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Luca Guardabassi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recommendations for approaches to meticillin resistant staphylococcal infections of small animals diagnosis therapeutic considerations and preventative measures clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel O Morris, Luca Guardabassi, Anette Loeffler, Meghan F Davis, Scott J WeeseAbstract:Background Multiple drug resistance (MDR) in staphylococci, including resistance to the semi-synthetic penicillinase-resistant penicillins such as meticillin, is a problem of global proportions that presents serious challenges to the successful treatment of staphylococcal infections of companion animals. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide harmonized recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of meticillin-resistant staphylococcal infections in dogs and cats. Methods The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to September 2016. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) provided guidance and oversight for this process. A draft of the document was presented at the 8th World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology (May 2016) and was then made available via the World Wide Web to the member organizations of the WAVD for a period of three months. Comments were solicited and posted to the GP electronically. Responses were incorporated by the GP into the final document. Conclusions Adherence to guidelines for the diagnosis, laboratory reporting, judicious therapy (including restriction of use policies for certain antimicrobial drugs), personal hygiene, and environmental cleaning and disinfection may help to mitigate the progressive development and dissemination of MDR staphylococci.
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diagnostic microbiology in Veterinary Dermatology present and future
Veterinary Dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Luca Guardabassi, Peter Damborg, Ivonne Stamm, Peter A. Kopp, Els M. Broens, Pierre-louis ToutainAbstract:© 2017 The Authors. Veterinary Dermatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the ESVD and ACVD.
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Advances in Veterinary Dermatology - Diagnostic microbiology in Veterinary Dermatology: present and future
Veterinary dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Luca Guardabassi, Peter Damborg, Ivonne Stamm, Peter A. Kopp, Els M. Broens, Pierre-louis ToutainAbstract:© 2017 The Authors. Veterinary Dermatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the ESVD and ACVD.
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Diagnostic microbiology in Veterinary Dermatology: present and future
Veterinary Dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Luca Guardabassi, Peter Damborg, Ivonne Stamm, Peter A. Kopp, Els M. Broens, Pierre-louis ToutainAbstract:Background - The microbiology laboratory can be perceived as a service provider rather than an integral part of the healthcare team. Objectives - The aim of this review is to discuss the current challenges of providing a state-of-the-art diagnostic Veterinary microbiology service including the identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of key pathogens in Veterinary Dermatology. Methods - The Study Group for Veterinary Microbiology (ESGVM) of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) identified scientific, technological, educational and regulatory issues impacting the predictive value of AST and the quality of the service offered by microbiology laboratories. Results - The advent of mass spectrometry has significantly reduced the time required for ID of key pathogens such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. However, the turnaround time for validated AST methods has remained unchanged for many years. Beyond scientific and technological constraints, AST methods are not harmonized and clinical breakpoints for some antimicrobial drugs are either missing or inadequate. Small laboratories, including in-clinic laboratories, are usually not adequately equipped to run up-to-date clinical microbiologic diagnostic tests. Conclusions and clinical importance - ESGVM recommends the use of laboratories employing mass spectrometry for ID and broth micro-dilution for AST, and offering assistance by expert microbiologists on pre- and post-analytical issues. Setting general standards for Veterinary clinical microbiology, promoting antimicrobial stewardship, and the development of new, validated and rapid diagnostic methods, especially for AST, are among the missions of ESGVM.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive staphylococcus intermedius in europe 12 cases from a Veterinary Dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, David G LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. intermedius submissions from one Veterinary Dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to Veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic β-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among Veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in small animal practice need to be considered.
Ralf S. Mueller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diagnosis and treatment of demodicosis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: Ralf S. Mueller, Wayne S Rosenkrantz, Emmanuel Bensignor, Joanna Karaśtecza, Tara Paterson, Michael A ShipstoneAbstract:Background Demodicosis is a common disease in small animal Veterinary practice worldwide with a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic options. Objectives To provide consensus recommendations on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of demodicosis in dogs and cats. Methods and materials The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available before December 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. A draft of the document was presented at the North American Veterinary Dermatology Forum in Maui, HI, USA (May 2018) and at the European Veterinary Dermatology Congress in Dubrovnik, Croatia (September 2018) and was made available via the World Wide Web to the member organizations of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology for a period of three months. Comments were solicited and responses were incorporated into the final document. Conclusions In young dogs with generalized demodicosis, genetic and immunological factors seem to play a role in the pathogenesis and affected dogs should not be bred. In old dogs and cats, underlying immunosuppressive conditions contributing to demodicosis should be explored. Deep skin scrapings are the diagnostic gold standard for demodicosis, but trichograms and tape squeeze preparations may also be useful under certain circumstances. Amitraz, macrocyclic lactones and more recently isoxazolines have all demonstrated good efficacy in the treatment of canine demodicosis. Therapeutic selection should be guided by local drug legislation, drug availability and individual case parameters. Evidence for successful treatment of feline demodicosis is strongest for lime sulfur dips and amitraz baths.
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Diagnosis and treatment of demodicosis in dogs and cats
Veterinary dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: Ralf S. Mueller, Wayne S Rosenkrantz, Emmanuel Bensignor, Tara Paterson, Joanna Karaś‐tęcza, Michael A ShipstoneAbstract:Demodicosis is a common disease in small animal Veterinary practice worldwide with a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic options. To provide consensus recommendations on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of demodicosis in dogs and cats. The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available before December 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. A draft of the document was presented at the North American Veterinary Dermatology Forum in Maui, HI, USA (May 2018) and at the European Veterinary Dermatology Congress in Dubrovnik, Croatia (September 2018) and was made available via the World Wide Web to the member organizations of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology for a period of three months. Comments were solicited and responses were incorporated into the final document. In young dogs with generalized demodicosis, genetic and immunological factors seem to play a role in the pathogenesis and affected dogs should not be bred. In old dogs and cats, underlying immunosuppressive conditions contributing to demodicosis should be explored. Deep skin scrapings are the diagnostic gold standard for demodicosis, but trichograms and tape squeeze preparations may also be useful under certain circumstances. Amitraz, macrocyclic lactones and more recently isoxazolines have all demonstrated good efficacy in the treatment of canine demodicosis. Therapeutic selection should be guided by local drug legislation, drug availability and individual case parameters. Evidence for successful treatment of feline demodicosis is strongest for lime sulfur dips and amitraz baths. © 2019 ESVD and ACVD, Veterinary Dermatology.
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Dermatophytosis in dogs and cats - an update.
Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe K Kleintiere Heimtiere, 2019Co-Authors: Teresa M. S. A. Boehm, Ralf S. MuellerAbstract:Dermatophytosis is a cutaneous infection, caused by several types of keratophilic fungi (dermatophytes). It represents a serious and common contagious skin disease in dogs and cats. The significance of this disease for pet owners is based on the zoonotic potential. The prevalence varies with climate and local dermatophyte infestation. The most common infection in dogs and cats are caused by the genera Microsporum (M.), Nannizzia (N.) or Trichophyton (T.). The aim of this article is to summarise novel taxonomy, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations as well as the recently revised recommendations of the World Association of Veterinary Dermatology.
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IN-HOUSE TESTING IN Veterinary Dermatology
2015Co-Authors: Ralf S. MuellerAbstract:A multitude of tests are used in Veterinary Dermatology, these include both 'in-practice ' tests and those performed by a Veterinary pathology laboratory. There are basic tests in which every practice interested in Dermatology should become proficient and which can be performed and evaluated quickly in house, these are covered in this lecture
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evidence based Veterinary Dermatology a systematic review of the pharmacotherapy of canine atopic dermatitis
Veterinary Dermatology, 2003Co-Authors: Thierry Olivry, Ralf S. MuellerAbstract:Abstract The efficacy of pharmacological interventions used to treat canine atopic dermatitis, excluding fatty acid supplementation and allergen-specific immunotherapy, was evaluated based on the systematic review of prospective clinical trials published between 1980 and 2002. Studies were compared with regard to design characteristics (randomization generation and concealment, masking, intention-to-treat analyses and quality of enrolment of study subjects), benefit (improvement in skin lesions or pruritus scores) and harm (type, severity and frequency of adverse drug events) of the various interventions. Meta-analysis of pooled results was not possible because of heterogeneity of the drugs evaluated. Forty trials enrolling 1607 dogs were identified. There is good evidence for recommending the use of oral glucocorticoids and cyclosporin for the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis, and fair evidence for using topical triamcinolone spray, topical tacrolimus lotion, oral pentoxifylline or oral misoprostol. Insufficient evidence is available for or against recommending the prescription of oral first- and second-generation type-1 histamine receptor antagonists, tricyclic antidepressants, cyproheptadine, aspirin, Chinese herbal therapy, an homeopathic complex remedy, ascorbic acid, AHR-13268, papaverine, immune-modulating antibiotics or tranilast and topical pramoxine or capsaicin. Finally, there is fair evidence against recommending the use of oral arofylline, leukotriene synthesis inhibitors and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists.
Robert J Harman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stem cell therapy in Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert J HarmanAbstract:Background – Adult stem cells come from many sources and have the capacity to differentiate into many cell types, including those of the skin. The most commonly studied stem cells are those termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are easily isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to produce a wide array of cytokines that modulate the regeneration process. The ease of collection, propagation and use of these MSCs in therapy of traumatic, ischaemic and immune-mediated skin conditions is emerging. Approach and evidence – In traumatic and ischaemic skin damage, MSCs are used in tissue-engineered skin and by direct injection into damaged tissue. For immune-mediated diseases, systemic administration of stem cells can modulate the immune system. The earliest clinical work has been with autologous stem cell sources, such as adipose tissue and bone marrow. In immune-mediated diseases, the MSCs are used to downregulate production of inflammatory cytokines and to block T-cell activation. Cells are generally given intravenously. Multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus have been successfully treated in human clinical trials. Mesenchymal stem cells can also stimulate resident local cells, such as keratinocytes and progenitor cells, to proliferate, migrate and repair skin injury and disease. Looking ahead – The discovery of the MSC in adipose tissue has spawned a global effort to utilize these cells in therapy of a wide range of diseases of the skin. Reconstructive surgery, scar blocking and resolution and skin regeneration have all been shown to be possible in human and animal studies. Resume Contexte – Les cellules souches adultes viennent de plusieurs sources et ont la capacite de se differencier en plusieurs types cellulaires y compris ceux de la peau. Les cellules souches les plus frequemment etudiees sont celles appelees cellules souches mesenchymateuses (MSCs), qui sont facilement isolees de la moelle osseuse et du tissu adipeux. Les cellules souches mesenchymateuses sont connues pour produire un large eventail de cytokines qui regulent le processus de regeneration. La facilite de prelevement, de propagation et d’utilisation de ces MSCs dans le traitement des dermatoses traumatiques, ischemiques et a mediation immune est emergente. Approche et preuve – Dans les dermatoses traumatiques et ischemiques, les MSCs sont utilisees en ingenierie tissulaire cutanee et par injection directe dans les tissus leses. Pour les maladies a mediation immune, l’administration systemique de cellules souches peut reguler le systeme immunitaire. Un travail clinique precedent a ete realise avec des sources de cellules souches autologues, comme le tissu adipeux ou la moelle osseuse. Dans les maladies a mediation immune, les MSCs sont utilisees pour diminuer la production de cytokines inflammatoires et pour bloquer l’activation des cellules T. Les cellules sont generalement administrees en intraveineuse. Les scleroses multiples, l’arthrite rhumatoide et le lupus ont ete traites avec succes dans des etudes cliniques humaines. Les cellules souches mesenchymateuses peuvent aussi stimuler les cellules locales residentes telles que les keratinocytes et les cellules progenitrices, pour proliferer, migrer et reparer les dommages et les maladies de la peau. Perspective d’avenir – La decouverte des MSC dans le tissu adipeux a donne naissance a un effort mondial pour utiliser ces cellules dans le traitement d’un large eventail de dermatoses. La chirurgie reconstructrice, la cicatrisation et la regeneration cutanee se sont toutes averees possibles dans les etudes humaines et animales. Resumen Introduccion – Celulas madre adultas provienen de muchas fuentes y tienen la capacidad de diferenciarse en muchos tipos celulares, incluyendo los de la piel. Las celulas madre mas comunmente estudiadas son las denominadas celulas madre mesenquimales (MSCs), que se aislan facilmente a partir de medula osea y tejido adiposo. Las celulas madre mesenchimales pueden producir una variedad de citoquinas que modulan el proceso de regeneracion. La facilidad para su aislamiento, propagacion y uso de estas MSCs en el tratamiento de procesos traumaticos, isquemicos e inmunomediados de la piel esta emergiendo. Aproximacion y evidencia – en el dano traumatico e isquemico de la piel, MSCs se utilizan en piel creada por ingenieria de tejidos y mediante la inyeccion directa en el tejido danado. En el caso de la enfermedades inmunomediadas, la administracion sistemica de celulas madre puede modular el sistema inmune. El trabajo clinico inicial ha sido con celulas madres autologas de tejidos tales como tejido adiposo y medula osea. En enfermedades inmunomediadas las MSCs se utilizan para disminuir la produccion de citoquinas inflamatorias y bloquear la activacion de linfocitos T. Las celulas son generalmente administradas por via intravenosa. En ensayos en seres humanos se han tratado con exito la esclerosis multiple, la artritis reumatoide y el lupus. Las celulas madre mesenquimales tambien pueden estimular las celulas locales residentes, tales como los queratinocitos y celulas progenitoras, a proliferar, migrar y reparar los danos en la piel y las enfermedades. Mirando hacia delante – El descubrimiento de las MSCs en el tejido adiposo ha creado un esfuerzo global para utilizar estas celulas en el tratamiento de un amplio rango de enfermedades de la piel. Cirugia reconstructiva, bloqueo y resolucion de la cicatrizacion y regeneracion de la piel han sido ya posibles en estudios en personas y animales. Zusammenfassung Hintergrund – Adulte Stammzellen kommen aus vielen Quellen und haben die Kapazitat, sich in viele verschiedene Zelltypen – sowie auch in Zellen der Haut - zu differenzieren. Die am weitesten untersuchten Stammzellen sind die so genannten mesenchymalen Stammzellen (MSCs), die aus Knochenmark und Fettgewebe leicht isoliert werden konnen. Mesenchymale Stammzellen sind dafur bekannt, dass sie eine Vielzahl an Zytokinen produzieren, die den Regenerationsprozess modulieren. Die Leichtigkeit der Gewinnung, der Vermehrung und der Verwendung dieser MSCs bei der Behandlung von traumatischen, ischamischen und immun-mediierten Hautproblemen wird mehr und mehr bekannt. Herangehensweise und Evidenz – Bei traumatischer und ischamischer Verletzung der Haut werden MSCs in gewebetechnisch hergestellter Haut verwendet und direkt in zerstortes Gewebe injiziert. Bei immun-mediierten Erkrankungen kann die systemische Administration von Stammzellen das Immunsystem modulieren. Die fruheste klinische Arbeit wurde mit autologen Stammzellquellen, so wie Fettgewebe und Knochenmark, durchgefuhrt. Bei immun-mediierten Erkrankungen werden die MSCs verwendet, um die Produktion der entzundlichen Zytokine zu erniedrigen und um die T-Zell Aktivierung zu blockieren. Die Zellen werden normalerweise intravenos verabreicht. Multiple Sklerose, rheumatoide Arthritis und Lupus sind in klinischen Versuchsreihen beim Menschen erfolgreich behandelt worden. Mesenchymale Stammzellen konnen auch lokale Zellen, wie Keratinozyten und Progenitorzellen stimulieren, um in der Folge zu proliferieren, zu wandern und Hautverletzung und Krankheit zu reparieren. Blick in die Zukunft – Die Entdeckung der MSC in Fettgewebe hat ein globales Bestreben ausgelost, diese Zellen bei der Therapie einer ganzen Reihe von Hauterkrankungen zu verwenden. Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Verhinderung von Narbenbildung und die Wiederherstellung und die Regeneration der Haut haben sich sowohl in Studien beim Menschen als auch bei Tieren als moglich herausgestellt.
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Stem cell therapy in Veterinary Dermatology.
Veterinary dermatology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert J HarmanAbstract:Adult stem cells come from many sources and have the capacity to differentiate into many cell types, including those of the skin. The most commonly studied stem cells are those termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are easily isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to produce a wide array of cytokines that modulate the regeneration process. The ease of collection, propagation and use of these MSCs in therapy of traumatic, ischaemic and immune-mediated skin conditions is emerging. In traumatic and ischaemic skin damage, MSCs are used in tissue-engineered skin and by direct injection into damaged tissue. For immune-mediated diseases, systemic administration of stem cells can modulate the immune system. The earliest clinical work has been with autologous stem cell sources, such as adipose tissue and bone marrow. In immune-mediated diseases, the MSCs are used to downregulate production of inflammatory cytokines and to block T-cell activation. Cells are generally given intravenously. Multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus have been successfully treated in human clinical trials. Mesenchymal stem cells can also stimulate resident local cells, such as keratinocytes and progenitor cells, to proliferate, migrate and repair skin injury and disease. The discovery of the MSC in adipose tissue has spawned a global effort to utilize these cells in therapy of a wide range of diseases of the skin. Reconstructive surgery, scar blocking and resolution and skin regeneration have all been shown to be possible in human and animal studies. © 2013 The Author. Veterinary Dermatology © 2013 ESVD and ACVD.
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Advances in Veterinary Dermatology - Stem cell therapy in Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert J HarmanAbstract:Background – Adult stem cells come from many sources and have the capacity to differentiate into many cell types, including those of the skin. The most commonly studied stem cells are those termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are easily isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to produce a wide array of cytokines that modulate the regeneration process. The ease of collection, propagation and use of these MSCs in therapy of traumatic, ischaemic and immune-mediated skin conditions is emerging. Approach and evidence – In traumatic and ischaemic skin damage, MSCs are used in tissue-engineered skin and by direct injection into damaged tissue. For immune-mediated diseases, systemic administration of stem cells can modulate the immune system. The earliest clinical work has been with autologous stem cell sources, such as adipose tissue and bone marrow. In immune-mediated diseases, the MSCs are used to downregulate production of inflammatory cytokines and to block T-cell activation. Cells are generally given intravenously. Multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus have been successfully treated in human clinical trials. Mesenchymal stem cells can also stimulate resident local cells, such as keratinocytes and progenitor cells, to proliferate, migrate and repair skin injury and disease. Looking ahead – The discovery of the MSC in adipose tissue has spawned a global effort to utilize these cells in therapy of a wide range of diseases of the skin. Reconstructive surgery, scar blocking and resolution and skin regeneration have all been shown to be possible in human and animal studies. Resume Contexte – Les cellules souches adultes viennent de plusieurs sources et ont la capacite de se differencier en plusieurs types cellulaires y compris ceux de la peau. Les cellules souches les plus frequemment etudiees sont celles appelees cellules souches mesenchymateuses (MSCs), qui sont facilement isolees de la moelle osseuse et du tissu adipeux. Les cellules souches mesenchymateuses sont connues pour produire un large eventail de cytokines qui regulent le processus de regeneration. La facilite de prelevement, de propagation et d’utilisation de ces MSCs dans le traitement des dermatoses traumatiques, ischemiques et a mediation immune est emergente. Approche et preuve – Dans les dermatoses traumatiques et ischemiques, les MSCs sont utilisees en ingenierie tissulaire cutanee et par injection directe dans les tissus leses. Pour les maladies a mediation immune, l’administration systemique de cellules souches peut reguler le systeme immunitaire. Un travail clinique precedent a ete realise avec des sources de cellules souches autologues, comme le tissu adipeux ou la moelle osseuse. Dans les maladies a mediation immune, les MSCs sont utilisees pour diminuer la production de cytokines inflammatoires et pour bloquer l’activation des cellules T. Les cellules sont generalement administrees en intraveineuse. Les scleroses multiples, l’arthrite rhumatoide et le lupus ont ete traites avec succes dans des etudes cliniques humaines. Les cellules souches mesenchymateuses peuvent aussi stimuler les cellules locales residentes telles que les keratinocytes et les cellules progenitrices, pour proliferer, migrer et reparer les dommages et les maladies de la peau. Perspective d’avenir – La decouverte des MSC dans le tissu adipeux a donne naissance a un effort mondial pour utiliser ces cellules dans le traitement d’un large eventail de dermatoses. La chirurgie reconstructrice, la cicatrisation et la regeneration cutanee se sont toutes averees possibles dans les etudes humaines et animales. Resumen Introduccion – Celulas madre adultas provienen de muchas fuentes y tienen la capacidad de diferenciarse en muchos tipos celulares, incluyendo los de la piel. Las celulas madre mas comunmente estudiadas son las denominadas celulas madre mesenquimales (MSCs), que se aislan facilmente a partir de medula osea y tejido adiposo. Las celulas madre mesenchimales pueden producir una variedad de citoquinas que modulan el proceso de regeneracion. La facilidad para su aislamiento, propagacion y uso de estas MSCs en el tratamiento de procesos traumaticos, isquemicos e inmunomediados de la piel esta emergiendo. Aproximacion y evidencia – en el dano traumatico e isquemico de la piel, MSCs se utilizan en piel creada por ingenieria de tejidos y mediante la inyeccion directa en el tejido danado. En el caso de la enfermedades inmunomediadas, la administracion sistemica de celulas madre puede modular el sistema inmune. El trabajo clinico inicial ha sido con celulas madres autologas de tejidos tales como tejido adiposo y medula osea. En enfermedades inmunomediadas las MSCs se utilizan para disminuir la produccion de citoquinas inflamatorias y bloquear la activacion de linfocitos T. Las celulas son generalmente administradas por via intravenosa. En ensayos en seres humanos se han tratado con exito la esclerosis multiple, la artritis reumatoide y el lupus. Las celulas madre mesenquimales tambien pueden estimular las celulas locales residentes, tales como los queratinocitos y celulas progenitoras, a proliferar, migrar y reparar los danos en la piel y las enfermedades. Mirando hacia delante – El descubrimiento de las MSCs en el tejido adiposo ha creado un esfuerzo global para utilizar estas celulas en el tratamiento de un amplio rango de enfermedades de la piel. Cirugia reconstructiva, bloqueo y resolucion de la cicatrizacion y regeneracion de la piel han sido ya posibles en estudios en personas y animales. Zusammenfassung Hintergrund – Adulte Stammzellen kommen aus vielen Quellen und haben die Kapazitat, sich in viele verschiedene Zelltypen – sowie auch in Zellen der Haut - zu differenzieren. Die am weitesten untersuchten Stammzellen sind die so genannten mesenchymalen Stammzellen (MSCs), die aus Knochenmark und Fettgewebe leicht isoliert werden konnen. Mesenchymale Stammzellen sind dafur bekannt, dass sie eine Vielzahl an Zytokinen produzieren, die den Regenerationsprozess modulieren. Die Leichtigkeit der Gewinnung, der Vermehrung und der Verwendung dieser MSCs bei der Behandlung von traumatischen, ischamischen und immun-mediierten Hautproblemen wird mehr und mehr bekannt. Herangehensweise und Evidenz – Bei traumatischer und ischamischer Verletzung der Haut werden MSCs in gewebetechnisch hergestellter Haut verwendet und direkt in zerstortes Gewebe injiziert. Bei immun-mediierten Erkrankungen kann die systemische Administration von Stammzellen das Immunsystem modulieren. Die fruheste klinische Arbeit wurde mit autologen Stammzellquellen, so wie Fettgewebe und Knochenmark, durchgefuhrt. Bei immun-mediierten Erkrankungen werden die MSCs verwendet, um die Produktion der entzundlichen Zytokine zu erniedrigen und um die T-Zell Aktivierung zu blockieren. Die Zellen werden normalerweise intravenos verabreicht. Multiple Sklerose, rheumatoide Arthritis und Lupus sind in klinischen Versuchsreihen beim Menschen erfolgreich behandelt worden. Mesenchymale Stammzellen konnen auch lokale Zellen, wie Keratinozyten und Progenitorzellen stimulieren, um in der Folge zu proliferieren, zu wandern und Hautverletzung und Krankheit zu reparieren. Blick in die Zukunft – Die Entdeckung der MSC in Fettgewebe hat ein globales Bestreben ausgelost, diese Zellen bei der Therapie einer ganzen Reihe von Hauterkrankungen zu verwenden. Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Verhinderung von Narbenbildung und die Wiederherstellung und die Regeneration der Haut haben sich sowohl in Studien beim Menschen als auch bei Tieren als moglich herausgestellt.
Helen T. Power - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Retinoids in Veterinary Dermatology
Clinics in dermatology, 1994Co-Authors: Alexander H. Werner, Helen T. PowerAbstract:Abstract The retinoids are a class of pharmacologic compounds. Some occur naturally (vitamin A, β-carotene), and others have been synthesized (13- cis -retinoic acid, etretinate, the arotinoids); all of these compounds have profound effects on epithelial tissues. Naturally occurring vitamin A (retinol) and its metabolites, retinoic acid and retinal, are essential requirements for reproduction, vision, and normal growth, differentiation, and maintenance of epithelial tissues. 1 Medical use of vitamin A began in the 1920s based on the recognition of clinical and histologic similarities between vitamin A-deficient animals and certain dyskeratotic skin conditions. Subsequently, interest in the possible role of vitamin A in cancer prevention developed from the observation of an increased incidence of certain types of cancer in vitamin A-deficient human populations and in experimental conditions with laboratory rats. The therapeutic usefulness of vitamin A was limited by its toxicity at pharmacologic doses. In the late 1960s, researchers actively began to develop synthetic analogs of vitamin A, looking for compounds with increased therapeutic indices, particularly with reference to cancer prevention. 1
Daniel O Morris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:CONTEXTE: Le genre Malassezia est compose qu’un groupe de levures lipophiliques qui ont evoluees en tant que commensaux de la peau et pathogenes cutanes opportunistes chez de nombreux mammiferes et oiseaux. OBJECTIFS: L’objectif de ce document est de fournir a la communaute veterinaire et aux parties interessees toute l’information actuelle sur l’ecologie, la pathophysiologie, le diagnostic, le traitement et la prevention des maladies cutanees associees aux levures Malassezia chez le chien et le chat. MATERIEL ET METHODS: Les auteurs ont forme un groupe d’experts (GP) et ont revu la litterature disponible avant octobre 2018. Les GP ont prepare une revue de la litterature detaillee et des recommandations ont ete faites sur des sujets choisis. Le comite de recommandations de consensus clinique de la WAVD (World Association of Veterinary Dermatology) a fournit des indications et a supervise le processus. Le document a ete presente a deux congres internationaux de societe de dermatologie veterinaire et a un workshop international de mycologie ; il etait disponible pour tout commentaire sur le site de la WAVD pendant six mois. Les commentaires etaient partages avec le GP par voie dematerialisee et les reponses, incorporees au document final. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of Veterinary Dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN UND KLINISCHE BEDEUTUNG: Das Wissen uber Malassezia Hefen und ihrer Rolle bei Krankheiten von Tieren hat sich bemerkenswert erweitert, vor allem seit den fruhen 1990ern. Die Malasseziendermatitis bei Hunden und Katzen hat sich von einer obskuren Erkrankung mit Kontroversen in Bezug auf ihre Existenz zu einer heute routinemasigen Diagnose in der allgemeinen Veterinarpraxis entwickelt. Die klinischen Zeichen sind gut bekannt und diagnostische Herangehensweisen gut entwickelt. Eine Breite von topischen und systemischen Therapien ist als wirksam bekannt, vor allem wenn pradisponierende Faktoren identifiziert und korrigiert werden.
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biology diagnosis and treatment of malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: R Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:Background The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide the Veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats. Methods and material The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of Veterinary Dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. Conclusions and clinical importance There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general Veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
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Biology, diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats
Veterinary dermatology, 2020Co-Authors: Ross Bond, Emmanuel Bensignor, Daniel O Morris, Jacques Guillot, David Robson, Kenneth V Mason, Rui Kano, Peter B HillAbstract:Background The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide the Veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats. Methods and material The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of Veterinary Dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document. Conclusions and clinical importance There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general Veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
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recommendations for approaches to meticillin resistant staphylococcal infections of small animals diagnosis therapeutic considerations and preventative measures clinical consensus guidelines of the world association for Veterinary Dermatology
Veterinary Dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel O Morris, Luca Guardabassi, Anette Loeffler, Meghan F Davis, Scott J WeeseAbstract:Background Multiple drug resistance (MDR) in staphylococci, including resistance to the semi-synthetic penicillinase-resistant penicillins such as meticillin, is a problem of global proportions that presents serious challenges to the successful treatment of staphylococcal infections of companion animals. Objectives The objective of this document is to provide harmonized recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of meticillin-resistant staphylococcal infections in dogs and cats. Methods The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to September 2016. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) provided guidance and oversight for this process. A draft of the document was presented at the 8th World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology (May 2016) and was then made available via the World Wide Web to the member organizations of the WAVD for a period of three months. Comments were solicited and posted to the GP electronically. Responses were incorporated by the GP into the final document. Conclusions Adherence to guidelines for the diagnosis, laboratory reporting, judicious therapy (including restriction of use policies for certain antimicrobial drugs), personal hygiene, and environmental cleaning and disinfection may help to mitigate the progressive development and dissemination of MDR staphylococci.
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the prevalence of carriage of meticillin resistant staphylococci by Veterinary Dermatology practice staff and their respective pets
Veterinary Dermatology, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel O Morris, Raymond C Boston, Kathleen Oshea, Shelley C RankinAbstract:It has been shown that people and pets can harbour identical strains of meticillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci when they share an environment. Veterinary Dermatology practitioners are a professional group with a high incidence of exposure to animals infected by Staphylococcus spp. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of carriage of MR Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MR S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and MR S. schleiferi (MRSS) by Veterinary Dermatology practice staff and their personal pets. A swab technique and selective media were used to screen 171 Veterinary Dermatology practice staff and their respective pets (258 dogs and 160 cats). Samples were shipped by over-night carrier. Human subjects completed a 22-question survey of demographic and epidemiologic data relevant to staphylococcal transmission. The 171 human-source samples yielded six MRSA (3.5%), nine MRSP (5.3%) and four MRSS (2.3%) isolates, while 418 animal-source samples yielded eight MRSA (1.9%) 21 MRSP (5%), and two MRSS (0.5%) isolates. Concordant strains (genetically identical by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) were isolated from human subjects and their respective pets in four of 171 (2.9%) households: MRSA from one person/two pets and MRSP from three people/three pets. In seven additional households (4.1%), concordant strains were isolated from only the pets: MRSA in two households and MRSP in five households. There were no demographic or epidemiologic factors statistically associated with either human or animal carriage of MR staphylococci, or with concordant carriage by person–pet or pet–pet pairs. Lack of statistical associations may reflect an underpowered study. Resume Il a ete montre que homme et animal issus du meme environnement peuvent etre porteurs des memes souches de staphylocoques methicilline-resistant (MR). Les dermatologues veterinaires sont des professionnels fortement exposes aux animaux infectes par Staphylococcus spp. L’objectif de cette etude etait de determiner la prevalence du portage de Staphylococcus aureus MR (MRSA), S. pseudintermedius MR (MRSP) et S. schleiferi MR (MRSS) par le personnel des cliniques de dermatologie veterinaire et leurs propres animaux de compagnie. Un ecouvillon et un milieu de culture selectif ont ete utilises sur 171 membres d’equipes de dermatologie veterinaire et leurs animaux respectifs (258 chiens et 160 chats). Les prelevements ont ete achemines par porteur pendant la nuit. Chaque personne a repondu a 22 questions portant sur des donnees demographiques et epidemiologiques de la transmission staphylococcique. Les 171 echantillons preleves sur les proprietaires ont donne six MRSA (3.5%), neuf MRSP (5.3%) et quatre MRSS (2.3%) alors que les 418 echantillons preleves sur les animaux ont donne huit MRSA (1.9%), 21 MRSP (5%) et deux isolats de MRSS (0.5%). Des souches concordantes (genetiquement identiques par electrophorese pulsee sur gel) ont ete isolees des sujets humains et leurs animaux respectifs dans 4 cas sur 171 (2.9%) : MRSA sur 1 personne/2 animaux et MRSP sur 3 personnes/3 animaux. Dans 7 autres habitats (4.1%), des souches concordantes ont ete isolees a partir des animaux seulement : MRSA dans 2 habitats et MRSP dans 5 autres. Il n’y avait statistiquement pas de facteurs demographique ou epidemiologique en relation avec le portage humain ou animal de staphylocoques MR ou avec le portage concordant par un proprietaire et son animal ou par deux animaux. Le manque d’associations statistiques pourrait etre dua une etude trop restreinte. Resumen Se ha demostrado que los humanos y sus mascotas pueden ser portadores de cepas identicas de estafilococos resistentes a meticilina (MR) cuando comparten el mismo ambiente. Loos veterinarios dermatologos son un grupo profesional con una elevada exposicion a animales infectados con Staphylococcus spp. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de portadores de MR Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MR S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) y MR S. schleiferi (MRSS) entre empleados de clinicas de dermatologia veterinaria y sus mascotas personales. Se utilizo una tecnica de muestreo con hisopo y un medio selectivo para evaluar 171 empleados y sus mascotas (258 perros y 160 gatos). Las muestras fueron enviadas por mensajero para entrega al dia siguiente. Las personas completaron un cuestionario de 22 preguntas con datas epidemiologicos y demograficos de relevancia en la transmision de estafilococos. Las muestras de las 171 personas dieron un total de 6 aislados de MRSA (3,5%), nueve de MRSP (5,3%) y cuatro de MRSS (2,3%), mientras que los 418 animales presentaron un total de 8 aislados de MRSA (1,9%), 21 de MRSP (5%) y dos de MRSS (0,5%). Cepas concordantes (con igualdad genetica mediante electroforesis en gel de campo pulsante) fueron aisladas de las personas y sus mascotas en cuatro de los 171 hogares (2,9%): MRSA de una persona /2 mascotas y MRSP de 3 personas/3 mascotas. En otros siete hogares (4,1%), cepas concordantes solo se aislaron de las mascotas: MRSA en dos hogares y MRSP en cinco hogares. No hubo factores demograficos ni epidemiologicos estadisticamente asociados con portadores humanos o animales de estafilococos MR, o con portadores concordantes entre personas-mascotas o mascotas-pelo de mascotas. La falta de asociacion estadistica puede reflejar un estudio de bajo potencial. Zusammenfassung Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Menschen und Haustiere, die in derselben Umgebung leben, identische Methicillin-resistente (MR) Staphylokokken Stamme beherbergen konnen. Veterinardermatologen gehoren in eine Berufsgruppe, die mit groser Haufigkeit mit Tieren konfrontiert ist, die eine Staphylokokken spp. Infektion haben. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Pravalenz der MR Staphylokokkus aureus (MRSA), MR S. pseudointermedius (MRSP) und MR S. schleiferi (MRSS) TragerInnen unter veterinarmedizinischem Personal und unter ihren personlichen Haustieren zu ermitteln. Eine Tupfermethode und selektive Medien wurden fur ein Screening von 171 MitarbeiterInnen in veterinardermatologischen Praxen und ihrer jeweiligen Haustiere (258 Hunde und 160 Katzen) eingesetzt. Die Proben wurden uber Nacht verschickt. Die menschlichen Probanden fullten einen Fragenkatalog mit 22 Fragen bezuglich demographischer und epidemiologischer Daten aus, die relevant waren fur eine Staphylokokkenubertragung. Die 171 Proben, die von Menschen genommen wurden, erbrachten sechs MRSA (3,5%), neun MRSP (5,3%) und vier MRSS (2,3%) Isolate, wahrend die 418 von Tieren genommenen Proben acht MRSA (1,9%), 21 MRSP (5%) und zwei MRSS (0,5%) Isolate ergaben. Ubereinstimmende Stamme (genetisch identisch mittels Pulsfeldelektrophorese) wurden von Menschen und ihren jeweiligen Haustieren in vier von 171 (2,9%) Haushalten isoliert: MRSA von einer Person/zwei Haustieren und MRSP von 3 Menschen/3 Haustieren. In sieben weiteren Haushalten (4,1%) wurden ubereinstimmende Stamme nur von den Haustieren isoliert: MRSA in zwei Haushalten und MRSP in funf Haushalten. Statistisch konnten demographische oder epidemiologische Faktoren weder mit den menschlichen oder tierischen Tragern von MR Staphylokokken noch mit den Tragern von ubereinstimmenden Stammen zwischen Personen-Haustier oder Haustier-Haustier-Paaren in Verbindung gebracht werden. Ein Mangel an statistischen Zusammenhangen konnte eine „underpowered study” bedeuten.
