Co-Authors: Eun Lee, Hyong Jin Cho, Richard G. Olmstead, Myron J Levin, Michael N Oxman, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Author(s): Lee, Eun; Cho, Hyong Jin; Olmstead, Richard; Levin, Myron J; Oxman, Michael N; Irwin, Michael R | Abstract: Study objectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the associations between the temporal and severity characteristics of Sleep Disturbance and subsequent depression in community-dwelling older adults.DesignA prospective cohort study with assessment of Sleep Disturbance and depression at baseline and across 2 years of follow-up.SettingThree urban communities in the United States.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling older adults in whom prior depression (n = 145), current depression (n = 68), or never mentally ill (n = 206) were diagnosed at the baseline assessment.Measurements and resultsMajor depression at year 2, defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Among patients with either a depression history or current depression at baseline, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 was associated with persistent or recurrent depression at year 2, after adjustment for group status, antidepressant and hypnotic sedative use, severity of depressive symptoms, chronic medical burden, and sociodemographic variables (adjusted odds ratio = 5.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 23.29). Among those who were not depressed at year 1, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 predicted depression recurrence during year 2 (adjusted hazards ratio = 16.05, CI = 1.21 to 213.06), independent of the severity of Sleep Disturbance. None of the older adults who were never mentally ill developed a depression.ConclusionsPersistent Sleep Disturbance during a year-long period is associated with depression the following year. Among older adults with prior depression, identification of those with persistent Sleep Disturbance may optimize the efficacy of Sleep related interventions to improve depression remission and/or prevent late-life depression.
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persistent Sleep Disturbance a risk factor for recurrent depression in community dwelling older adults
Sleep, 2013Co-Authors: Richard G. Olmstead, Myron J Levin, Michael N Oxman, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Author(s): Lee, Eun; Cho, Hyong Jin; Olmstead, Richard; Levin, Myron J; Oxman, Michael N; Irwin, Michael R | Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between the temporal and severity characteristics of Sleep Disturbance and subsequent depression in community-dwelling older adults.A prospective cohort study with assessment of Sleep Disturbance and depression at baseline and across 2 years of follow-up.Three urban communities in the United States.Community-dwelling older adults in whom prior depression (n = 145), current depression (n = 68), or never mentally ill (n = 206) were diagnosed at the baseline assessment.Major depression at year 2, defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Among patients with either a depression history or current depression at baseline, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 was associated with persistent or recurrent depression at year 2, after adjustment for group status, antidepressant and hypnotic sedative use, severity of depressive symptoms, chronic medical burden, and sociodemographic variables (adjusted odds ratio = 5.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 23.29). Among those who were not depressed at year 1, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 predicted depression recurrence during year 2 (adjusted hazards ratio = 16.05, CI = 1.21 to 213.06), independent of the severity of Sleep Disturbance. None of the older adults who were never mentally ill developed a depression.Persistent Sleep Disturbance during a year-long period is associated with depression the following year. Among older adults with prior depression, identification of those with persistent Sleep Disturbance may optimize the efficacy of Sleep related interventions to improve depression remission and/or prevent late-life depression.
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Sleep Disturbance inflammation and depression risk in cancer survivors
Brain Behavior and Immunity, 2013Co-Authors: Michael R. Irwin, Richard G. Olmstead, Patricia A Ganz, Reina HaqueAbstract:Over two-thirds of the 11.4 million cancer survivors in the United States can expect long-term survival, with many others living with cancer as a chronic disease controlled by ongoing therapy. However, behavioral co-morbidities often arise during treatment and persist long-term to complicate survival and reduce quality of life. In this review, the inter-relationships between cancer, depression, and Sleep Disturbance are described, with a focus on the role of Sleep Disturbance as a risk factor for depression. Increasing evidence also links alterations in inflammatory biology dynamics to these long-term effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the hypothesis that Sleep Disturbance drives inflammation, which together contribute to depression, is discussed. Better understanding of the associations between inflammation and behavioral co-morbidities has the potential to refine prediction of risk and development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of Sleep Disturbance and depression in cancer survivors.
Bunmi O. Olatunji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prospective Associations Between Sleep Disturbance and Repetitive Negative Thinking: The Mediating Roles of Focusing and Shifting Attentional Control.
Behavior Therapy, 2018Co-Authors: Rebecca C. Cox, David A. Cole, Eliza L. Kramer, Bunmi O. OlatunjiAbstract:Although considerable evidence has linked Sleep Disturbance to symptoms of psychopathology, including repetitive negative thinking, few studies have examined how Sleep Disturbance may predict repetitive negative thinking over time. Further, no study to date has examined specific mechanisms that may account for this relationship. The present study sought to address these gaps in the literature by testing focusing and shifting attentional control as two potential mediators of the relationship between Sleep Disturbance and repetitive negative thinking over a 6-month period. A final sample of 445 unselected community participants completed measures of Sleep Disturbance and repetitive negative thinking at Time 1, measures of focusing and shifting attentional control 3 months later, and measures of repetitive negative thinking again 6 months later. Results revealed that focusing, but not shifting, attentional control mediated the relationship between Sleep Disturbance and repetitive negative thinking, specifically, worry, rumination, and obsessions. These findings provide preliminary evidence for focusing attentional control as a candidate mechanism that may explain the causal role of Sleep Disturbance in the development of repetitive negative thinking observed in various disorders.
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Sleep Disturbance in posttraumatic stress disorder epiphenomenon or causal factor
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Rebecca C. Cox, Breanna Tuck, Bunmi O. OlatunjiAbstract:Purpose of Review The goal of this review is to integrate recent findings on Sleep Disturbance and PTSD, examine Sleep Disturbance as a causal factor in the development of PTSD, and identify future directions for research, treatment, and prevention.
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a systematic review of Sleep Disturbance in anxiety and related disorders
Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 2016Co-Authors: Rebecca C. Cox, Bunmi O. OlatunjiAbstract:Recent research suggests that Sleep Disturbance may be a transdiagnostic process, and there is increasing interest in examining how Sleep Disturbance may contribute to anxiety and related disorders. The current review summarizes and synthesizes the extant research assessing Sleep in anxiety and related disorders. The findings suggest that Sleep Disturbance exacerbates symptom severity in the majority of anxiety and related disorders. However, the nature of Sleep Disturbance often varies as a function of objective versus subjective assessment. Although Sleep Disturbance is a correlate of most anxiety and related disorders, a causal role for Sleep Disturbance is less clear. A model of potential mechanisms by which Sleep Disturbance may confer risk for the development of anxiety and related disorders is discussed. Future research integrating findings from basic Sleep research with current knowledge of anxiety and related disorders may facilitate the development of novel treatments for comorbid Sleep Disturbance and clinical anxiety.
Thomas Roth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stress related Sleep Disturbance and polysomnographic response to caffeine
Sleep Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Christopher L Drake, Catherine Jefferson, Timothy Roehrs, Thomas RothAbstract:Abstract Background and purpose To determine the Sleep response to caffeine in individuals vulnerable to stress-related Sleep Disturbance as measured by polysomnography. Patients and methods Eleven healthy individuals without insomnia scoring low (4 women, mean age=32.64±15.46 years) and 10 healthy individuals also without insomnia scoring high (6 women, mean age=34.20±13.73 years) on a measure of vulnerability to stress-related Sleep Disturbance were studied in a laboratory protocol. A moderate-low dose of caffeine (3 mg/kg) was administered 1 h prior to lights-out and compared to a counterbalanced control night with each condition separated by 1 week. Standard polysomnographic measures were assessed (i.e. total Sleep time, Sleep efficiency, latency to persistent Sleep, and Sleep stage percentages) for both control and caffeine nights. Results There were no between-group differences in Sleep on the control night. Importantly, individuals reporting vulnerability to stress-related Sleep Disturbance had significantly prolonged latency to persistent Sleep in response to the caffeine challenge (interaction; P Conclusion Normal Sleepers with an identified vulnerability to stress-induced Sleep Disturbance exhibited greater objectively verifiable Sleep-reactivity in response to a caffeine challenge compared to non-vulnerable individuals. These results suggest that the construct of individual differences in vulnerability to Sleep Disturbance applies to a pharmacological ‘stressor’ (i.e. caffeine) as well as to previously assessed stressors such as a first-night effect. This finding provides further support for generalized trait vulnerability by demonstrating a Sleep Disturbance to a wake-promoting pharmacological challenge in specific a priori identified individuals.
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vulnerability to stress related Sleep Disturbance and hyperarousal
Sleep, 2004Co-Authors: Christopher L Drake, Timothy Roehrs, Gary S Richardson, Holly Scofield, Thomas RothAbstract:Study objectives To determine the presence of a hypothesized trait vulnerability to Sleep Disturbance and hyperarousal. Design Polysomnographic assessment of Sleep in response to stress during a first night in the laboratory and subsequent physiologic arousal. Participants One hundred and four individuals (46% men, mean age 40.4 +/- 12.9 years) drawn from a population-based sample. Interventions Individuals were exposed to a first night in the laboratory. Measurements and results Participants completed a Likert-scale questionnaire, consisting of 27 items, that assesses Sleep Disturbance in response to commonly experienced stressful situations. Factor analytic techniques identified a single 9-item factor that was representative of the construct of "stress-related" vulnerability to Sleep Disturbance. Reliability of the resulting 9-item scale was high (Cronbach's alpha = .83). Individuals with higher scores on this scale, the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST; median split), had a lower Sleep efficiency (P = .001), as well as an increased latency to stage 1 Sleep (P = .001) and persistent Sleep (P = .002) on the first night of nocturnal polysomnography. Moreover, these high-scoring individuals showed increased arousal as evidenced by an elevated Sleep latency on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test compared to individuals with low FIRST scores. Importantly, after controlling for current and past insomnia, the differences between individuals scoring high and low on the FIRST in terms of nocturnal Sleep and daytime arousal remained significant. Other stages of Sleep (stage 2, slow-wave, and rapid eye movement Sleep) were not different between the groups. Conclusions These results showing a relationship between FIRST scores and nocturnal polysomnography and Multiple Sleep Latency Test scores have 3 potential implications: (1) the data demonstrate a characteristic that relates to vulnerability to stress-related Sleep Disturbance as manifested by a first night in the laboratory; (2) the elevated latencies on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test in these individuals, despite significantly disturbed Sleep, support the notion of physiologic hyperarousal in these individuals and suggests they may be predisposed to developing chronic primary insomnia; and (3) the vulnerability identified may underlie vulnerability to transient Sleep Disturbance associated with other Sleep-disruptive factors.
Hyong Jin Cho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preexisting mild Sleep Disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation induced depressed mood a human experimental study
Translational Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Naomi I. Eisenberger, Richard G. Olmstead, Elizabeth C Breen, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Sleep Disturbance and depression are common, particularly in females, and Sleep Disturbance is a well-known risk factor for depression. Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism of this association. This study examined whether preexisting Sleep Disturbance acted as a vulnerability factor for depressed mood induced by an inflammatory challenge in healthy females vs males. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design, volunteers aged 18-50 (N = 111; 67 females) were assigned to placebo or low-dose endotoxin. Before substance administration, Sleep Disturbance was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and dichotomized using median split (⩾ 3 vs < 3). Self-reported depressed mood (profile of mood states) and circulating proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) were repeatedly assessed over 6 h. Among females, moderation of depressed mood by Sleep Disturbance was significant even after adjustment for covariates (X(2) = 12.73, df = 6, P < 0.05). There was a robust time-by-condition interaction in females with Sleep Disturbance (X(2) = 26.22, df = 6, P < 0.001), but not in females without Sleep Disturbance (X(2) = 8.65, df = 6, P = 0.19). Although cytokines increased equally in all females, the correlations between cytokines and depressed mood were significantly stronger in females with Sleep Disturbance. Among males, no moderating effect of Sleep Disturbance was observed. Inflammation-induced depressed mood was considerably more severe among females reporting mild Sleep Disturbance compared with those reporting no Sleep Disturbance, suggesting that even mild Sleep Disturbance may increase vulnerability for inflammation-induced depression in females. Furthermore, Sleep Disturbance appears to increase the vulnerability to depression by augmenting affective sensitivity to cytokines rather than by enhancing cytokine responses to inflammatory challenge in females.
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Mild Sleep Disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depressed mood in women: An experimental study
Brain Behavior and Immunity, 2015Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Naomi I. Eisenberger, Steve W. Cole, Richard G. Olmstead, A. Avidan, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Sleep Disturbance and depression are major public health burdens, particularly in women, and Sleep Disturbance is a well-known risk factor for depression. Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism of this association. This study examined whether self-reported Sleep Disturbance acted as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depression among healthy women. Healthy women aged 18–50 (N = 67) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or low-dose endotoxin (0.8 ng/kg). Self-reported depressed mood was repeatedly assessed over 6 h. Participants exposed to endotoxin, compared with placebo, showed greater increases in depressed mood over time according to mixed-effects model regression (X2 = 28.35, df = 6, p = 0.0001). To examine whether Sleep Disturbance enhances depressive responses to endotoxin, moderation was tested for Sleep Disturbance assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as a binary variable using median split (PSQI global score ≥3 vs.
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persistent Sleep Disturbance a risk factor for recurrent depression in community dwelling older adults
Sleep, 2013Co-Authors: Eun Lee, Hyong Jin Cho, Richard G. Olmstead, Myron J Levin, Michael N Oxman, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Author(s): Lee, Eun; Cho, Hyong Jin; Olmstead, Richard; Levin, Myron J; Oxman, Michael N; Irwin, Michael R | Abstract: Study objectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the associations between the temporal and severity characteristics of Sleep Disturbance and subsequent depression in community-dwelling older adults.DesignA prospective cohort study with assessment of Sleep Disturbance and depression at baseline and across 2 years of follow-up.SettingThree urban communities in the United States.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling older adults in whom prior depression (n = 145), current depression (n = 68), or never mentally ill (n = 206) were diagnosed at the baseline assessment.Measurements and resultsMajor depression at year 2, defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Among patients with either a depression history or current depression at baseline, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 was associated with persistent or recurrent depression at year 2, after adjustment for group status, antidepressant and hypnotic sedative use, severity of depressive symptoms, chronic medical burden, and sociodemographic variables (adjusted odds ratio = 5.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 23.29). Among those who were not depressed at year 1, persistent Sleep Disturbance throughout year 1 predicted depression recurrence during year 2 (adjusted hazards ratio = 16.05, CI = 1.21 to 213.06), independent of the severity of Sleep Disturbance. None of the older adults who were never mentally ill developed a depression.ConclusionsPersistent Sleep Disturbance during a year-long period is associated with depression the following year. Among older adults with prior depression, identification of those with persistent Sleep Disturbance may optimize the efficacy of Sleep related interventions to improve depression remission and/or prevent late-life depression.
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Sleep Disturbance and depression recurrence in community dwelling older adults a prospective study
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2008Co-Authors: Hyong Jin Cho, Richard G. Olmstead, Myron J Levin, Michael N Oxman, Helen Lavretsky, Michael R. IrwinAbstract:Objective: A prior depressive episode is thought to increase the risk of depression. However, among older adults with prior depression, it is unclear whether Sleep Disturbance predicts depression recurrence independent of other depressive symptoms. Method: A 2-year prospective cohort study was conducted with 351 community-dwelling older adults ages 60 years and older: 145 persons with a history of major or nonmajor depression in full remission and 206 without a prior history of depression or any mental illness. The participants were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years for depressive episodes, depressive symptoms, Sleep quality, and chronic medical disease. Results: Twenty-three subjects (16.9%) with prior depression developed depressive episodes during follow-up, compared to only one person in the group without prior mental illness (0.5%). Within the group with prior depression, depression recurrence was predicted by Sleep Disturbance, and this association was independent of other depressive symptoms, chronic medical disease, and antidepressant medication use. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that Sleep Disturbance acts as an independent risk factor for depression recurrence in community-dwelling older adults. To identify older adults at risk for depression, a two-step strategy can be employed, which involves assessment of the presence of a prior depressive episode along with Sleep Disturbance.
