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Luca Guardabassi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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frequency antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal distribution of methicillin resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius in canine clinical samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in italy a 3 year retrospective investigation
Veterinary Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Gianpiero Ventrella, Arshnee Moodley, Erika Grandolfo, Antonio Parisi, Marialaura Corrente, Domenico Buonavoglia, Luca GuardabassiAbstract:In the last decade there has been a rapid global spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) clones displaying multidrug resistance in dogs. We investigated prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal distribution of MRSP isolated from clinical canine samples between during 2011-2014. Following species identification by nuc PCR, MRSP were confirmed by the presence of mecA and characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), SCCmec typing, and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) of a few isolates having distinct PFGE profiles. Both the MRSP isolation frequency in the 175 samples tested (12%) and the prevalence of methicillin resistance amongst the 63S. pseudintermedius isolates (33%) were high compared to a previous study in Italy. Sequence type (ST)71 carrying SCCmec type II-III, described as the epidemic European MRSP clone, accounted for approximately half of the isolates. The remaining isolates belonged to ST410-SCCmec type II-III, ST258-SCCmec type IV and other three clones associated with SCCmec type IV (ST261, ST290 and ST477). MRSP were consistently resistant to potentiated sulfonamides, and more frequently to clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and doxycycline than methicillin-susceptible isolates. Gentamicin was the only antibiotic showing good in vitro activity on all MRSP with 20 of the 21 isolates being susceptible. Results confirm a high prevalence of MRSP amongst clinical samples in Italy, revealing the emergence of new clones other than ST71, such as ST258, ST410, ST261, ST290 and ST477, here describe for the first time. Implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programmes are required to prevent the emergence of new MRSP clones and reducing transmission in Small Animal Practice.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive staphylococcus intermedius in europe 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, David G LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. intermedius submissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The Animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic β-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in Small Animal Practice need to be considered.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive staphylococcus intermedius in europe 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, D H LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. intermedius submissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The Animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic beta-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in Small Animal Practice need to be considered.
Svenja Springer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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managing conflicting ethical concerns in modern Small Animal Practice a comparative study of veterinarian s decision ethics in austria denmark and the uk
PLOS ONE, 2021Co-Authors: Svenja Springer, Herwig Grimm, Peter Sandoe, S A Corr, Annemarie T Kristensen, Thomas LundAbstract:Small Animal veterinarians frequently have to manage conflicting interests. Beside the key consideration of the patient’s interests, Small Animal veterinarians are often challenged to consider not only client’s emotional needs, but also their own personal aspirations to provide quality patient care and to make a good living as a professional. Further, veterinarians have an interest in continuous professional development and the use of the newest treatments, which may influence their decision-making process. Based on published work, we hypothesize the existence of four decision ethics orientations that veterinarians can use to manage potentially conflicting concerns. These are: the patient-focused, the client-empathetic, the client-devolved and the development-oriented decision ethics orientations. We surveyed Small Animal veterinarians in Austria, Denmark, and the UK using a questionnaire (N = 648), and successfully identified the four decision ethics orientations in all three countries. The patient-focused and client-empathetic decision ethics orientations are salient in all countries, whereas Danish and UK veterinarians are slightly more client-empathetic and client-devolved compared to their Austrian colleagues. Across countries our findings show that experienced and older veterinarians tend to be more client-empathetic. Younger and less experienced professionals are more development-oriented compared to their older and more experienced colleagues. In contrast to other studies investigating ethical issues in Small Animal Practice, we found no evidence that gender plays a decisive role in the tendency towards any decision ethics orientation. We also show that veterinarians with a higher client-empathetic orientation and development-orientation more often discuss the possibility of health insurance with clients who do not have it. The present study provides a first empirical insight into how veterinarians manage challenging expectations and ethical concerns as part of decision making in modern Small Animal Practice.
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euthanasia in Small Animal Practice an austrian survey
Springer S; Hartnack Sonja; Grimm H (2016). Euthanasia in small animal practice – an Austrian survey. In: Olsson I Anna S; Araújo Sofia M; Vieira M Fá, 2016Co-Authors: Svenja Springer, Sonja Hartnack, Herwig GrimmAbstract:Euthanasia plays an important role in Small Animal Practice. When it comes to killing Animals, Animals, their owners, public interests, as well as the legal framework, have to be considered by veterinarians. In cases where the interests of veterinarians and owners diverge, ethical conflicts can occur, and different concerns have to be taken into account. Data about the attitudes of Austrian veterinarians with regards to euthanasia have been gathered by means of a 53-item questionnaire. In total, 514 questionnaires were included in the analysis. Among other things, factors that influence the veterinarian’s satisfaction with euthanasia, reasons given by the owners for wanting to have their healthy Animal euthanized and questions concerning preparation and support regarding euthanasia were addressed. The results of this study emphasize that euthanasia constitutes an important topic for Austrian veterinarians and that acting in the assumed interest of the Animal contributes to the veterinarians’ satisfaction. Further, the ethical principles concerning the protection of the Animal’s life and avoidance of suffering play a central role for decision-making.
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attitudes of austrian veterinarians towards euthanasia in Small Animal Practice impacts of age and gender on views on euthanasia
BMC Veterinary Research, 2016Co-Authors: Sonja Hartnack, Svenja Springer, Marta Pittavino, Herwig GrimmAbstract:Euthanasia of pets has been described by veterinarians as “the best and the worst” of the profession. The most commonly mentioned ethical dilemmas veterinarians face in Small Animal Practice are: limited treatment options due to financial constraints, euthanizing of healthy Animals and owners wishing to continue treatment of terminally ill Animals. The aim of the study was to gain insight into the attitudes of Austrian veterinarians towards euthanasia of Small Animals. This included assessing their agreement with euthanasia in exemplified case scenarios, potentially predicted by demographic variables (e.g. gender, age, working in Small Animal Practice, employment, working in a team, numbers of performed euthanasia). Further describing the veterinarians’ agreement with a number of different normative and descriptive statements, including coping strategies. A questionnaire with nine euthanasia scenarios, 26 normative and descriptive statements, and demographic data were sent to all members of the Austrian Chamber of Veterinary Surgeons (n = 2478). In total, 486 veterinarians answered sufficiently completely to enable analyses. Responses were first explored descriptively before being formally analysed using linear regression and additive Bayesian networks – a multivariate regression methodology – in order to identify joint relationships between the demographic variables, the statements and each of the nine euthanasia scenarios. Mutual dependencies between the demographic variables were found, i.e. female compared to male veterinarians worked mostly in Small Animal Practice, and working mostly in Small Animal Practice was linked to performing more euthanasia per month. Gender and age were found to be associated with views on euthanasia: female veterinarians and veterinarians having worked for less years were more likely to disagree with euthanasia in at least some of the convenience euthanasia scenarios. The number of veterinarians working together was found to be the variable with the highest number of links to other variables, demographic as well as ethical statements. This highlights the role of a team potentially providing support in stressful situations. The results are useful for a better understanding of coping strategies for veterinarians with moral stress due to euthanasia of Small Animals.
Arshnee Moodley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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frequency antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal distribution of methicillin resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius in canine clinical samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in italy a 3 year retrospective investigation
Veterinary Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Gianpiero Ventrella, Arshnee Moodley, Erika Grandolfo, Antonio Parisi, Marialaura Corrente, Domenico Buonavoglia, Luca GuardabassiAbstract:In the last decade there has been a rapid global spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) clones displaying multidrug resistance in dogs. We investigated prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal distribution of MRSP isolated from clinical canine samples between during 2011-2014. Following species identification by nuc PCR, MRSP were confirmed by the presence of mecA and characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), SCCmec typing, and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) of a few isolates having distinct PFGE profiles. Both the MRSP isolation frequency in the 175 samples tested (12%) and the prevalence of methicillin resistance amongst the 63S. pseudintermedius isolates (33%) were high compared to a previous study in Italy. Sequence type (ST)71 carrying SCCmec type II-III, described as the epidemic European MRSP clone, accounted for approximately half of the isolates. The remaining isolates belonged to ST410-SCCmec type II-III, ST258-SCCmec type IV and other three clones associated with SCCmec type IV (ST261, ST290 and ST477). MRSP were consistently resistant to potentiated sulfonamides, and more frequently to clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and doxycycline than methicillin-susceptible isolates. Gentamicin was the only antibiotic showing good in vitro activity on all MRSP with 20 of the 21 isolates being susceptible. Results confirm a high prevalence of MRSP amongst clinical samples in Italy, revealing the emergence of new clones other than ST71, such as ST258, ST410, ST261, ST290 and ST477, here describe for the first time. Implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programmes are required to prevent the emergence of new MRSP clones and reducing transmission in Small Animal Practice.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive staphylococcus intermedius in europe 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, David G LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. intermedius submissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The Animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic β-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in Small Animal Practice need to be considered.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive staphylococcus intermedius in europe 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, D H LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. intermedius submissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The Animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic beta-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in Small Animal Practice need to be considered.
Thomas Lund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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managing conflicting ethical concerns in modern Small Animal Practice a comparative study of veterinarian s decision ethics in austria denmark and the uk
PLOS ONE, 2021Co-Authors: Svenja Springer, Herwig Grimm, Peter Sandoe, S A Corr, Annemarie T Kristensen, Thomas LundAbstract:Small Animal veterinarians frequently have to manage conflicting interests. Beside the key consideration of the patient’s interests, Small Animal veterinarians are often challenged to consider not only client’s emotional needs, but also their own personal aspirations to provide quality patient care and to make a good living as a professional. Further, veterinarians have an interest in continuous professional development and the use of the newest treatments, which may influence their decision-making process. Based on published work, we hypothesize the existence of four decision ethics orientations that veterinarians can use to manage potentially conflicting concerns. These are: the patient-focused, the client-empathetic, the client-devolved and the development-oriented decision ethics orientations. We surveyed Small Animal veterinarians in Austria, Denmark, and the UK using a questionnaire (N = 648), and successfully identified the four decision ethics orientations in all three countries. The patient-focused and client-empathetic decision ethics orientations are salient in all countries, whereas Danish and UK veterinarians are slightly more client-empathetic and client-devolved compared to their Austrian colleagues. Across countries our findings show that experienced and older veterinarians tend to be more client-empathetic. Younger and less experienced professionals are more development-oriented compared to their older and more experienced colleagues. In contrast to other studies investigating ethical issues in Small Animal Practice, we found no evidence that gender plays a decisive role in the tendency towards any decision ethics orientation. We also show that veterinarians with a higher client-empathetic orientation and development-orientation more often discuss the possibility of health insurance with clients who do not have it. The present study provides a first empirical insight into how veterinarians manage challenging expectations and ethical concerns as part of decision making in modern Small Animal Practice.
Pikka Jokelainen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in veterinarians in finland older age living in the countryside tasting beef during cooking and not doing Small Animal Practice associated with seropositivity
Zoonoses and Public Health, 2018Co-Authors: Annemarika Siponen, Paula M Kinnunen, Joanna Koort, Hannimari Kalliokokko, Olli Vapalahti, Annamaija Virtala, Pikka JokelainenAbstract:Practising veterinary medicine has an inherent risk of exposure to zoonotic agents, including the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. We screened sera of veterinarians authorized to work in Finland for the presence of specific immunoglobulin G antibodies against T. gondii with an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay, and evaluated potential risk factors for T. gondii seropositivity from extensive questionnaire data with almost 1,300 quantitative variables. We used a causal diagram approach to address the complexity of the life cycle of the parasite and its numerous possible transmission routes, and built a multivariable binomial logistic regression model to identify risk factors that are particularly relevant for veterinarians. The samples and questionnaire data were collected in 2009. Altogether, 294 veterinarians, almost 15% of the Finnish veterinary profession, were included in the study. The median age was 39 years, and the majority, 86%, were women. Altogether, 43 (14.6%; 95% confidence interval: 10.9-19.0) of the 294 veterinarians tested seropositive for T. gondii. According to the final model, veterinarians who were at least 40 years old had 2.4 times higher odds to be seropositive than younger veterinarians; veterinarians who lived in the countryside had 4.0 times higher odds to be seropositive than veterinarians who lived in towns; female veterinarians who tasted beef during cooking had 2.6 times higher odds to be seropositive than male veterinarians who did not taste beef during cooking; and veterinarians who did not do Small Animal Practice had 2.3 times higher odds to be seropositive than those who did. The results illustrate the numerous transmission routes of T. gondii.
