The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mikael Olsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Abrasive wear resistance of some commercial Abrasion resistant steels evaluated by laboratory test methods
Wear, 2009Co-Authors: José Rendón, Mikael OlssonAbstract:Abstract The aim of the present study is to evaluate the abrasive wear resistance of some potential Abrasion resistant steels exposed to different types of abrasive wear contact conditions typical of mining and transportation applications. The steels investigated, include a ferritic stainless steel, a medium alloyed ferritic carbon steel and a medium alloyed martensitic carbon steel. The abrasive wear resistance of the steels was evaluated using two different laboratory test methods, i.e. pin-on-disc testing and paddle wear testing that expose the materials to Sliding Abrasion and impact Abrasion, respectively. All tests were performed under dry conditions in air at room temperature. In order to evaluate the tribological response of the different steels post-test characterization of the worn surfaces were performed using optical surface profilometry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Besides, characterization of the wear induced sub-surface microstructure was performed using optical microscopy. The results show that depending on the abrasive conditions a combination of high hardness and toughness (fracture strain) is of importance in order to obtain a high wear resistance. In the pin-on-disc test (i.e. in Sliding Abrasion) these properties seem to be controlled by the as-rolled microstructure of the steels although a thin triboinduced sub-surface layer (5–10 μm in thickness) may influence the results. In contrast, in the paddle wear test (i.e. in impact Abrasion), resulting in higher forces acting perpendicular to the surface by impacting stones, these properties are definitely controlled by the properties of the active sub-surface layer which also contains small imbedded stone fragments.
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Abrasive wear resistance of some commercial Abrasion resistant steels evaluated by laboratory test methods
Wear, 2009Co-Authors: José Rendón, Mikael OlssonAbstract:The aim of the present study is to evaluate the abrasive wear resistance of some potential Abrasion resistant steels exposed to different types of abrasive wear contact conditions typical of mining and transportation applications. The steels investigated, include a ferritic stainless steel, a medium alloyed ferritic carbon steel and a medium alloyed martensitic carbon steel. The abrasive wear resistance of the steels was evaluated using two different laboratory test methods, i.e. pin-on-disc testing and paddle wear testing that expose the materials to Sliding Abrasion and impact Abrasion, respectively. All tests were performed under dry conditions in air at room temperature. In order to evaluate the tribological response of the different steels post-test characterization of the worn surfaces were performed using optical surface profilometry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Besides, characterization of the wear induced sub-surface microstructure was performed using optical microscopy. The results show that depending on the abrasive conditions a combination of high hardness and toughness (fracture strain) is of importance in order to obtain a high wear resistance. In the pin-on-disc test (i.e. in Sliding Abrasion) these properties seem to be controlled by the as-rolled microstructure of the steels although a thin triboinduced sub-surface layer (5-10 μm in thickness) may influence the results. In contrast, in the paddle wear test (i.e. in impact Abrasion), resulting in higher forces acting perpendicular to the surface by impacting stones, these properties are definitely controlled by the properties of the active sub-surface layer which also contains small imbedded stone fragments. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Sing Yick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wear resistance of materials used for slurry transport
Wear, 2020Co-Authors: Jiaren (jimmy) Jiang, Kidus Yoseph Tufa, Sing YickAbstract:More and more slurry transport systems are used in mining operations to efficiently and cost-effectively transport ores and tailings. The materials used for slurry transport are often subjected to severe wear attack. In this study, the wear modes and wear resistance of materials commonly used for slurry transport are discussed. Slurry jet erosion, Coriolis slurry scouring erosion and slurry Sliding Abrasion tests are used to simulate these wear modes and to characterize the wear resistance of the materials. The wear resistance of selected materials from each material category commonly used for slurry transport, including steels, high chromium white cast irons, chrome carbide-based and tungsten carbide-based overlays, elastomers, plastics, ceramics and cermets, are reported. The relationships of the wear resistance of these materials with their mechanical properties are also briefly discussed.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye
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Wear resistance of materials used for slurry transport
Wear, 2015Co-Authors: Yongsong Xie, Jiaren (jimmy) Jiang, Kidus Yoseph Tufa, Sing YickAbstract:More and more slurry transport systems are used in mining operations to efficiently and cost-effectively transport ores and tailings. The materials used for slurry transport are often subjected to severe wear attack. In this study, the wear modes and wear resistance of materials commonly used for slurry transport are discussed. Slurry jet erosion, Coriolis slurry scouring erosion and slurry Sliding Abrasion tests are used to simulate these wear modes and to characterize the wear resistance of the materials. The wear resistance of selected materials from each material category commonly used for slurry transport, including steels, high chromium white cast irons, chrome carbide-based and tungsten carbide-based overlays, elastomers, plastics, ceramics and cermets, are reported. The relationships of the wear resistance of these materials with their mechanical properties are also briefly discussed.
R J Llewellyn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sliding Abrasion resistance assessment of metallic materials for elevated temperature mineral processing conditions
Wear, 2009Co-Authors: L C Jones, R J LlewellynAbstract:Abstract The multiplicity of harsh environments in mining, processing and transporting ore and related waste, cause severe wear, extremely high maintenance costs and lost production. Elevated temperature processing is one of the conditions that influence the performance of possible materials of construction. This takes the forms of reduced hardness and strength, deleterious changes in the structure and properties of materials during protracted exposure and increased oxidation and corrosion. Drag chain conveying of hot solids e.g. in smelting, typically results in three-body Sliding Abrasion and adhesive wear of connecting pins and hole surfaces in link assemblies and of moving paddles that impel the particulates in enclosed channels. Selected materials have been assessed for this type of service under reciprocating Sliding Abrasion contact conditions using an adapted Cameron-Plint TE77 wear rig at 20 °C and 350 °C. These include the current carburised low alloy steel, other steels, Cr white irons and Co-based alloys in bulk, overlay and surface treated forms. Examination of wear scars, using scanning electron microscopy, identified the main wear mechanisms affecting the highly resistant powder metallurgical (PM) tool steels and HVOF coating as micro-scratching and as indentation leading to micro-fracture. Materials with lowest resistance displayed evidence of significant material removal by micro-ploughing. The formation of oxide layers on some samples during testing appeared to be beneficial.
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Assessment of the erosion resistance of steels used for slurry handling and transport in mineral processing applications
Wear, 2001Co-Authors: H.mci Clark, R J LlewellynAbstract:Abstract The wear environment of steels used for containing, transporting and processing erosive mineral slurries is often such that fluid borne particles form a layer moving at high speed across the wearing surface. Information on the performance ranking of such materials is limited, particularly with respect to the influence of steel hardness and microstructure on the resistance to erosion. This is particularly important for the oil sands industry of Northern Alberta where handling and processing of essentially silica-based solids results in extremely severe wear conditions. This paper presents slurry erosion data obtained on 11 commercially available wear resistant plate and pipeline steels with hardness values up to ∼750 HV. These data were obtained using a Coriolis erosion tester operated at 5000 rpm with an aqueous slurry containing 10 wt.% of 200–300 μm silica sand particles. The Coriolis erosion tester was selected because it provides a low-angle scouring action that simulates the erosive conditions encountered in oil sands and tailings pipeline transport and in some related processing operations. Results show that this test method is able to discriminate clearly between the erosion resistance of these steels, expressed in terms of specific energy (the energy necessary to remove unit volume of test material), with the most erosion resistant steel being more than five times superior to the least resistant. A graphical relation between steel hardness and erosion resistance is given. A comparison is also made between slurry erosion data and the performance of the materials in the ASTM G65 dry sand rubber wheel (DSRW) Sliding Abrasion test. Comments on the influence of the macro- and microstructures of the steels on their wear behaviour are included.
Hans Berns - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of abrasive particles on wear mechanism and wear resistance in Sliding Abrasion tests at elevated temperatures
Wear, 1999Co-Authors: Hans Berns, Stefan KochAbstract:Abstract The metal matrices (MMs) X2CrNiMo17-13-2 and NiCr20AlSi and the metal matrix composites (MMCs) of the latter MM with 30 v/o WC/W 2 C or Cr 3 C 2 as hard particles (HPs) were tested in Sliding Abrasion. The tests were carried out against flint, corundum and silicon carbide as abrasive particles (APs) at temperatures up to 900°C in argon. An increasing hardness ratio, H MM / H AP , improves the wear resistance at room temperature. At elevated temperatures, the wear resistance of the MMs depends upon the formation of a self-protecting layer of embedded AP-fragments. The tests against flint and corundum revealed an increasing wear resistance up to a critical temperature T C and a sharp decrease above T C which is lower for corundum than for flint. MMs tested against SiC show a constant low wear resistance versus temperature. An important improvement in the wear resistance is achieved by the utilization of HPs in MMCs with a hardness ratio, H HP / H AP , greater than 1.2.
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high temperature Sliding Abrasion of a nickel base alloy and composite
Wear, 1999Co-Authors: Hans Berns, Stefan KochAbstract:Abstract In previous work, Sliding Abrasion by interfacial flint particles was studied for a nickel-base MMC under argon up to 900°C. In the present investigation flint is replaced by corundum and silicon carbide. The hot hardness of the latter is above that of the NiCrAlSi-matrix and the WC/W 2 C particles, which dramatically lowers the wear resistance of the MMC compared to Abrasion by flint. Corundum is softer than tungsten carbide and the drop of wear resistance is less severe. In air, WC/W 2 C is readily oxidized, lowering the wear resistance to matrix level. In comparison, Cr 3 C 2 shows lower hot hardness but much better resistance to oxidation. A self-protecting particle layer of material debris and abrasive particles is formed under argon as well as in air, but at 800°C the oxidation of the debris in air entails a highly dense `glaze' layer.
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effect of coarse hard particles on high temperature Sliding Abrasion of new metal matrix composites
Wear, 1997Co-Authors: Hans Berns, Sinesio Domingues FrancoAbstract:Abstract Iron-base and nickel-base powders as well as several powders of different hard particles were tested by microscratching and microindentation up to 900°C. Those most suited were mixed and hot compacted to give new metal matrix composites(MMC). Up to 50v/o of coarse WC W 2 C particles were dispersed in a high speed steel matrix or in a NiCr20AlSi matrix. The wear rate in three-body Sliding Abrasion by flint under an argon atmosphere decreases with temperature to about 700 °C due to the formation of a self-protecting flint layer and a change in the hardness ratio of the microstructural constituents and the abrasive. MMC with 30 v/o of hard particles in the steel matrix are suitable for service up to 650 °C and those with a nickel matrix up to 750°C.
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Tribological stability of metallic materials at elevated temperatures
Wear, 1993Co-Authors: Hans Berns, A FischerAbstract:Abstract The Sliding Abrasion wear rates of metallic materials against flint, measured between 25 and 1050 °C under an argon atmosphere, are shown and discussed. Above 550 °C, wear is governed mainly by the properties of the metal matrix and can be correlated with its resistance to plastic deformation. Thus, the hot hardness and work hardening capability affect the wear rate under stationary conditions. Instabilities occur when dynamic recrystallization appears within the metal matrix, bringing about a total loss of its work hardening capability. Hard phases have only a small effect on the tribological behaviour under stationary and non-stationary conditions.
Stefan Koch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of abrasive particles on wear mechanism and wear resistance in Sliding Abrasion tests at elevated temperatures
Wear, 1999Co-Authors: Hans Berns, Stefan KochAbstract:Abstract The metal matrices (MMs) X2CrNiMo17-13-2 and NiCr20AlSi and the metal matrix composites (MMCs) of the latter MM with 30 v/o WC/W 2 C or Cr 3 C 2 as hard particles (HPs) were tested in Sliding Abrasion. The tests were carried out against flint, corundum and silicon carbide as abrasive particles (APs) at temperatures up to 900°C in argon. An increasing hardness ratio, H MM / H AP , improves the wear resistance at room temperature. At elevated temperatures, the wear resistance of the MMs depends upon the formation of a self-protecting layer of embedded AP-fragments. The tests against flint and corundum revealed an increasing wear resistance up to a critical temperature T C and a sharp decrease above T C which is lower for corundum than for flint. MMs tested against SiC show a constant low wear resistance versus temperature. An important improvement in the wear resistance is achieved by the utilization of HPs in MMCs with a hardness ratio, H HP / H AP , greater than 1.2.
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high temperature Sliding Abrasion of a nickel base alloy and composite
Wear, 1999Co-Authors: Hans Berns, Stefan KochAbstract:Abstract In previous work, Sliding Abrasion by interfacial flint particles was studied for a nickel-base MMC under argon up to 900°C. In the present investigation flint is replaced by corundum and silicon carbide. The hot hardness of the latter is above that of the NiCrAlSi-matrix and the WC/W 2 C particles, which dramatically lowers the wear resistance of the MMC compared to Abrasion by flint. Corundum is softer than tungsten carbide and the drop of wear resistance is less severe. In air, WC/W 2 C is readily oxidized, lowering the wear resistance to matrix level. In comparison, Cr 3 C 2 shows lower hot hardness but much better resistance to oxidation. A self-protecting particle layer of material debris and abrasive particles is formed under argon as well as in air, but at 800°C the oxidation of the debris in air entails a highly dense `glaze' layer.