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Bruno Van Der Linden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • did the intergenerational solidarity pact increase the employment rate of older workers in belgium a macro econometric evaluation
    IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 2015
    Co-Authors: Muriel Dejemeppe, Catherine Smith, Bruno Van Der Linden
    Abstract:

    In December 2005, the Belgian government adopted the law on the Intergenerational Solidarity Pact (ISP) aimed at increasing the employment rate of older workers. The main policies of the ISP consist of a pension bonus, reductions in employers’ Social Security Contributions and measures discouraging early retirement while encouraging working time reductions at the end of the career. We aim at evaluating the overall effectiveness of the ISP in raising the employment rate of older workers. To that purpose, we compare the actual evolution of the employment rate after the implementation of the policies to its predicted (counterfactual) evolution based on the estimation of a macro-econometric model in a period prior to the ISP. The results suggest a slight positive impact of the ISP on the employment rate of older workers but to the detriment of the younger workers. However, there is a lack of statistical power to draw firm conclusions on the overall effect of the ISP.

  • did the intergenerational solidarity pact increase the employment rate of older workers in belgium a macro econometric evaluation
    Social Science Research Network, 2015
    Co-Authors: Muriel Dejemeppe, Catherine Smith, Bruno Van Der Linden
    Abstract:

    In December 2005, the Belgian government adopted the law on the Intergenerational Solidarity Pact (ISP) aiming at increasing the employment rate of older workers. The main policies of the ISP consist in a pension bonus, reductions in employers' Social Security Contributions and measures discouraging early retirement while encouraging working time reductions at the end of the career. We aim at evaluating the overall effectiveness of the ISP in rising the employment rate of older workers. To that purpose, we compare the actual evolution of the employment rate after the implementation of the policies to its predicted (counterfactual) evolution based on the estimation of a macroeconometric model in a period prior to the ISP. The results suggest a slight positive impact of the ISP on the employment rate of older workers but to the detriment of the younger workers. However, there is a lack of statistical power to draw firm conclusions on the overall effect of the ISP.

Doina Maria Radulescu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the influence of labour taxes on the migration of skilled workers
    The World Economy, 2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Egger, Doina Maria Radulescu
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates empirically the role of taxes on labour for the stock of expatriates and the migration flows of skilled workers. Given the increasing mobility of labour, especially of high-skilled people and expatriates, it is interesting to see to what extent labour income taxes and Social Security Contributions determine migration flows. We collect data on personal income tax profiles for 49 economies and the year 2002. In particular, we determine the component of labour taxes which is borne by employers and that which is borne by employees, following the OECD's Taxing Wages Approach. For the latter, we calculate the progressivity of personal income tax rates between the average wage and five times the average wage. This may be interpreted as the tax progression which is relevant for well-paid workers. Then, we use the personal income tax variables to estimate their effect on bilateral stocks of expatriates into OECD countries and the migration of skilled workers into these countries. Personal income tax rates turn out to have a robust negative effect on cross-border flows of skilled workers in the OECD.

  • the influence of labor taxes on the migration of skilled workers
    Social Science Research Network, 2008
    Co-Authors: Peter Egger, Doina Maria Radulescu
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates empirically the role of taxes on labor for the stock of expatriates and the migration flows of skilled workers. Given the increasing mobility of labour, especially of high-skilled people and expatriates, it is interesting to see to what extent labour income taxes and Social Security Contributions determine migration flows. We collect data on personal income tax profiles for 49 economies and the year 2002. In particular, we determine the component of labor taxes which is borne by employers and the one that is borne by employees, following the OECD's Taxing Wages Approach. For the latter, we calculate the progressivity of personal income tax rates between the average wage and five times the average wage. This may be interpreted as the tax progression which is relevant for well-paid workers. Then, we use the personal income tax variables to estimate their effect on bilateral stocks of expatriates into OECD countries and the migration of skilled workers into these countries. Personal income tax rates turn out to have a robust negative effect on cross-border flows of skilled workers in the OECD.

Sven Stowhase - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • horizontal inequities in the german tax benefit system the case of two wage earner employee households
    Early Childhood Education Journal, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sven Stowhase
    Abstract:

    The question of how horizontal equity between families in the tax-benefit-system is affected by the within-household distribution of earnings has not been systematically analyzed so far. Using an arithmetic model accounting for all relevant parts of the German tax-benefit-system we explored this aspect in detail. From our calculations it became evident that the combined burden of taxes, Social Security Contributions, and transfers was significantly affected by the distribution of earnings between spouses and that the effect differs with respect to total household income. Overall, the German tax-benefit-system favors an unequal income distribution within the household. Applying the model on empirical data taken from the most recent German Income and Expenditure Survey, we were able to quantify these effects. According to our results, total disposable income of the households analyzed would increase by about €5.5 billion per year if all wage income within households would be allocated to a single-earner.

Peter Egger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the influence of labour taxes on the migration of skilled workers
    The World Economy, 2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Egger, Doina Maria Radulescu
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates empirically the role of taxes on labour for the stock of expatriates and the migration flows of skilled workers. Given the increasing mobility of labour, especially of high-skilled people and expatriates, it is interesting to see to what extent labour income taxes and Social Security Contributions determine migration flows. We collect data on personal income tax profiles for 49 economies and the year 2002. In particular, we determine the component of labour taxes which is borne by employers and that which is borne by employees, following the OECD's Taxing Wages Approach. For the latter, we calculate the progressivity of personal income tax rates between the average wage and five times the average wage. This may be interpreted as the tax progression which is relevant for well-paid workers. Then, we use the personal income tax variables to estimate their effect on bilateral stocks of expatriates into OECD countries and the migration of skilled workers into these countries. Personal income tax rates turn out to have a robust negative effect on cross-border flows of skilled workers in the OECD.

  • the influence of labor taxes on the migration of skilled workers
    Social Science Research Network, 2008
    Co-Authors: Peter Egger, Doina Maria Radulescu
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates empirically the role of taxes on labor for the stock of expatriates and the migration flows of skilled workers. Given the increasing mobility of labour, especially of high-skilled people and expatriates, it is interesting to see to what extent labour income taxes and Social Security Contributions determine migration flows. We collect data on personal income tax profiles for 49 economies and the year 2002. In particular, we determine the component of labor taxes which is borne by employers and the one that is borne by employees, following the OECD's Taxing Wages Approach. For the latter, we calculate the progressivity of personal income tax rates between the average wage and five times the average wage. This may be interpreted as the tax progression which is relevant for well-paid workers. Then, we use the personal income tax variables to estimate their effect on bilateral stocks of expatriates into OECD countries and the migration of skilled workers into these countries. Personal income tax rates turn out to have a robust negative effect on cross-border flows of skilled workers in the OECD.

Rui Pereira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • environmental fiscal reform and fiscal consolidation the quest for the third dividend in portugal
    Public Finance Review, 2014
    Co-Authors: Alfredo M Pereira, Rui Pereira
    Abstract:

    This article explores the capacity for environmental fiscal reform to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, stimulate economic performance, and promote fiscal sustainability. Simulation results suggest that reforms based on CO2 taxation stimulate gross domestic product (GDP) when tax revenues are used to promote private or public investment and stimulate employment when used to finance reductions in personal income taxation or firms’ Social Security Contributions. More generally, reforms allow for reductions in the costs of climate policy, a weaker realization of the second dividend. In addition, several reforms lead to reductions in public debt, the realization of a third dividend. When political constraints on reducing public spending are considered, however, this third dividend only materializes when revenues finance public investment or reductions in the firms’ Social Security Contributions. Overall, our results suggest that low growth and high public debt need not be regarded as hindrances for envir...

  • environmental fiscal reform and fiscal consolidation the quest for the third dividend in portugal
    Research Papers in Economics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Alfredo M Pereira, Rui Pereira
    Abstract:

    This paper explores the capacity for environmental fiscal reform to reduce CO2 emissions, stimulate economic performance, and promote fiscal sustainability. Simulation results suggest that reforms based on CO2 taxation stimulate GDP when tax revenues are used to promote private or public investment and stimulate employment when used to finance reductions in personal income taxation or firms' Social Security Contributions. More generally, reforms allow for reductions in the costs of climate policy, a weaker realization of the second dividend. In addition, several reforms lead to reductions in public debt, the realization of a third dividend. When political constraints on reducing public spending are considered, however, this third dividend only materializes when revenues finance public investment or reductions in the firms' Social Security Contributions. Overall, our results suggest that low growth and high public debt need not be regarded as hindrances for environmental fiscal reform but can actually be seen as catalysts.