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Arja Rimpela - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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low schoolwork engagement and schoolwork difficulties predict Smoking in Adolescence
European Journal of Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Jaana Minkkinen, Arja Rimpela, Jaana M. Kinnunen, Sakari Karvonen, Risto Hotulainen, Pirjo LindforsAbstract:Background Low academic achievement has been associated with Smoking but factors behind this association are poorly known. Such factors could include schoolwork disengagement and schoolwork difficulties. To assess the extent to which they contribute to the explanation of how health inequalities emerge, we study in a longitudinal design whether these have an independent effect on Smoking or whether their effect is mediated through academic achievement. Methods Longitudinal data were collected in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland in 2011 and 2014. Participants were seventh-graders (12 - 13 years, N=9497). in the follow-up, 6534 students reported their Smoking status in the ninth grade (15 - 16 years). Smoking, schoolwork behavioural engagement, i.e. participation in academic activities, and disengagement, schoolwork difficulties and cognitive competence were self-reported by adolescents. Academic achievement was obtained from the Finnish national application register on upper secondary education. A mediation analysis was executed with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results Higher schoolwork behavioural engagement and cognitive competence in the seventh grade predicted that adolescents were more likely not to smoke in the ninth grade (all P<0.001) while higher schoolwork disengagement and schoolwork difficulties predicted adolescents' Smoking (all P<0.001). The effects were mediated through academic achievement. Conclusions Students' behavioural disengagement with schoolwork and schoolwork difficulties are risks for Smoking initiation. Their effect is mediated through poor school achievement. As Smoking often continues in adulthood and poor school performance typically leads to lower education, schoolwork disengagement and difficulties in Adolescence constitute potential pathways to inequalities in health.
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Low schoolwork engagement and schoolwork difficulties predict Smoking in Adolescence
European journal of public health, 2018Co-Authors: Jaana Minkkinen, Jaana M. Kinnunen, Sakari Karvonen, Risto Hotulainen, Pirjo Lindfors, Arja RimpelaAbstract:Background Low academic achievement has been associated with Smoking but factors behind this association are poorly known. Such factors could include schoolwork disengagement and schoolwork difficulties. To assess the extent to which they contribute to the explanation of how health inequalities emerge, we study in a longitudinal design whether these have an independent effect on Smoking or whether their effect is mediated through academic achievement. Methods Longitudinal data were collected in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland in 2011 and 2014. Participants were seventh-graders (12 - 13 years, N=9497). in the follow-up, 6534 students reported their Smoking status in the ninth grade (15 - 16 years). Smoking, schoolwork behavioural engagement, i.e. participation in academic activities, and disengagement, schoolwork difficulties and cognitive competence were self-reported by adolescents. Academic achievement was obtained from the Finnish national application register on upper secondary education. A mediation analysis was executed with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results Higher schoolwork behavioural engagement and cognitive competence in the seventh grade predicted that adolescents were more likely not to smoke in the ninth grade (all P
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mobile phone use has not replaced Smoking in Adolescence
BMJ, 2003Co-Authors: Leena Koivusilta, Tomi Lintonen, Arja RimpelaAbstract:EDITOR—Charlton and Bates hypothesised that the fall in Smoking and the rise in ownership of mobile phones among adolescents in the late 1990s were related.1 Mobile phones were argued to be competition to cigarettes by competing for the spending money that is scarce in Adolescence. We tested this hypothesis in Finnish adolescents. We collected cross sectional data in February 2001 from nationally representative samples of 14, 16, and 18 year old Finns by using a self administered structured mailed questionnaire (adolescent …
Stef P. J. Kremers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Leisure time physical activity motives and Smoking in Adolescence
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009Co-Authors: Kirsten T. Verkooijen, Gert A. Nielsen, Stef P. J. KremersAbstract:Objectives: The study aimed to gain a better understanding of the relationship between leisure time physical activity and Smoking in Adolescence by investigating adolescents' motives for participation in leisure time physical activity. Methods: The study involved cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a postal survey involving 16-22-year old Danes. The hypothesized associations were examined using hierarchical logistic regression analyses. Results: An inverse association between participating in leisure time physical activity and Smoking was found. Participation in leisure time physical activity for friendship or competition reasons were conditions that strengthened the inverse association between physical activity and Smoking in males. in contrast, participation for the reason of losing weight or gaining self-esteem appeared to weaken the inverse association among females, in addition, the motives enjoyment, health and, in females, friendships and stress relief were associated with less Smoking irrespective of participation level, while the motives self-esteem, losing weight and, in males, friendships were unrelated or even positively related to Smoking. Conclusions: The association between adolescents' leisure time physical activity and Smoking behavior differs with the underlying motivation for the activity. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The Association between leisure time physical activity and Smoking in Adolescence: an examination of potential mediating and moderating factors.
International journal of behavioral medicine, 2008Co-Authors: Kirsten T. Verkooijen, Gert A. Nielsen, Stef P. J. KremersAbstract:Background: Although physical activity has been associated negatively with Smoking in Adolescence, the association is not well understood. Purpose: This study examines the relationship between adolescents’ leisure time physical activity and Smoking behavior, while considering BMI, weight concern, sense of coherence, and physically active self-concept as potential mediating and moderating variables. Method: Data were obtained through a postal survey among 3,940 Danes aged 16 to 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify significant associations as well as mediating and moderating effects. Results: in the bivariate model, leisure time physical activity was negatively associated with Smoking; adolescents who were active at least one hour per week were up to half as likely to smoke as inactive adolescents. in the adjusted model, however, the association disappeared. Further analyses revealed that physically active self-concept acted both as a mediator and as a moderator of the studied relationship. Conclusion: The data suggest that participation in leisure time physical activity is indeed inversely associated with adolescent Smoking, but only when physical activity is perceived as an important part of the self. Hence, interventions designed to promote physical activity among youth may also aim to boost physically active self-concepts.
Jaana Minkkinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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low schoolwork engagement and schoolwork difficulties predict Smoking in Adolescence
European Journal of Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Jaana Minkkinen, Arja Rimpela, Jaana M. Kinnunen, Sakari Karvonen, Risto Hotulainen, Pirjo LindforsAbstract:Background Low academic achievement has been associated with Smoking but factors behind this association are poorly known. Such factors could include schoolwork disengagement and schoolwork difficulties. To assess the extent to which they contribute to the explanation of how health inequalities emerge, we study in a longitudinal design whether these have an independent effect on Smoking or whether their effect is mediated through academic achievement. Methods Longitudinal data were collected in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland in 2011 and 2014. Participants were seventh-graders (12 - 13 years, N=9497). in the follow-up, 6534 students reported their Smoking status in the ninth grade (15 - 16 years). Smoking, schoolwork behavioural engagement, i.e. participation in academic activities, and disengagement, schoolwork difficulties and cognitive competence were self-reported by adolescents. Academic achievement was obtained from the Finnish national application register on upper secondary education. A mediation analysis was executed with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results Higher schoolwork behavioural engagement and cognitive competence in the seventh grade predicted that adolescents were more likely not to smoke in the ninth grade (all P<0.001) while higher schoolwork disengagement and schoolwork difficulties predicted adolescents' Smoking (all P<0.001). The effects were mediated through academic achievement. Conclusions Students' behavioural disengagement with schoolwork and schoolwork difficulties are risks for Smoking initiation. Their effect is mediated through poor school achievement. As Smoking often continues in adulthood and poor school performance typically leads to lower education, schoolwork disengagement and difficulties in Adolescence constitute potential pathways to inequalities in health.
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Low schoolwork engagement and schoolwork difficulties predict Smoking in Adolescence
European journal of public health, 2018Co-Authors: Jaana Minkkinen, Jaana M. Kinnunen, Sakari Karvonen, Risto Hotulainen, Pirjo Lindfors, Arja RimpelaAbstract:Background Low academic achievement has been associated with Smoking but factors behind this association are poorly known. Such factors could include schoolwork disengagement and schoolwork difficulties. To assess the extent to which they contribute to the explanation of how health inequalities emerge, we study in a longitudinal design whether these have an independent effect on Smoking or whether their effect is mediated through academic achievement. Methods Longitudinal data were collected in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland in 2011 and 2014. Participants were seventh-graders (12 - 13 years, N=9497). in the follow-up, 6534 students reported their Smoking status in the ninth grade (15 - 16 years). Smoking, schoolwork behavioural engagement, i.e. participation in academic activities, and disengagement, schoolwork difficulties and cognitive competence were self-reported by adolescents. Academic achievement was obtained from the Finnish national application register on upper secondary education. A mediation analysis was executed with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results Higher schoolwork behavioural engagement and cognitive competence in the seventh grade predicted that adolescents were more likely not to smoke in the ninth grade (all P
Francesca Ducci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A neurobiological pathway to Smoking in Adolescence: TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 variants and reward response.
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: Christine Macare, Marika Kaakinen, Pimphen Charoen, Francesca Ducci, Yuning Zhang, Barbara Ruggeri, Tianye Jia, Gursharan Kalsi, Filippo Casoni, Jan PetersAbstract:Abstract The TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 gene-cluster has been implicated in adult Smoking. Here, we investigated the contribution of individual genes in the TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 cluster in Smoking and their association with Smoking-associated reward processing in Adolescence. A meta-analysis of TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 variants and self-reported Smoking behaviours was performed in four European adolescent cohorts (N = 14,084). The minor G-allele of rs2236709, mapping TTC12, was associated with self-reported Smoking (p = 5.0 × 10−4) and higher plasma cotinine levels (p = 7.0 × 10−5). This risk allele was linked to an increased ventral-striatal blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response during reward anticipation (n = 1,263) and with higher DRD2 gene expression in the striatum (p = 0.013), but not with TTC12 or ANKK gene expression. These data suggest a role for the TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 gene-cluster in adolescent Smoking behaviours, provide evidence for the involvement of DRD2 in the early stages of addiction and support the notion that genetically-driven inter-individual differences in dopaminergic transmission mediate reward sensitivity and risk to Smoking.
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ttc12 ankk1 drd2 and chrna5 chrna3 chrnb4 influence different pathways leading to Smoking behavior from Adolescence to mid adulthood
Biological Psychiatry, 2011Co-Authors: Marika Kaakinen, Pimphen Charoen, Annaliisa Hartikainen, Matti Isohanni, Francesca Ducci, Anneli Pouta, Juha Veijola, Lachlan J M CoinAbstract:BACKGROUND: CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 and TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 gene-clusters influence Smoking behavior. Our aim was to test developmental changes in their effects as well as the interplays between them and with nongenetic factors. METHODS: Participants included 4762 subjects from a general population-based, prospective Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort (NFBC 1966). Smoking behavior was collected at age 14 and 31 years. information on maternal Smoking, socioeconomic status, and novelty seeking were also collected. Structural equation modeling was used to construct an integrative etiologic model including genetic and nongenetic factors. RESULTS: Several single nucleotide polymorphisms in both gene-clusters were significantly associated with Smoking. The most significant were in CHRNA3 (rs1051730, p = 1.1 × 10(-5)) and in TTC12 (rs10502172, p = 9.1 × 10(-6)). CHRNA3-rs1051730[A] was more common among heavy/regular smokers than nonsmokers with similar effect-sizes at age 14 years (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.27 [1.06-1.52]) and 31 years (1.28 [1.13-1.44]). TTC12-rs10502172[G] was more common among smokers than nonsmokers with stronger association at 14 years (1.33 [1.11-1.60]) than 31 years (1.14 [1.02-1.28]). in Adolescence, carriers of three-four risk alleles at either CHRNA3-rs1051730 or TTC12-rs10502172 had almost threefold odds of Smoking regularly than subjects with no risk alleles. TTC12-rs10502172 effect on Smoking in adulthood was mediated by its effect on Smoking in Adolescence and via novelty seeking. Effect of CHRNA3-rs1051730 on Smoking in adulthood was direct. CONCLUSIONS: TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2s seemed to influence Smoking behavior mainly in Adolescence, and its effect is partially mediated by personality characteristics promoting drug-seeking behavior. in contrast, CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 is involved in the transition toward heavy Smoking in mid-adulthood and in Smoking persistence. Factors related to familial and social disadvantages were strong independent predictors of Smoking.
Kirsten T. Verkooijen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Leisure time physical activity motives and Smoking in Adolescence
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009Co-Authors: Kirsten T. Verkooijen, Gert A. Nielsen, Stef P. J. KremersAbstract:Objectives: The study aimed to gain a better understanding of the relationship between leisure time physical activity and Smoking in Adolescence by investigating adolescents' motives for participation in leisure time physical activity. Methods: The study involved cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a postal survey involving 16-22-year old Danes. The hypothesized associations were examined using hierarchical logistic regression analyses. Results: An inverse association between participating in leisure time physical activity and Smoking was found. Participation in leisure time physical activity for friendship or competition reasons were conditions that strengthened the inverse association between physical activity and Smoking in males. in contrast, participation for the reason of losing weight or gaining self-esteem appeared to weaken the inverse association among females, in addition, the motives enjoyment, health and, in females, friendships and stress relief were associated with less Smoking irrespective of participation level, while the motives self-esteem, losing weight and, in males, friendships were unrelated or even positively related to Smoking. Conclusions: The association between adolescents' leisure time physical activity and Smoking behavior differs with the underlying motivation for the activity. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The Association between leisure time physical activity and Smoking in Adolescence: an examination of potential mediating and moderating factors.
International journal of behavioral medicine, 2008Co-Authors: Kirsten T. Verkooijen, Gert A. Nielsen, Stef P. J. KremersAbstract:Background: Although physical activity has been associated negatively with Smoking in Adolescence, the association is not well understood. Purpose: This study examines the relationship between adolescents’ leisure time physical activity and Smoking behavior, while considering BMI, weight concern, sense of coherence, and physically active self-concept as potential mediating and moderating variables. Method: Data were obtained through a postal survey among 3,940 Danes aged 16 to 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify significant associations as well as mediating and moderating effects. Results: in the bivariate model, leisure time physical activity was negatively associated with Smoking; adolescents who were active at least one hour per week were up to half as likely to smoke as inactive adolescents. in the adjusted model, however, the association disappeared. Further analyses revealed that physically active self-concept acted both as a mediator and as a moderator of the studied relationship. Conclusion: The data suggest that participation in leisure time physical activity is indeed inversely associated with adolescent Smoking, but only when physical activity is perceived as an important part of the self. Hence, interventions designed to promote physical activity among youth may also aim to boost physically active self-concepts.