The Experts below are selected from a list of 255 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nicholas James True - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real-time Fire detection in low quality video
2013Co-Authors: Nicholas James TrueAbstract:For over fifty years, simple Smoke and heat sensors have been the primary means of automated Fire detection. We are now at the point where computer processing power is cheap enough and machine vision technology is sophisticated enough for a new generation of automated Fire detection systems : video-based Fire detection (VBFD). While current Smoke and Fire detection technology has proven to be reliable and effective, VBFD technology promises to go where existing systems can't and to detect Fires faster than its venerable predecessors ever could. This thesis explores a few methods for achieving real-time video-based Fire detection in low quality data. Assuming a stationary source camera, we describe an algorithm that uses a support vector machine to classify short, targeted video sequences as Fire/non-Fire. The algorithm achieves a classification rate of 96.0% on a holdout set of real world data. Furthermore, the system is robust with respect to the distance from the Fire source, works day or night, and only requires the processing power of a common desktop computer
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Real-time Fire detection in low quality video - eScholarship
2010Co-Authors: Nicholas James TrueAbstract:For over fifty years, simple Smoke and heat sensors have been the primary means of automated Fire detection. We are now at the point where computer processing power is cheap enough and machine vision technology is sophisticated enough for a new generation of automated Fire detection systems : video-based Fire detection (VBFD). While current Smoke and Fire detection technology has proven to be reliable and effective, VBFD technology promises to go where existing systems can't and to detect Fires faster than its venerable predecessors ever could. This thesis explores a few methods for achieving real-time video-based Fire detection in low quality data. Assuming a stationary source camera, we describe an algorithm that uses a support vector machine to classify short, targeted video sequences as Fire/non-Fire. The algorithm achieves a classification rate of 96.0% on a holdout set of real world data. Furthermore, the system is robust with respect to the distance from the Fire source, works day or night, and only requires the processing power of a common desktop computer
Umberto Flisi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Testing the Smoke and Fire hazard
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2003Co-Authors: Umberto FlisiAbstract:Abstract The main test methods currently used in the world for testing the Smoke and Fire hazard associated with plastics are reviewed, highlighting those proposed for international acceptance.
Joel S. Patton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fire and Smoke Corrosivity of Structural Materials
Journal of Fire Sciences, 1992Co-Authors: Joel S. PattonAbstract:The deleterious effects that combustion products generated during Fires can have on normal construction materials have been well-documented. The combined effects of Fire, corrosive Smoke and particulate have been defined as Fire corrosivity. While the effects of Fire corrosivity are well-known, little quantitative information is available concerning the mechanisms involved and the degree to which materials, particularly metals, are susceptible. Consequently, a study which was conducted to begin examining the effects of Fire and Smoke corrosivity on metals is described and the results are presented. Various metal targets were exposed to corrosive Smoke and Fire particulate produced from polyvinylchloride (PVC) samples burned in a cone calorimeter. The target materials consisted of 304 stainless steel, 1010 carbon steel and 70-30 CuNi alloy. In addition to metal targets, electrical resistance probes were also utilized in the testing to monitor in-situ corrosion rates. The probe materials corresponded to the metal targets so that a comparison could be conducted. After testing, both the metal targets and corrosion probes were sectioned and prepared for analysis using standard metallographic techniques. The targets and probes were analyzed for corrosion products and depth of attack. Results from this testing show that all the metal targets proved highly susceptible to the effects of Fire and Smoke corrosivity attributed to the burning of PVC samples. These results are presented and compared by corrosion rates. In addition, the performance of the corrosion probes in terms of their ability to produce accurate corrosion measurements was evaluated by comparing their corrosion depth measurements to those of the metal targets. It can be concluded from these observations that the testing of structural metals for their resistance to Fire corrosivity must be done over a wide range of combustion environments using a large number of targets in order to generate a statistical basis before any predictions can be made concerning a particular alloy's resistance.
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Fire and Smoke Corrosivity of Metals
Journal of Fire Sciences, 1991Co-Authors: Joel S. PattonAbstract:The deleterious effects that combustion products, generated during Fires, can have on normal construction materials has been well documented. The combined effects of Fire, corrosive Smoke and particulate have been defined as Fire corrosivity. While the effects of Fire corrosivity are well known little quantitative information is available concerning the mechanisms involved and the degree to which materials, particularly, metals are susceptible to this attack. Consequently, a study was conducted to begin examining the effects of Fire and Smoke corrosion on metals. Various metal targets were exposed to corrosive Smoke and Fire particulate produced from Polyvinylchloride (PVC) samples burned in a cone calorimeter. The target materials consisted of 304 stainless steel, 1010 carbon steel and 70-30 Cu-Ni alloy. In addition to metal targets, electrical resistance probes were also utilized in the testing to monitor in-situ corrosion. The probe materials corresponded to the metal targets so that a comparison could be conducted. The corrosion probes offer the capability of instantaneously comparing results from similar tests and to conduct in-situ measurements of corrosion rates during a test. After testing, both the metal targets and corrosion probes were sectioned and prepared for analysis using standard metallographic techniques. The targets and probes were analyzed for corrosion products and depth of attack. As a result of this test it was shown that all the metal targets test proved highly susceptible to the effects of Smoke corrosivity attributed to the burning of PVC samples. These results are presented and compared by corrosion rates. In addition, the performance of the corrosion probes in terms of their ability to produce accurate corrosion measurements were evaluated by comparing their corrosion depth measurements to those of the metal targets.
Liu Jing-zheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simulation of Smoke and Fire in Battlefield with OpenGVS
Computer Simulation, 2007Co-Authors: Liu Jing-zhengAbstract:The special effects in battlefield help to foil the atmosphere of virtual battlefield environment and the quality of the simulation affects the quality of the whole battlefield simulation.The anomalistic objects such as Fire and Smoke cannot be simulated by traditional geometry method but can be only simulated by adopting complicated math models such as particle system.However,there are often several Fire and Smoke effects that need to be simulated in one scene when simulating battlefield environment.The huge cost of calculation will definitely have great impact on the synchronization of virtual scene.This paper does some research on the methods of simulating special effects with OpenGVS,and puts forward a method which combines the particle system method with 2-D texture animation method based on OpenGVS which reduces the cost of calculation for simulation obviously.This paper uses the method in virtual scene for one cannon training emluator and it is proved by practice that the special effects are simulated commendably with synchronization of virtual scene being guaranteed.
Otilia Reyes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fire Severity Drives the Natural Regeneration of Cytisus scoparius L. (Link) and Salix atrocinerea Brot. Communities and the Germinative Behaviour of These Species
Forests, 2020Co-Authors: Oscar Cruz, J. García-duro, Sheila F. Riveiro, Candela García-garcía, Mercedes Casal, Otilia ReyesAbstract:Research Highlights: Data indicated that Fire severity modulates natural regeneration of Cytisus scoparius and Salix atrocinerea communities and drives much stronger effects on the germination of the dominant species. Background and Objectives: Previous studies demonstrated that Fire severity induces different behaviours in plant species. Mother plant age is an important feature that must also be considered in plans of forest restoration. The objectives were to determine, in field studies, the effect of Fire severity on the natural regeneration of C. scoparius and S. atrocinerea communities, to know the role of mother plant age on the germination of seeds of C. scoparius and S. atrocinerea, and to quantify their germination response at different levels of Fire severity, in laboratory settings. Material and Methods: We have analysed the role of Fire severity on the natural regeneration of C. scoparius and S. atrocinerea communities considering cover and height. Forty 30 × 30 m plots were randomly located in C. scoparius and S. atrocinerea communities. Fire severity on the germination of dominant species was tested through different levels of Smoke, charcoal, ash, and heat. Results: High severity reduced the vertical cover and growth in height of the two communities and favoured the increase of cover of woody species in the C. scoparius community and herbaceous species in the S. atrocinerea community. Mother plant age determined germination percentages of C. scoparius seeds. Germination of C. scoparius was increased by moderate heat, and heat and Smoke; and Fire severity greatly reduced germination of S. atrocinerea. Conclusions: The regeneration responses after Fire were largely controlled by interactions between the Fire severity and the individual species regeneration strategies. For restoration purposes, C. scoparius seeds should be treated with 80 °C and Smoke for 10 min, in order to increase germination; however, Salix seeds should be used without treatment and immediately after dispersion.