The Experts below are selected from a list of 156138 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sidney Tarrow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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making Social Science Work across space and time a critical reflection on robert putnam s making democracy Work
American Political Science Review, 1996Co-Authors: Sidney TarrowAbstract:Tarrow initially provides a synopsis of Putnam’s widely heralded Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (1993 and with Leonardi and Nanetti). He is encouraging about Putnam’s early narrower project (see Putnam with Leonardi and Nanetti 1988), which shows how a 1970s central political reform was realized quite differently in the distinctive political cultures of northern and southern Italy. Tarrow agrees that this part of Putnam’s study demonstrates that distinctive political cultures are apt to shape initially similar institutions quite differently over time. So in this regard culture shapes political institutions. However, Putnam extended the initial scope of his analysis to inquire into the origins of these distinctive regional cultures, concluding that these regional peculiarities are long-standing, stemming from differences in civic republicanism (Social capital or civil society) in the late medieval period that persist into the present. Thus, once again, Putnam portrays culture as shaping political institutions: Civic republicanism produces more thorough democracy. Tarrow disagrees with the causal flow Putnam suggests in his expanded project. Tarrow argues instead that, across this lengthy period, institutional differences shaped distinctive political cultures. Tarrow also thinks that Putnam’s operationalization of democracy has limitations, and we might add that Putnam’s indices of culture lack a theoretical superstructure.
Alan L Porter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the emergence of Social Science research on nanotechnology
Scientometrics, 2010Co-Authors: Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie, Alan L PorterAbstract:This article examines the development of Social Science literature focused on the emerging area of nanotechnology. It is guided by the exploratory proposition that early Social Science Work on emerging technologies will draw on Science and engineering literature on the technology in question to frame its investigative activities, but as the technologies and societal investments in them progress, Social scientists will increasingly develop and draw on their own body of literature. To address this proposition the authors create a database of nanotechnology-Social Science literature by merging articles from the Web of Science's Social Science Citation Index and Arts and Humanities Citation Index with articles from Scopus. The resulting database comprises 308 records. The findings suggest that there are multiple dimensions of cited literature and that Social Science citations of other Social scientists' Works have increased since 2005.
Sujatha Raman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can resistant infections be perceptible in UK dairy farming
Palgrave Communications, 2019Co-Authors: Richard Helliwell, Carol Morris, Sujatha RamanAbstract:This paper interrogates the claim that antimicrobial-resistant infections are rarely encountered in animal agriculture. This has been widely reiterated by a range of academic, policy and industry stakeholders in the UK. Further support comes from the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency’s (APHA) passive clinical surveillance regime, which relies on veterinarians to submit samples for analysis and similarly reports low levels of resistance amongst key animal pathogens. Building on Social Science Work on knowledge-practices of animal health and disease, and insights from emerging literature on non-knowledge or ‘agnotology’, we investigate the conditions shaping what is known about antimicrobial-resistant infections on farms. In so doing, we find that how on-farm knowledge is produced about resistant infection is concurrently related to domains of imperceptibility or what cannot be known in the context of current practices. The paper discusses the findings of ethnographic research undertaken on an East Midlands dairy farm that highlight the following specific findings. First, farmers and veterinarians, when observing instances of treatment failure, draw on an experiential repertoire that effaces resistances and instead foregrounds the complexities of host-pathogen interaction, or failings in human behaviour, over pathogen-antibiotic interactions. Second, the knowledge-practices of both farmers and veterinarians, although adept at identifying and diagnosing infectious disease are not equipped to make resistance perceptible. Third, this imperceptibility has implications for antibiotic use practices. Most notably, veterinarians anticipate resistance when making antibiotic choices. However, because of the absence of farm level knowledge of resistance this anticipatory logic is informed through the prevalence of resistance ‘at large’. The analysis has implications for the existing passive resistance surveillance regime operating in the dairy sector, which relies on veterinarians and farmers voluntarily submitting samples for diagnostic and susceptibility testing. In effect this entrenches farm level imperceptibility and effacement by farmers and veterinarians within the national dairy surveillance regime. However, we also highlight opportunities for providing farm specific knowledge of resistance through the anticipatory logic of veterinarians and a more active regime of surveillance.
Raman Sujatha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can resistant infections be perceptible in UK dairy farming?
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2019Co-Authors: Helliwell Richard, Morris Carol, Raman SujathaAbstract:This paper interrogates the claim that antimicrobial-resistant infections are rarely encountered in animal agriculture. This has been widely reiterated by a range of academic, policy and industry stakeholders in the UK. Further support comes from the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency’s (APHA) passive clinical surveillance regime, which relies on veterinarians to submit samples for analysis and similarly reports low levels of resistance amongst key animal pathogens. Building on Social Science Work on knowledge-practices of animal health and disease, and insights from emerging literature on non-knowledge or ‘agnotology’, we investigate the conditions shaping what is known about antimicrobialresistant infections on farms. In so doing, we find that how on-farm knowledge is produced about resistant infection is concurrently related to domains of imperceptibility or what cannot be known in the context of current practices. The paper discusses the findings of ethnographic research undertaken on an East Midlands dairy farm that highlight the following specific findings. First, farmers and veterinarians, when observing instances of treatment failure, draw on an experiential repertoire that effaces resistances and instead foregrounds the complexities of host-pathogen interaction, or failings in human behaviour, over pathogenantibiotic interactions. Second, the knowledge-practices of both farmers and veterinarians, although adept at identifying and diagnosing infectious disease are not equipped to make resistance perceptible. Third, this imperceptibility has implications for antibiotic use practices. Most notably, veterinarians anticipate resistance when making antibiotic choices. However, because of the absence of farm level knowledge of resistance this anticipatory logic is informed through the prevalence of resistance ‘at large’. The analysis has implications for the existing passive resistance surveillance regime operating in the dairy sector, which relies on veterinarians and farmers voluntarily submitting samples for diagnostic and susceptibility testing. In effect this entrenches farm level imperceptibility and effacement by farmers and veterinarians within the national dairy surveillance regime. However, we also highlight opportunities for providing farm specific knowledge of resistance through the anticipatory logic of veterinarians and a more active regime of surveillance.This Work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council [grant number NE/N01M9881/1]
Philip Shapira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the emergence of Social Science research on nanotechnology
Scientometrics, 2010Co-Authors: Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie, Alan L PorterAbstract:This article examines the development of Social Science literature focused on the emerging area of nanotechnology. It is guided by the exploratory proposition that early Social Science Work on emerging technologies will draw on Science and engineering literature on the technology in question to frame its investigative activities, but as the technologies and societal investments in them progress, Social scientists will increasingly develop and draw on their own body of literature. To address this proposition the authors create a database of nanotechnology-Social Science literature by merging articles from the Web of Science's Social Science Citation Index and Arts and Humanities Citation Index with articles from Scopus. The resulting database comprises 308 records. The findings suggest that there are multiple dimensions of cited literature and that Social Science citations of other Social scientists' Works have increased since 2005.