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D D Patra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of organic amendments and microbial application on Sodic Soil properties and growth of an aromatic crop
    Ecological Engineering, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pragya Trivedi, Kripal Singh, Umesh Pankaj, Sanjeet K Verma, Rajesh Kumar Verma, D D Patra
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this experiment, we studied the effects of microbial inoculation, vermicompost and sludge application on physical, chemical and microbial properties of Sodic Soil and growth of Ocimum basilicum (holy basil). Sodic Soil collected from natural field was amended with two bacterial strains A and C (isolated from the same Soil), vermicompost and tannery sludge @ 5 t ha−1 upto 0–15 cm Soil depth of field buried cement barrels (125 cm height, 49.5 cm diameter) in such a way that nine treatments (control Sodic Soil (T0), vermicompost or VC (T1), VC + strain A (T2), VC + strain C (T3), VC + strain A and C (T4), tannery sludge or TS (T5), TS + strain A (T6), TS + strain C (T7), and TS + strain A and C (T8) were formed. After application of these treatments, Soil was incubated for one month at constant moisture. After one month of incubation period, 35 days old seedlings of O. basilicum were planted in barrels. Significant changes in Soil properties (physico-chemical, microbial and enzyme activities), due to application of microbes and organic amendments, were observed after one month of incubation (AIS) and at crop harvest (ACH). On an average Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium (Na), Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), Soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), Soil respiration (SR), microbial quotient (Cmic:Corg), and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were significantly higher in incubated Soils than crop harvested Soils. Study concludes that use of vermicompost, sludge and microbial inoculants increase Soil fertility and enhance yield and oil quality of Ocimum basilicum. Furthermore, incubation for one month before crop plantation was sufficient time for amendments to facilitate changes in Sodic Soil properties.

  • identification and performance of Sodicity tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacterial isolates on ocimum basilicum in Sodic Soil
    Ecological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Ratna Sahay, D D Patra
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ocimum basilicum is tolerant to higher salt, pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) in Soil. It is observed as a potential crop to be grown in salt affected Soil. Its tolerance to adverse condition and association with halophilic beneficial microbes together can play a greater role for utilization and improvement of Sodic waste land. After screening the potential phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) (RS-1, RS-2, RS-3 and RS-4) from Sodic Soil, they were identified and tested in pot experiment in naturally occurring Sodic Soil having pH 9.3 and ESP about 45. At optimum condition, these bacteria showed phosphorus solubilization potential in liquid medium containing tricalcium phosphate (TCP) under laboratory condition. Inoculation of PSB significantly increased the plant growth with respect to height, number of branches, dry matter accumulation and P content of plants. Quantity and quality of essential oil were also significantly influenced by PSB inoculation as compared to control. It has been observed that PSB also improved the physical, chemical and biological properties of the post harvest Soil.

Kripal Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of organic amendments and microbial application on Sodic Soil properties and growth of an aromatic crop
    Ecological Engineering, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pragya Trivedi, Kripal Singh, Umesh Pankaj, Sanjeet K Verma, Rajesh Kumar Verma, D D Patra
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this experiment, we studied the effects of microbial inoculation, vermicompost and sludge application on physical, chemical and microbial properties of Sodic Soil and growth of Ocimum basilicum (holy basil). Sodic Soil collected from natural field was amended with two bacterial strains A and C (isolated from the same Soil), vermicompost and tannery sludge @ 5 t ha−1 upto 0–15 cm Soil depth of field buried cement barrels (125 cm height, 49.5 cm diameter) in such a way that nine treatments (control Sodic Soil (T0), vermicompost or VC (T1), VC + strain A (T2), VC + strain C (T3), VC + strain A and C (T4), tannery sludge or TS (T5), TS + strain A (T6), TS + strain C (T7), and TS + strain A and C (T8) were formed. After application of these treatments, Soil was incubated for one month at constant moisture. After one month of incubation period, 35 days old seedlings of O. basilicum were planted in barrels. Significant changes in Soil properties (physico-chemical, microbial and enzyme activities), due to application of microbes and organic amendments, were observed after one month of incubation (AIS) and at crop harvest (ACH). On an average Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium (Na), Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), Soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), Soil respiration (SR), microbial quotient (Cmic:Corg), and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were significantly higher in incubated Soils than crop harvested Soils. Study concludes that use of vermicompost, sludge and microbial inoculants increase Soil fertility and enhance yield and oil quality of Ocimum basilicum. Furthermore, incubation for one month before crop plantation was sufficient time for amendments to facilitate changes in Sodic Soil properties.

  • Sodic Soil reclamation potential of jatropha curcas a long term study
    Ecological Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kripal Singh, Bajrang Singh, Rakesh Tuli
    Abstract:

    Abstract Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) has been identified as a biodiesel plant globally. Efforts are underway to domesticate JCL for high seed yield. The plant has potential to grow on marginal/degraded/substandard lands to avoid competition with food crops, but little is known about its potential to reclaim degraded lands. At this study, several accessions of JCL were planted in 2005 on Sodic Soil to assess Soil amelioration potential of the plant. After six years (2011) of plant growth, seed yield was not economically viable; however, Soil properties improved significantly when compared to initial (0-year plantation) Soil properties at 0–15 cm Soil depth. Random Soil samples were collected from 0 to 15 cm Soil depth beneath and outside canopies of JCL with high, medium and poor growth in the year 2008 (3-year plantation) and 2011 (6-year plantation). Soil bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) decreased and Soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), microbial biomass (MB-C, MB-N and MB-P) and enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and protease) increased significantly with effect of JCL plantation. Significant decrease in Soil pH, EC and ESP has been noticed from 8.6 to 7.6, 1.29 to 0.98 dS m−1 and 20.7% to 13.8%, respectively. Similarly, Soil fertility parameters like SOC, MB-C, dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and protease increased significantly from 4.55 to 8.41 g kg−1, 98 to 352 μg g−1, 16.3 to 51.2 μg TPF g−1 h−1, 75.8 to 338.2 μg PNP g−1 h−1 and 43.7 to 163.2 μg Tyrosine g−1 h−1, respectively after 6 years of JCL cultivation on Sodic Soil. Changes in Soil properties were significantly higher beneath the canopy than outside canopy. Soil Sodicity parameters (bulk density, pH, EC and ESP) and fertility attributes (SOC, N, P, MB and enzymes) were significantly negatively and positively correlated with the height, biomass and litter fall of JCL, respectively. Furthermore, to test whether changes in Soil properties are induced by test crop, changes were compared with Prosopis juliflora plantation of same age, which is generally planted for amelioration of Sodic Soils. The significant decrease in Soil Sodicity and increase in Soil fertility conclude that JCL is equally good to reclaim the Sodic Soils.

  • Effect of land rehabilitation on physicochemical and microbial properties of a Sodic Soil
    CATENA, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kripal Singh, Bajrang Singh, Rakeshwar Singh
    Abstract:

    Abstract Sodic Soils are widely distributed in arid and semiarid regions of the world and suffer from high values of pH, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and low fertility. But little is known about the effect of long term land rehabilitation on Soil physicochemical and microbial properties of Sodic Soils. Therefore, the specific objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the effect of long term (five decades) rehabilitation of Sodic land through cropping system on Soil physicochemical and microbial properties, (ii) to assess seasonal variation in Soil properties of different lands and (iii) to calculate increase in Soil fertility through gain percent. For this purpose, changes in Soil properties (physicochemical and microbial properties) of rehabilitated Sodic land (RSL) were compared with adjacent degraded Sodic land (DSL) and non-Sodic Soil (NSS). When compared to DSL, Soil pH, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were significantly lower in RSL and NSS, while, Soil organic carbon (SOC), available nutrients, microbial biomass (MB), microbial counts and enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, protease, alkaline phosphatase and acidic phosphatase) were significantly higher in RSL and NSS. Seasonal fluctuations in Soil properties varied significantly from the annual mean and changes were not always identical for all the lands. Microbial biomass and enzyme activities were negatively correlated with Soil Sodicity parameters (pH, EC, ESP and SAR) except alkaline phosphatase activity. On the basis of gain %, respective decrease in Soil pH, EC, ESP and SAR was 44, 78, 61 and 86% and increase in SOC, total nitrogen (Nt) MBC, fungal population, dehydrogenase and protease activities was 65, 88, 73, 65, 66 and 63%. Rehabilitation of degraded Sodic land through cropping showed 79% (mean gain %) improvement in Soil quality. Our findings conclude that rehabilitation of degraded Sodic lands through cropping showed a considerable increase in Soil fertility.

Tibin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • improvement of Soil nutrient and biological properties and establishment of lycium barbarum l in an impermeable saline Sodic Soil using drip irrigation
    Soil Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tibin Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhan, Hao Feng
    Abstract:

    A Sodicity-induced degraded wasteland, classified as takyric solonetz with low permeability (Ks 80%) and dry fruit yield (866 kg ha–1) were obtained at 3 years. The findings provide an alternative for reclaiming the saline-Sodic Soil with low permeability.

  • salt characteristics and soluble cations redistribution in an impermeable calcareous saline Sodic Soil reclaimed with an improved drip irrigation
    Agricultural Water Management, 2018
    Co-Authors: Xiaoyun Zhan, Tibin Zhang, Jianqiang He, Hao Feng, Yaohu Kang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Saline-Sodic and Sodic Soils are characterized by the occurrence of excessive Na+ that adversely affect Soil properties. Takyric solonetz, a saline-Sodic Soil with a poor structure, a low permeability (saturated hydraulic conductivity

  • improvements of Soil salt characteristics and nutrient status in an impermeable saline Sodic Soil reclaimed with an improved drip irrigation while ridge planting lycium barbarum l
    Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2017
    Co-Authors: Shuqin Wan, Yaohu Kang, Tibin Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhan, Hao Feng
    Abstract:

    Purpose Takyric solonetz is spread widely across the arid area of northwest China. The extremely poor Soil structure and low hydraulic conductivity (Ks < 0.1 mm day−1) hinder its amelioration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Soil salt leaching characteristics, nutrient contents, and distributions in the impermeable saline–Sodic Soil reclaimed with an improved drip irrigation method, and to explore the impacting mechanisms of agronomic practices involved on the amelioration.

  • urease activity and its relationships to Soil physiochemical properties in a highly saline Sodic Soil
    Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2014
    Co-Authors: Tibin Zhang, Shuqin Wan, Yaohu Kang, H Feng
    Abstract:

    To ascertain the levels of urease activities (UA) and their relationships with Soil physicochemical properties in salt-affected Soils during reclamation, Soil transects of a saline-Sodic Soil with different planting years under drip irrigation were intensively sampled. An enhanced Soil UA in root zone (0-40 cm beneath drip emitter) was found as the planting years increased. In all transects, Soil UA ranged from 0.38 to 8.53 mu g NH4+-N released g(-1) dry Soil h(-1) at 37 degrees C, and showed a large spatial variability within transect. R-2 of multiple regressions increased gradually with planting years, indicating that variations in UA could be better predicted after amelioration. Path analysis showed that the negative direct effects of Soil pH on UA were clearly dominant, with the direct path coefficients of -0.357 similar to -0.666 (p < 0.05). Soil organic matter yielded greater positive indirect path coefficients through pH and total nitrogen. An exponential relationship was found between Soil UA and pH values (p < 0.01). Our findings demonstrate that after the cultivation under drip irrigation for 3 years, Soil biological activities and fertility level increased, with the decrease of Soil salinity and Sodicity.

  • alkaline phosphatase activity and its relationship to Soil properties in a saline Sodic Soil reclaimed by cropping wolfberry lycium barbarum l with drip irrigation
    Paddy and Water Environment, 2014
    Co-Authors: Tibin Zhang, Yaohu Kang, Shuhui Liu, Shiping Liu
    Abstract:

    In order to ascertain the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and its relationship with Soil properties in saline–Sodic Soils during reclamation, a study was conducted in a saline–Sodic Soil reclaimed by cropping wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) with drip irrigation, in Ningxia Plain, Northwest China. The Soil ECe, pH and SAR in 0–30 cm were 12.3 dS m−1, 9.4 and 44.1 (mmol/L)0.5, respectively. Soil transects with different planting years were intensively sampled, which had a wide gradient of salinity and Sodicity. Ranging from 1.1 to 42.4 μg g−1 h−1, Soil ALP activities increased with the increasing planting years, and showed a large spatial variability within transect. The higher ALP activities were always found beneath the drip emitters. More Soil physicochemical properties became related significantly to the ALP activities as the planting years increased, indicating that the ALP activities could be better predicted by other properties after reclamation. Path analyses showed that the negative direct effects of Soil pH on ALP activities became clearly dominant as the planting years increased. The positive effects of organic matter on ALP activities exerted indirectly, mainly through pH, total N, and available P. Soil ALP activities decreased exponentially with pH, which varied from 7.38 to 10.00. Our findings demonstrated that Soil pH was the limiting factor for improving Soil ALP activities in this saline–Sodic Soil, and after three planting years, Soil biological activities and fertility level increased significantly.

Phillip M. Chalk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • N_2 fixation by faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in a gypsum-amended Sodic Soil
    Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2009
    Co-Authors: Andrew P. Smith, Deli Chen, Phillip M. Chalk
    Abstract:

    The response of faba bean to the application of four rates of gypsum (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 t ha^−1) to a non-saline, alkaline Sodic Soil was measured in terms of grain yield, dry matter (DM) production, N accumulation and the proportional dependence of the legume on symbiotic N_2 fixation ( P _atm). A yield-independent, time-integrated ^15N-dilution model was used to estimate symbiotic dependence. A significant decrease in the exchangeable sodium percentage and significant increases in exchangeable Ca^++ and the Ca^++:Mg^++ ratio in the 0–10-cm Soil layer were measured 30 months after application of 10 t ha^−1 gypsum. Despite low and erratic rainfall during crop growth, faba bean DM and N uptake responded positively to gypsum application. The symbiotic dependence of the legume at physiological maturity was little affected by Sodicity ( P _atm = 0.74 at zero gypsum and 0.81–0.82 at 2.5–10 t ha^−1 gypsum). The increase in fixed N due to gypsum application was mainly due to increases in legume DM and total N uptake. At 10 t ha^−1 of gypsum, faba bean fixed more than 200 kg N ha^−1 in above-ground biomass.

  • n2 fixation by faba bean vicia faba l in a gypsum amended Sodic Soil
    Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2009
    Co-Authors: Andrew P. Smith, Deli Chen, Phillip M. Chalk
    Abstract:

    The response of faba bean to the application of four rates of gypsum (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 t ha−1) to a non-saline, alkaline Sodic Soil was measured in terms of grain yield, dry matter (DM) production, N accumulation and the proportional dependence of the legume on symbiotic N2 fixation (Patm). A yield-independent, time-integrated 15N-dilution model was used to estimate symbiotic dependence. A significant decrease in the exchangeable sodium percentage and significant increases in exchangeable Ca++ and the Ca++:Mg++ ratio in the 0–10-cm Soil layer were measured 30 months after application of 10 t ha−1 gypsum. Despite low and erratic rainfall during crop growth, faba bean DM and N uptake responded positively to gypsum application. The symbiotic dependence of the legume at physiological maturity was little affected by Sodicity (Patm = 0.74 at zero gypsum and 0.81–0.82 at 2.5–10 t ha−1 gypsum). The increase in fixed N due to gypsum application was mainly due to increases in legume DM and total N uptake. At 10 t ha−1 of gypsum, faba bean fixed more than 200 kg N ha−1 in above-ground biomass.

Hao Feng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.