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Shahiron Shahidan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Concrete Incorporated with Optimum Percentages of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Bottle Fiber
International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Shahiron ShahidanAbstract:Plastic solid waste generation increases every year with the current consumption habit prevalent in the society nowadays. The improper disposal of plastic has been a major concern to the environment as it is not easily degradable. The issue of environmental pollution caused by Polyethylene Terephthalates (PET) has been extensively discussed and the best solution proposed is recycling. Therefore, one of the potential means to the problem is to recycle polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the construction industry as fiber concrete (FC). FC is a composite material resulting from the addition of fibers to ordinary concrete. The objective of this research is to determine the mechanical properties and the optimum percentages of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers in ordinary concrete. In this study, straight and irregular recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers were used. The fibers were simply cut from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles. The length and width of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber were fixed at 50 mm and 5 mm respectively. The percentages of recycled PET fibers added in the concrete mix were 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2.0% respectively according to the volume of concrete to continue research of Ochi et al. (2007). A water-cement ratio of 0.45 was accepted for all ranges. The Tests that were conducted included the Slump Test, compressive strength Test and splitting tensile strength Test. The specimens were Tested on day 7 and day 28 after the concrete was mixed. The results obtained from each Test indicated that when the percentage of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber used increases, the values obtained from the Slump Test and compressive strength Test decreases while the value obtained from the splitting tensile Test increases.
Wen Yin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neurodynamic responses to the femoral Slump Test in patients with anterior knee pain syndrome
Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Pei Ling Lin, Yi Fen Shih, Wen Yin ChenAbstract:Study Design Matched-control, cross-sectional study. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the responses to the femoral Slump Test (FST), including the change in hip range of motion and level of discomfort, between subjects with and without anterior knee pain. Background Anterior knee pain syndrome is a common problem among adults. The FST is the neurodynamic Test used to assess the mechanosensitivity of the femoral component of the nervous system. However, as of yet, there is no literature discussing the use of the FST in patients with anterior knee pain. Methods Thirty patients with anterior knee pain and 30 control participants, matched by gender, age, and dominant leg, were recruited. The subjects received the FST, during which the hip extension angle and the location and intensity of pain/discomfort were recorded. Reproduction of symptoms that were alleviated by neck extension was interpreted as a positive Test. Differences in hip extension angle and pain intensity between groups were e...
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specificity of the femoral Slump Test for the assessment of experimentally induced anterior knee pain
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2012Co-Authors: Weng Hang Lai, Yi Fen Shih, Pei Ling Lin, Wen Yin ChenAbstract:Abstract Lai W-H, Shih Y-F, Lin P-L, Chen W-Y, Ma H-L. Specificity of the femoral Slump Test for the assessment of experimentally induced anterior knee pain. Objective To assess the specificity of the femoral Slump Test (FST) when assessing experimentally induced anterior knee pain. Design Cross-sectional, exploratory study. Setting Research laboratory. Participants Asymptomatic subjects (N=12; 6 men; 6 women) for the study. An experimental pain model was used to simulate anterior knee pain by injecting .25mL of hypertonic saline solution (5% NaCl) into the medial infrapatellar fat pad. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure The changes in pain intensity and diameter after applying the structure differential maneuver (neck flexion/extension) during the FST were recorded and analyzed. Results Results revealed that the structure differential maneuver of the FST did not alter the pain intensity or diameter in 9 (neck extension) and 10 (neck flexion) out of 12 subjects, which meant that the FST provided appropriate Testing responses in 75% to 83% cases when the anterior knee pain did not originate in neural tissues. Conclusions The FST had a specificity of more than .75 when detecting nerve mechanosensitivity problems of anterior knee pain.
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normal neurodynamic responses of the femoral Slump Test
Manual Therapy, 2012Co-Authors: Weng Hang Lai, Yi Fen Shih, Pei Ling Lin, Wen Yin ChenAbstract:Femoral Slump Test is a neurodynamic Testing, which could be used to assess the mechanosensitivity of the femoral component of the nervous system. Although Trainor and Pinnington reported the diagnosis accuracy of the femoral Slump Test, the neurodynamic responses of the femoral Slump Test have never been studied. The purposes of this study were to evaluate whether maneuvers that changed the nerve tension altered the responses of the femoral Slump Test and if these responses were influenced by gender and leg dominance; and to identify the correlations between flexibility and measured hip extension angle. Thirty-two asymptomatic subjects (16 males, 16 females) were recruited. The femoral Slump Test was performed in trunk Slump and neutral positions, and cervical extension was used as the structure differential technique. Hip extension angle and visual analog scale (VAS) of thigh pain was measured during the Test. Our results showed the decrease of nerve tension significantly increased hip extension ROM (P 0.05). These findings indicated that femoral Slump Test resulted in normal neurodynamic responses in individuals free of lower extremity problems, and these responses were independent of the influence of muscle flexibility or gender. Future research should emphasize the use of femoral Slump Test in patient groups such as low back and anterior knee pain.
Pei Ling Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neurodynamic responses to the femoral Slump Test in patients with anterior knee pain syndrome
Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Pei Ling Lin, Yi Fen Shih, Wen Yin ChenAbstract:Study Design Matched-control, cross-sectional study. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the responses to the femoral Slump Test (FST), including the change in hip range of motion and level of discomfort, between subjects with and without anterior knee pain. Background Anterior knee pain syndrome is a common problem among adults. The FST is the neurodynamic Test used to assess the mechanosensitivity of the femoral component of the nervous system. However, as of yet, there is no literature discussing the use of the FST in patients with anterior knee pain. Methods Thirty patients with anterior knee pain and 30 control participants, matched by gender, age, and dominant leg, were recruited. The subjects received the FST, during which the hip extension angle and the location and intensity of pain/discomfort were recorded. Reproduction of symptoms that were alleviated by neck extension was interpreted as a positive Test. Differences in hip extension angle and pain intensity between groups were e...
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specificity of the femoral Slump Test for the assessment of experimentally induced anterior knee pain
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2012Co-Authors: Weng Hang Lai, Yi Fen Shih, Pei Ling Lin, Wen Yin ChenAbstract:Abstract Lai W-H, Shih Y-F, Lin P-L, Chen W-Y, Ma H-L. Specificity of the femoral Slump Test for the assessment of experimentally induced anterior knee pain. Objective To assess the specificity of the femoral Slump Test (FST) when assessing experimentally induced anterior knee pain. Design Cross-sectional, exploratory study. Setting Research laboratory. Participants Asymptomatic subjects (N=12; 6 men; 6 women) for the study. An experimental pain model was used to simulate anterior knee pain by injecting .25mL of hypertonic saline solution (5% NaCl) into the medial infrapatellar fat pad. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure The changes in pain intensity and diameter after applying the structure differential maneuver (neck flexion/extension) during the FST were recorded and analyzed. Results Results revealed that the structure differential maneuver of the FST did not alter the pain intensity or diameter in 9 (neck extension) and 10 (neck flexion) out of 12 subjects, which meant that the FST provided appropriate Testing responses in 75% to 83% cases when the anterior knee pain did not originate in neural tissues. Conclusions The FST had a specificity of more than .75 when detecting nerve mechanosensitivity problems of anterior knee pain.
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normal neurodynamic responses of the femoral Slump Test
Manual Therapy, 2012Co-Authors: Weng Hang Lai, Yi Fen Shih, Pei Ling Lin, Wen Yin ChenAbstract:Femoral Slump Test is a neurodynamic Testing, which could be used to assess the mechanosensitivity of the femoral component of the nervous system. Although Trainor and Pinnington reported the diagnosis accuracy of the femoral Slump Test, the neurodynamic responses of the femoral Slump Test have never been studied. The purposes of this study were to evaluate whether maneuvers that changed the nerve tension altered the responses of the femoral Slump Test and if these responses were influenced by gender and leg dominance; and to identify the correlations between flexibility and measured hip extension angle. Thirty-two asymptomatic subjects (16 males, 16 females) were recruited. The femoral Slump Test was performed in trunk Slump and neutral positions, and cervical extension was used as the structure differential technique. Hip extension angle and visual analog scale (VAS) of thigh pain was measured during the Test. Our results showed the decrease of nerve tension significantly increased hip extension ROM (P 0.05). These findings indicated that femoral Slump Test resulted in normal neurodynamic responses in individuals free of lower extremity problems, and these responses were independent of the influence of muscle flexibility or gender. Future research should emphasize the use of femoral Slump Test in patient groups such as low back and anterior knee pain.
Philippe Coussot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fifty cent rheometer for yield stress measurements from Slump to spreading flow
Journal of Rheology, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolas Roussel, Philippe CoussotAbstract:The Slump Test, originally used to determine the “workability” of fresh concrete, has since been used in many industrial fields (e.g., mining and food industries). It offers a quick and easy way to measure the yield stress of suspensions or pasty materials. The model used for estimating the yield stress from the measured conical Slump was first written by Murata [Mater. Struct. 98, 117–129 (1984)], corrected by Schowalter and Christensen [J. Rheol., 42, 865–870 (1988)] and adapted for a cylindrical geometry by Pashias [J. Rheol. 40, 1179–1189 (1996)]. However, a discrepancy between experimental and predicted Slumps still appears in the case of conical Slumps [Clayton et al., Int. J. Miner. Process. 70, 3–21 (2003)] and for high-yield stress materials. In the present paper, we extend the theoretical analysis of this simple practical Test by including different flow regimes according to the ratio between the radius (R) and the height (H) of the Slumped cone. We propose analytical solutions of the flow for t...
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fifty cent rheometer for yield stress measurements from Slump to spreading flow
Journal of Rheology, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolas Roussel, Philippe CoussotAbstract:The Slump Test, originally used to determine the “workability” of fresh concrete, has since been used in many industrial fields (e.g., mining and food industries). It offers a quick and easy way to measure the yield stress of suspensions or pasty materials. The model used for estimating the yield stress from the measured conical Slump was first written by Murata [Mater. Struct. 98, 117–129 (1984)], corrected by Schowalter and Christensen [J. Rheol., 42, 865–870 (1988)] and adapted for a cylindrical geometry by Pashias [J. Rheol. 40, 1179–1189 (1996)]. However, a discrepancy between experimental and predicted Slumps still appears in the case of conical Slumps [Clayton et al., Int. J. Miner. Process. 70, 3–21 (2003)] and for high-yield stress materials. In the present paper, we extend the theoretical analysis of this simple practical Test by including different flow regimes according to the ratio between the radius (R) and the height (H) of the Slumped cone. We propose analytical solutions of the flow for two asymptotic regimes, namely H⪢R and H⪡R. We finally compare the predictions of these solutions in terms of yield stress and previous expressions to three-dimensional numerical simulations and experimental data on a large range of yield stresses. This makes it possible to clarify the field of validity of the different approaches and provide further practical tools for estimating the yield stress of coarse materials.The Slump Test, originally used to determine the “workability” of fresh concrete, has since been used in many industrial fields (e.g., mining and food industries). It offers a quick and easy way to measure the yield stress of suspensions or pasty materials. The model used for estimating the yield stress from the measured conical Slump was first written by Murata [Mater. Struct. 98, 117–129 (1984)], corrected by Schowalter and Christensen [J. Rheol., 42, 865–870 (1988)] and adapted for a cylindrical geometry by Pashias [J. Rheol. 40, 1179–1189 (1996)]. However, a discrepancy between experimental and predicted Slumps still appears in the case of conical Slumps [Clayton et al., Int. J. Miner. Process. 70, 3–21 (2003)] and for high-yield stress materials. In the present paper, we extend the theoretical analysis of this simple practical Test by including different flow regimes according to the ratio between the radius (R) and the height (H) of the Slumped cone. We propose analytical solutions of the flow for t...
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rheological interpretation of the Slump Test
Applied Rheology, 2002Co-Authors: Jeanchristophe Baudez, Frederic Chabot, Philippe CoussotAbstract:We examine the validity of the Slump Test for predicting the yield stress of polymeric suspensions and mineral suspensions. First we propose a modification of this Test: in order to make measurements on fluids with high yield stress (of the order of several hundreds of Pascal) we add a mass at the sample top. From detailed obser- vations of the Slump in time we show that, for polymeric suspensions (hair gel and sewage sludges), two criti- cal stresses can be distinguished which almost exactly correspond to the two critical stresses (respectively cor- responding to a regime change and to the asymptotic Slump) observed in rheometry during creep Tests. Thus the Slump Test appears as a practiceful and relevant means to determine the intrinsic properties of these fluids. For mineral suspensions it is shown that the flow abruptly stops after a short time, a behaviour in agreement with the results of rheometrical Tests carried out by progressively decreasing the applied stress. In that case the Slump also appears to significantly depend on the procedure and cannot be related to a single property of the material.
R Frobell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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accuracy of clinical Tests in detecting disk herniation and nerve root compression in subjects with lumbar radicular symptoms
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2017Co-Authors: Harald Ekedahl, Marten Annertz, Bo Jönsson, R FrobellAbstract:Abstract Objectives To investigate the accuracy of 3 commonly used neurodynamic Tests (Slump Test, straight-leg raise [SLR] Test, femoral neurodynamic Test) and 2 clinical assessments to determine radiculopathy (radiculopathy I, 1 neurologic sign; radiculopathy II, 2 neurologic signs corresponding to 1 specific nerve root) in detecting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (extrusion, subarticular nerve root compression, and foraminal nerve root compression). Design Validity study. Setting Secondary care. Participants We included subjects (N=99; mean age, 58y; 54% women) referred for epidural steroid injection because of lumbar radicular symptoms who had positive clinical and MRI findings. Positive clinical findings included the Slump Test (n=67), SLR Test (n=50), femoral neurodynamic Test (n=7), radiculopathy I (n=70), and radiculopathy II (n=33). Positive MRI findings included extrusion (n=27), subarticular nerve compression (n=14), and foraminal nerve compression (n=25). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Accuracy of clinical Tests in detecting MRI findings was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristics analysis with area under the curve (AUC). Results The Slump Test had the highest sensitivity in detecting extrusion (.78) and subarticular nerve compression (1.00), but the respective specificity was low (.36 and .38). Radiculopathy I was most sensitive in detecting foraminal nerve compression (.80) but with low specificity (.34). Only 1 assessment had a concurrent high sensitivity and specificity (ie, radiculopathy II) in detecting subarticular nerve compression (.71 and .73, respectively). The AUC for all Tests in detecting extrusion, subarticular nerve compression, and foraminal nerve compression showed ranges of .48 to .60, .63 to .82, and .33 to .57, respectively. Conclusions In general, the investigated neurodynamic Tests or assessments for radiculopathy lacked diagnostic accuracy. The Slump Test was the most sensitive Test, while radiculopathy II was the most specific Test. Most interestingly, no relationship was found between any neurodynamic Test and foraminal nerve compression (foraminal stenosis) as visualized on MRI.
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fingertip to floor Test and straight leg raising Test validity responsiveness and predictive value in patients with acute subacute low back pain
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2012Co-Authors: Harald Ekedahl, Bo Jönsson, R FrobellAbstract:Abstract Ekedahl H, Jonsson B, Frobell RB. Fingertip-to-floor Test and straight leg raising Test: validity, responsiveness, and predictive value in patients with acute/subacute low back pain. Objectives To investigate the validity over time of the fingertip-to-floor Test (FTF) and the straight leg raising Test (SLR) using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and correlation coefficient ( r ), and to assess the predictive value of factors related to the change in RMDQ over 12 months using multivariate regression analysis. Design Longitudinal study. Setting Outpatient physical therapy clinic. Participants Subjects (N=65) with acute/subacute low back pain (≤13wk of symptoms). Thirty-eight (58%) had radicular pain as determined by the Slump Test. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Self-reported disability was used as a reference variable and was measured using the RMDQ at baseline and after 1 and 12 months. The FTF and SLR were measured at baseline and after 1 month. Responsiveness and imprecision were assessed by using effect size (ES) and minimal detectable change (MDC). The sample was stratified by the presence or absence of radicular pain (categorized by the Slump Test). Results The change in FTF results was significantly correlated to the 1-month change in RMDQ, both in the entire sample ( r =.63) and in the group with radicular pain ( r =.66). Similar analysis for the SLR showed a weak relationship to RMDQ. FTF showed adequate responsiveness (ES range, 0.8–0.9) in contrast to SLR (ES range, 0.2–0.5). The MDC for FTF and SLR were 4.5cm and 5.7°, respectively. The change in FTF results over 1 month was independently more strongly associated with the 12-month ( R 2 =.27–.31) change in RMDQ than any of the other variables and multivariate combinations. Conclusions Our results suggest that the FTF has good validity in patients with acute/subacute low back pain and even better validity in those with radicular pain. The change in FTF results over the first month was a valid predictor of the change in self-reported disability over 1 year. In contrast, the validity of SLR can be questioned in the present group of patients.