The Experts below are selected from a list of 9162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Apostolos Tsapas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition and Cardiovascular Risk
Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:The choice of appropriate therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes is currently based on the effect of available pharmacologic agents on metabolic parameters. Beyond metformin, much uncertainty remains about the cardioprotective properties of several antidiabetic agents. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the latest addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for type 2 diabetes. Apart from effective glycemic control, these agents have also favorable effects on body weight and blood pressure. For dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, large cardiovascular outcome trials are still ongoing whereas for empagliflozin, recent findings show a remarkable reduction in cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality which is probably attributed to osmotic diuresis and the associated volume contraction. Awaiting clarification of the biologic mechanisms that underlie the effects of empagliflozin, future treatment algorithms might need to be revised in order to incorporate this compelling evidence.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that SGLT2 inhibitors had favorable effects on hemoglobin A1c...
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes a systematic review and meta analysis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:BACKGROUND: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception through April 2013 without language restrictions; regulatory authorities' reports; and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or other medication for type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers extracted or checked data for study characteristics, outcomes of interest, and risk of bias, and 3 reviewers summarized strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors were compared with placebo in 45 studies (n = 11 232) and with active comparators in 13 studies (n = 5175). They had a favorable effect on hemoglobin A1c level (mean difference vs. placebo, -0.66% [95% CI, -0.73% to -0.58%]; mean difference vs. active comparators, -0.06% [CI, -0.18% to 0.05%]). Sensitivity analyses incorporating unpublished data showed similar effect estimates. Compared with other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced body weight (mean difference, -1.80 kg [CI, -3.50 to -0.11 kg]) and systolic blood pressure (mean difference, -4.45 mm Hg [CI, -5.73 to -3.18 mm Hg]). Urinary and genital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] and 5.06 [CI, 3.44 to 7.45], respectively). Hypoglycemic risk was similar to that of other agents. Results for cardiovascular outcomes and death were inconclusive. An imbalance in incidence of bladder and breast cancer was noted with dapagliflozin compared with control. LIMITATION: Most trials were rated as high risk of bias because of missing data and last-observation-carried-forward methods. CONCLUSION: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors may improve short-term outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but effects on long-term outcomes and safety are unclear. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:BACKGROUND: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception through April 2013 without language restrictions; regulatory authorities' reports; and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or other medication for type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers extracted or checked data for study characteristics, outcomes of interest, and risk of bias, and 3 reviewers summarized strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors were compared with placebo in 45 studies (n = 11 232) and with active comparators in 13 studies (n = 5175). They had a favorable effect on hemoglobin A1c level (mean difference vs. placebo, -0.66% [95% CI, -0.73% to -0.58%]; mean difference vs. active comparators, -0.06% [CI, -0.18% to 0.05%]). Sensitivity analyses incorporating unpublished data showed similar effect estimates. Compared with other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced body weight (mean difference, -1.80 kg [CI, -3.50 to -0.11 kg]) and systolic blood pressure (mean difference, -4.45 mm Hg [CI, -5.73 to -3.18 mm Hg]). Urinary and genital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] and 5.06 [CI, 3.44 to 7.45], respectively). Hypoglycemic risk was similar to that of other agents. Results for cardiovascular outcomes and death were inconclusive. An imbalance in incidence of bladder and breast cancer was noted with dapagliflozin compared with control. LIMITATION: Most trials were rated as high risk of bias because of missing data and last-observation-carried-forward methods. CONCLUSION: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors may improve short-term outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but effects on long-term outcomes and safety are unclear. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
David Z.i. Cherney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition and renal ischemia: implications for future clinical trials.
Kidney International, 2018Co-Authors: Daniël H. Van Raalte, David Z.i. CherneyAbstract:Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors are increasingly being recognized for renal protective effects that are largely independent of hemoglobin A1c–lowering or glucosuria-related endpoints. Accordingly, there is growing interest in potential renal benefits with Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors in nondiabetic patients to take advantage of natriuresis-mediated effects on blood pressure, proteinuria, and renal function. In this issue of Kidney International, Zhang et al. report renoprotective effects with the Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitor lusogliflozin in an ischemia-reperfusion injury model under nondiabetic conditions, thereby providing important mechanistic insights into the use of these agents in chronic kidney disease.
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Do effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with diabetes give insight into potential use in non-diabetic kidney disease?
Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 2017Co-Authors: Harindra Rajasekeran, David Z.i. Cherney, Julie A. LovshinAbstract:Purpose of reviewOur aim was to review the rationale for the role of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) as renoprotective therapy in patients with and without diabetes.Recent findingsSGLT-2i are antihyperglycemic agents, approved for treating type 2 diabetes to reduce glycosylated h
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the treatment of diabetes mellitus cardiovascular and kidney effects potential mechanisms and clinical applications
Circulation, 2016Co-Authors: Hiddo J L Heerspink, Bruce A Perkins, David Fitchett, Mansoor Husain, David Z.i. CherneyAbstract:Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, including empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin, are now widely approved antihyperglycemic therapies. Because of their unique glycosuric...
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes the emerging role of natriuresis
Kidney International, 2016Co-Authors: Harindra Rajasekeran, Yuliya Lytvyn, David Z.i. CherneyAbstract:Inhibition of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 causes both glycosuria and natriuresis, leading to reductions in hyperglycemia, body weight, blood pressure, and proteinuria. The recently published EMPA-REG OUTCOME study demonstrated significant cardiovascular and mortality benefits of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, and may suggest a broader role for Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition in patients with heart failure.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes: the emerging role of natriuresis
Kidney International, 2016Co-Authors: Harindra Rajasekeran, Yuliya Lytvyn, David Z.i. CherneyAbstract:Inhibition of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 causes both glycosuria and natriuresis, leading to reductions in hyperglycemia, body weight, blood pressure, and proteinuria. The recently published EMPA-REG OUTCOME study demonstrated significant cardiovascular and mortality benefits of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, and may suggest a broader role for Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibition in patients with heart failure.
Aris Liakos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition and Cardiovascular Risk
Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:The choice of appropriate therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes is currently based on the effect of available pharmacologic agents on metabolic parameters. Beyond metformin, much uncertainty remains about the cardioprotective properties of several antidiabetic agents. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the latest addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for type 2 diabetes. Apart from effective glycemic control, these agents have also favorable effects on body weight and blood pressure. For dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, large cardiovascular outcome trials are still ongoing whereas for empagliflozin, recent findings show a remarkable reduction in cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality which is probably attributed to osmotic diuresis and the associated volume contraction. Awaiting clarification of the biologic mechanisms that underlie the effects of empagliflozin, future treatment algorithms might need to be revised in order to incorporate this compelling evidence.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that SGLT2 inhibitors had favorable effects on hemoglobin A1c...
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes a systematic review and meta analysis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:BACKGROUND: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception through April 2013 without language restrictions; regulatory authorities' reports; and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or other medication for type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers extracted or checked data for study characteristics, outcomes of interest, and risk of bias, and 3 reviewers summarized strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors were compared with placebo in 45 studies (n = 11 232) and with active comparators in 13 studies (n = 5175). They had a favorable effect on hemoglobin A1c level (mean difference vs. placebo, -0.66% [95% CI, -0.73% to -0.58%]; mean difference vs. active comparators, -0.06% [CI, -0.18% to 0.05%]). Sensitivity analyses incorporating unpublished data showed similar effect estimates. Compared with other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced body weight (mean difference, -1.80 kg [CI, -3.50 to -0.11 kg]) and systolic blood pressure (mean difference, -4.45 mm Hg [CI, -5.73 to -3.18 mm Hg]). Urinary and genital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] and 5.06 [CI, 3.44 to 7.45], respectively). Hypoglycemic risk was similar to that of other agents. Results for cardiovascular outcomes and death were inconclusive. An imbalance in incidence of bladder and breast cancer was noted with dapagliflozin compared with control. LIMITATION: Most trials were rated as high risk of bias because of missing data and last-observation-carried-forward methods. CONCLUSION: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors may improve short-term outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but effects on long-term outcomes and safety are unclear. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:BACKGROUND: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception through April 2013 without language restrictions; regulatory authorities' reports; and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or other medication for type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers extracted or checked data for study characteristics, outcomes of interest, and risk of bias, and 3 reviewers summarized strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors were compared with placebo in 45 studies (n = 11 232) and with active comparators in 13 studies (n = 5175). They had a favorable effect on hemoglobin A1c level (mean difference vs. placebo, -0.66% [95% CI, -0.73% to -0.58%]; mean difference vs. active comparators, -0.06% [CI, -0.18% to 0.05%]). Sensitivity analyses incorporating unpublished data showed similar effect estimates. Compared with other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced body weight (mean difference, -1.80 kg [CI, -3.50 to -0.11 kg]) and systolic blood pressure (mean difference, -4.45 mm Hg [CI, -5.73 to -3.18 mm Hg]). Urinary and genital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] and 5.06 [CI, 3.44 to 7.45], respectively). Hypoglycemic risk was similar to that of other agents. Results for cardiovascular outcomes and death were inconclusive. An imbalance in incidence of bladder and breast cancer was noted with dapagliflozin compared with control. LIMITATION: Most trials were rated as high risk of bias because of missing data and last-observation-carried-forward methods. CONCLUSION: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors may improve short-term outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but effects on long-term outcomes and safety are unclear. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
Eleni Bekiari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition and Cardiovascular Risk
Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:The choice of appropriate therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes is currently based on the effect of available pharmacologic agents on metabolic parameters. Beyond metformin, much uncertainty remains about the cardioprotective properties of several antidiabetic agents. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the latest addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for type 2 diabetes. Apart from effective glycemic control, these agents have also favorable effects on body weight and blood pressure. For dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, large cardiovascular outcome trials are still ongoing whereas for empagliflozin, recent findings show a remarkable reduction in cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality which is probably attributed to osmotic diuresis and the associated volume contraction. Awaiting clarification of the biologic mechanisms that underlie the effects of empagliflozin, future treatment algorithms might need to be revised in order to incorporate this compelling evidence.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that SGLT2 inhibitors had favorable effects on hemoglobin A1c...
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes a systematic review and meta analysis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:BACKGROUND: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception through April 2013 without language restrictions; regulatory authorities' reports; and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or other medication for type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers extracted or checked data for study characteristics, outcomes of interest, and risk of bias, and 3 reviewers summarized strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors were compared with placebo in 45 studies (n = 11 232) and with active comparators in 13 studies (n = 5175). They had a favorable effect on hemoglobin A1c level (mean difference vs. placebo, -0.66% [95% CI, -0.73% to -0.58%]; mean difference vs. active comparators, -0.06% [CI, -0.18% to 0.05%]). Sensitivity analyses incorporating unpublished data showed similar effect estimates. Compared with other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced body weight (mean difference, -1.80 kg [CI, -3.50 to -0.11 kg]) and systolic blood pressure (mean difference, -4.45 mm Hg [CI, -5.73 to -3.18 mm Hg]). Urinary and genital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] and 5.06 [CI, 3.44 to 7.45], respectively). Hypoglycemic risk was similar to that of other agents. Results for cardiovascular outcomes and death were inconclusive. An imbalance in incidence of bladder and breast cancer was noted with dapagliflozin compared with control. LIMITATION: Most trials were rated as high risk of bias because of missing data and last-observation-carried-forward methods. CONCLUSION: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors may improve short-term outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but effects on long-term outcomes and safety are unclear. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Despoina Vasilakou, Thomas Karagiannis, Eleni Athanasiadou, Maria Mainou, Aris Liakos, Eleni Bekiari, Maria Sarigianni, David R. Matthews, Apostolos TsapasAbstract:BACKGROUND: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception through April 2013 without language restrictions; regulatory authorities' reports; and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials comparing SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or other medication for type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers extracted or checked data for study characteristics, outcomes of interest, and risk of bias, and 3 reviewers summarized strength of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors were compared with placebo in 45 studies (n = 11 232) and with active comparators in 13 studies (n = 5175). They had a favorable effect on hemoglobin A1c level (mean difference vs. placebo, -0.66% [95% CI, -0.73% to -0.58%]; mean difference vs. active comparators, -0.06% [CI, -0.18% to 0.05%]). Sensitivity analyses incorporating unpublished data showed similar effect estimates. Compared with other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced body weight (mean difference, -1.80 kg [CI, -3.50 to -0.11 kg]) and systolic blood pressure (mean difference, -4.45 mm Hg [CI, -5.73 to -3.18 mm Hg]). Urinary and genital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] and 5.06 [CI, 3.44 to 7.45], respectively). Hypoglycemic risk was similar to that of other agents. Results for cardiovascular outcomes and death were inconclusive. An imbalance in incidence of bladder and breast cancer was noted with dapagliflozin compared with control. LIMITATION: Most trials were rated as high risk of bias because of missing data and last-observation-carried-forward methods. CONCLUSION: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors may improve short-term outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but effects on long-term outcomes and safety are unclear. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
Simeon I Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: Lack of a Complete History Delays Diagnosis
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Bruce R. Leslie, Leslie E. Gerwin, Simeon I TaylorAbstract:On 15 May 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned that administration of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors could lead to ketoacidosis in patients with diabetes mell...
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Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors a case study in translational research
Diabetes, 2019Co-Authors: Amber L. Beitelshees, Bruce R. Leslie, Simeon I TaylorAbstract:Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the most recently approved class of diabetes drugs. Unlike other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors act on the kidney to promote urinary Glucose excretion. SGLT2 inhibitors provide multiple benefits, including decreased HbA1c, body weight, and blood pressure. These drugs have received special attention because they decrease the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and slow progression of diabetic kidney disease (1-3). Balanced against these impressive benefits, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved prescribing information describes a long list of side effects: genitourinary infections, ketoacidosis, bone fractures, amputations, acute kidney injury, perineal necrotizing fasciitis, and hyperkalemia. This review provides a physiological perspective to understanding the multiple actions of these drugs complemented by a clinical perspective toward balancing benefits and risks.
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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: A Case Study in Translational Research
Diabetes, 2019Co-Authors: Amber L. Beitelshees, Bruce R. Leslie, Simeon I TaylorAbstract:Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the most recently approved class of diabetes drugs. Unlike other agents, SGLT2 inhibitors act on the kidney to promote urinary Glucose excretion. SGLT2 inhibitors provide multiple benefits, including decreased HbA1c, body weight, and blood pressure. These drugs have received special attention because they decrease the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and slow progression of diabetic kidney disease (1-3). Balanced against these impressive benefits, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved prescribing information describes a long list of side effects: genitourinary infections, ketoacidosis, bone fractures, amputations, acute kidney injury, perineal necrotizing fasciitis, and hyperkalemia. This review provides a physiological perspective to understanding the multiple actions of these drugs complemented by a clinical perspective toward balancing benefits and risks.
