The Experts below are selected from a list of 38925 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Mohammad Sistanizad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Aripiprazole for prevention of delirium in the neurosurgical intensive care unit: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Majid Mokhtari, Maryam Farasatinasab, Mina Jafarpour Machian, Seyed Mahmood Ramak Hashemi, Mehdi Nikoobakht, Navid Golchin, Gholamhasan Mohammadi, Mehdi Yaseri, Mohammad Ghorbani, Mohammad Sistanizad
    Abstract:

    Purpose Delirium is reported in over 50% of critically ill ICU patients, and is associated with increased mortality and long-term cognitive consequences. Prevention and early management of delirium are essential components of ICU care. However, pharmacological interventions have not been effective in delirium prevention. This study investigated the effect of aripiprazole in the prevention of delirium in a neurosurgical intensive care unit. Methods In this prospective, randomized placebo-controlled Small Clinical Trial, 53 patients, 18 to 80 years old, were randomized to receive enteric aripiprazole (15 mg) or placebo for up to 7 days. Delirium, detected by the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU, ICU events, laboratory studies, aripiprazole safety, time to delirium onset, delirium-free days, delirium prevalence during follow-up and ICU length of stay were recorded. Results Forty patients with similar baseline characteristics, including age, sex, neurosurgery types and APACHE II scores, completed the study. Delirium incidence and the mean days to its onset were 20% vs. 55% ( p  = 0.022) and 2.17 ± 0.41 vs. 2.09 ± 0.30 ( p  = 0.076) in the aripiprazole and placebo groups, respectively. The mean number of delirium-free days were: 5.6 (95%CI, 4.6-6.5) and 4.3 (95%CI, 3.2-5.4), in aripiprazole and placebo groups, respectively ( p  = 0.111). The prevalence of delirium during the follow-up was significantly lower in the aripiprazole group ( p  = 0.018). Serious aripiprazole adverse reactions were not observed. Conclusions Aripiprazole can reduce the incidence of delirium in the neurosurgical ICU. Studies with larger sample size in diverse ICU settings and longer follow-up are needed to confirm our findings.

Mario D. Cordero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Majid Mokhtari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Aripiprazole for prevention of delirium in the neurosurgical intensive care unit: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Majid Mokhtari, Maryam Farasatinasab, Mina Jafarpour Machian, Seyed Mahmood Ramak Hashemi, Mehdi Nikoobakht, Navid Golchin, Gholamhasan Mohammadi, Mehdi Yaseri, Mohammad Ghorbani, Mohammad Sistanizad
    Abstract:

    Purpose Delirium is reported in over 50% of critically ill ICU patients, and is associated with increased mortality and long-term cognitive consequences. Prevention and early management of delirium are essential components of ICU care. However, pharmacological interventions have not been effective in delirium prevention. This study investigated the effect of aripiprazole in the prevention of delirium in a neurosurgical intensive care unit. Methods In this prospective, randomized placebo-controlled Small Clinical Trial, 53 patients, 18 to 80 years old, were randomized to receive enteric aripiprazole (15 mg) or placebo for up to 7 days. Delirium, detected by the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU, ICU events, laboratory studies, aripiprazole safety, time to delirium onset, delirium-free days, delirium prevalence during follow-up and ICU length of stay were recorded. Results Forty patients with similar baseline characteristics, including age, sex, neurosurgery types and APACHE II scores, completed the study. Delirium incidence and the mean days to its onset were 20% vs. 55% ( p  = 0.022) and 2.17 ± 0.41 vs. 2.09 ± 0.30 ( p  = 0.076) in the aripiprazole and placebo groups, respectively. The mean number of delirium-free days were: 5.6 (95%CI, 4.6-6.5) and 4.3 (95%CI, 3.2-5.4), in aripiprazole and placebo groups, respectively ( p  = 0.111). The prevalence of delirium during the follow-up was significantly lower in the aripiprazole group ( p  = 0.018). Serious aripiprazole adverse reactions were not observed. Conclusions Aripiprazole can reduce the incidence of delirium in the neurosurgical ICU. Studies with larger sample size in diverse ICU settings and longer follow-up are needed to confirm our findings.

Masamitsu Nakazato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Clinical application of ghrelin for chronic respiratory diseases.
    Methods in enzymology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Nobuhiro Matsumoto, Masamitsu Nakazato
    Abstract:

    The discovery of ghrelin has resulted in the development of potential therapeutics for cachexia caused by multiple underlying diseases. When chronic respiratory diseases progress to their advanced stages, cachexia often occurs, thereby worsening the patient's prognosis. A Small Clinical Trial that enrolled cachectic patients with chronic respiratory disease revealed that administration of ghrelin improved their nutritional status and exercise tolerance. Short-term administration of ghrelin was found to be safe and tolerated with adverse events, including suffusion, sleepiness, peristalsis, hunger, and sweating. Further large-scale and long-term Clinical Trials are needed.

T Khatau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 633 what is the effectiveness of dimethylglycine in treating autistic symptoms in children a systematic review
    Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2012
    Co-Authors: Munib Haroon, G Ryan, M Randell, J Wilson, T Khatau
    Abstract:

    Background and Aims Dimethylglycine, an amino-acid derivative, has been proposed as a treatment for Autism. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize the best evidence relating to this topic. Methods The study was conducted by members of CHARGE (Child Health Applied Research Group: East-midlands) using a methodology informed by The PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis). A Clinical question using a standard PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) format was used to inform the search terms and search strategy. The search was executed on Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, two meta-search engines and ISI-Web of Science. In addition, a search of the grey literature was conducted. Retrieved studies were independently appraised by two reviewers for relevance and quality using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias. Data was extracted onto a standardised proforma. Results Only one Small Clinical Trial (n=39) could be included in our final analysis and this showed statistically non-significant effects for parentally reported improved behaviour (58% [drug] vs. 53% [placebo]). There was no difference between the two groups for adverse outcomes. This Trial and two excluded Trials highlighted the critical importance of proper methodology for conducting future Trials in autism. These include the need for appropriate: power, outcomes and follow-up, and due consideration of the Clinical spectrum of autistic patients involved in the Trials. Conclusion There is insufficient evidence to support the use of dimethylglycine for the treatment of children with autism. Further robust research is required on this topic.