The Experts below are selected from a list of 324 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Baojun Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fluid Dynamics Studies of Bottom Blown Copper Smelting Furnace
    2020
    Co-Authors: Lang Shui, Xiaodong Ma, Baojun Zhao
    Abstract:

    A commercial scale bottom-blown copper Smelting Furnace started operation in 2008 by Fangyuan Nonferrous Metals Co. Ltd. A number of advantages of this new technology have been reported from industrial practice such as high Smelting efficiency, low copper content in slag and lower temperature operation. Fluid dynamics of the melt bath play important roles in achieving these advantages and there is no information available on bottom-blown copper Smelting Furnace. Lab scale cold model experiments were carried out in this study to understand the features of the bottom-blown copper Smelting Furnace. Water was used to simulate matte and silicon oil was used to simulate slag. It was found that: 1) mixing time decreases with increasing matte depth and gas flowrate but increases with increasing slag depth and viscosity; 2) different types of transversal standing waves are able to take place on bath surface under certain combination of bath depths and gas flowrates, and these waves are believed to be relevant to splash, mass transfer and refractory erosion in Smelting process; 3) in the absence of transversal standing waves, longitudinal wave is present on bath surface, which might be beneficial for slag tapping and settling of matte droplets in slag. The applications of these results on industrial practice are discussed in this paper to understand and improve this new technology.

  • Investigation of the accretions in bottom blown copper Smelting Furnace
    2020
    Co-Authors: Mao Chen, Baojun Zhao
    Abstract:

    Bottom blown copper Smelting Furnace (BBF) in Dongying Fangyuan Nonferrous Metals Co. Ltd has been operated for more than 6 years. This new technology has shown a number of advantages comparing to other copper Smelting technologies. Long service life of the refractories is one of the advantages resulted from low-temperature operation. Analyses of the BBF slags have shown that BBF was continuously operated at temperatures below the slag liquidus and spinel is always present in the slag. As the first commercial BBF limited information is available for the deposits present in the BBF. Presence of the accretions can generally protect the refractories. However, extensive accretions could significantly reduce the effective volume of the Smelting Furnace and also fluid dynamic conditions of the bath. It is important to maintain proper accretions to the optimum level. A large number of accretion samples inside the BBF were taken from different locations during the annual maintenance. The samples were sectioned, mounted and analysed using Electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). The phases present and their compositions have been identified and summarised in the present study. Formation mechanisms of the accretions are discussed in the present investigations. The present study will help the operators to properly control the accretions in bottom blown copper Smelting Furnace.

  • Chemical Degradation Mechanisms of Magnesia–Chromite Refractories in the Copper Smelting Furnace
    JOM, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mao Chen, Yang Jiang, Baojun Zhao
    Abstract:

    Magnesia–chromite refractory has been extensively used in the copper-making industry. It is necessary to understand the degradation mechanisms of the current refractory to develop new refractories. In the present study, post mortem refractories from a Smelting Furnace were analyzed and compared with the results of static corrosion tests on magnesia–chromite refractories in the laboratory at high temperatures. The microstructure and phase composition were carefully investigated by electron probe x-ray microanalysis to understand the degradation mechanisms of the magnesia–chromite refractory in copper Smelting conditions. The degradation mechanisms between the magnesia–chromite refractory and the copper Smelting slag and CuO transformed from matte are discussed based on the analysis of the post mortem refractory samples and laboratory tests. These results will enable optimization of the industrial process and development of new refractories for copper Smelting Furnaces.

  • An Investigation of the Behavior of the Surficial Longitudinal Wave in a Bottom-Blown Copper Smelting Furnace
    JOM, 2018
    Co-Authors: Lang Shui, Xiaodong Ma, Baojun Zhao
    Abstract:

    In a bottom-blown copper Smelting Furnace, the longitudinal wave formed on the bath surface plays an important role in slag tapping and settling of matte droplets entrapped in the slag layer. This study employs a laboratory-scale cold model of a bottom-blown copper Smelting Furnace to investigate the features of the longitudinal wave on the molten bath surface during Smelting. Experimental variables, including the gas flow rate, water level, oil level, and oil viscosity, are adjusted in different combinations to simulate corresponding industrial conditions. The features of the longitudinal wave, including the amplitude and frequency, are recorded at several critical points, and the trends of these features along the length of the Furnace are summarized to understand the transmission behavior of the longitudinal wave.

  • Degradation Mechanisms of Refractories in a Bottom Blown Copper Smelting Furnace
    The Minerals Metals & Materials Series, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mao Chen, Baojun Zhao
    Abstract:

    The first bottom blown copper Smelting Furnace (BBF) has been successfully operated for 10 years at Dongying Fangyuan Nonferrous Metals. In addition to many advantages of the BBF reported previously, stable operation with spinel-containing slags enabled the BBF refractories to achieve three-year campaign life. Understanding of the degradation mechanisms of the magnesia-chromite refractory will be able to further prolong the service life of the refractories and develop new refractories. In the present study, the post-mortem refractories were collected from different locations of the BBF during the annual maintenance. It is the first systematic study for the used refractories of a BBF. The phases present in the refractories and their compositions have been determined by Electron Probe X-Ray Microanalysis. The degradation mechanisms of the refractories are discussed based on the analyses. The results will be used to optimize the operation and select proper refractories in the Furnaces.

Liu Yong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Feng Xiao-mei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Chenn Q. Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • CFD Study of Gas-Liquid Phase Interaction Inside a Submerged Lance Smelting Furnace for Copper Smelting
    The Minerals Metals & Materials Series, 2017
    Co-Authors: Guangwu Tang, Ping Zhou, Armin K. Silaen, Zhi Wang, Haibin Wang, Kaile Tang, Chenn Q. Zhou
    Abstract:

    Bath Smelting technology, such as the submerged lance Smelting Furnace, is used in the modern copper making industry. The first submerged lance Smelting Furnace developed by Dongying Fangyuan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd has shown potential for high productivity and energy savings. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to investigate the current design of the Furnace. A three-dimensional multiphase CFD model was developed to study the interaction between injected gas and the liquid bath. The multiphase Eulerian model was used for simulating gas/liquid two-phase flow. The flow pattern in the submerged lance Smelting Furnace indicated rapid flow development and strong turbulent interactions between the gas and liquid phases. The model was validated based on a water model experiment of the mixing process. Mixing times from the simulation results show good agreement with experimental data. Additionally, based on this model, the gas residence time and liquid copper matte splashing phenomena under varying gas flow rates were investigated.

Liu Gang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.