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Anwar, Ea Kosman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efektivitas Cacing Tanah Pheretima hupiensis, Edrellus sp. dan Lumbricus sp. dalam Proses Dekomposisi Bahan Organik
UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG, 2019Co-Authors: Anwar, Ea KosmanAbstract:Effectivity of the Earthworms Pheretima hupiensis, Eudrellus sp. and Lumbricus sp. on the Organic Matter Decomposition Process (E.K. Anwar): The earthworms are the one of Soil fauna component in Soil ecosystem have an important role in organic matter decomposition procces. The earthworm feed plant leaf and plant matter up to apart and dissolved. Earthworm metabolisms produce like faeces that mixed with decomposed organic matter mean vermicompost. The vermicompost fertility varies because of some kind of earthworm differ in “niche” and attitude. The experiment was to study the effectivity of earthworm on organic matter decomposition which has been conducted in Soil Biological and Healthy Laboratory and Green House of Soil Research Institute Bogor, during 2006 Budget Year. The three kind of earthworms i.e Pheretima hupiensis, Lumbricus sp. and Eudrellus sp. combined with three kind of organic matter sources i.e rice straw, trash and palm oil plant waste (compost heap). The result shows that the Lumbricus sp. are the most effective decomposer compared to Pheretima hupiensis and Eudrellus sp. and the organic matter decomposed by Lumbricus sp. as followed: market waste was decomposed of 100%, palm oil empty fruit bunch (compost heap) 95.8 % and rice straw 84.9%, respectively. Earthworm effectively decreased Fe, Al, Mn, Cu dan Zn
Ea Kosman Anwar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efektivitas cacing tanah pheretima hupiensis edrellus sp dan lumbricus sp dalam proses dekomposisi bahan organik
Journal of Tropical Soils, 2013Co-Authors: Ea Kosman AnwarAbstract:The earthworms are the one of Soil fauna component in Soil ecosystem have an important role in organic matter decomposition procces. The earthworm feed plant leaf and plant matter up to apart and dissolved. Earthworm metabolisms produce like faeces that mixed with decomposed organic matter mean vermicompost. The vermicompost fertility varies because of some kind of earthworm differ in "niche" and attitude. The experiment was to study the effectivity of earthworm on organic matter decomposition which has been conducted in Soil Biological and Healthy Laboratory and Green House of Soil Research Institute Bogor, during 2006 Budget Year. The three kind of earthworms i.e Pheretima hupiensis, Lumbricus sp. and Eudrellus sp. combined with three kind of organic matter sources i.e rice straw, trash and palm oil plant waste (compost heap). The result shows that the Lumbricus sp. are the most effective decomposer compared to Pheretima hupiensis and Eudrellus sp. and the organic matter decomposed by Lumbricus sp. as followed: market waste was decomposed of 100%, palm oil empty fruit bunch (compost heap) 95.8 % and rice straw 84.9%, respectively. Earthworm effectively decreased Fe, Al, Mn, Cu dan Zn.
Nursyamsi Dedi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationship to Total Soil Bacteria, Soil Microbial Biomass and Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Farming
'Journal of Tropical Soils', 2019Co-Authors: Aziz, Muhammad Abdul, Hazra Fahrizal, Salma Selly, Nursyamsi DediAbstract:Soil properties such as physical, chemical, biological, microbiological and biochemical aspects affect on Soil quality. Soil microbiological activities directly affect stability of ecosystems and Soil fertility. The Research aimed to determine Soil microbial activities through Soil enzyme activities and their relationship to total Soil bacteria, Soil microbial biomass, and Soil chemical characteristics. The Research was conducted at Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Bogor from July 2015 to January 2016. Soil samples 0-10 cm depth were taken from organic and conventional farming of some commodities (tomato, carrot, maize, broccoli) from Bogor Regency, while those of rice were taken from Tasikmalaya Regency. Soil dehydrogenase, urease and cellulase activities were determined using some modified methods. The results showed that Soil dehydrogenase and cellulase activities in organic farming were higher than those in conventional farming, whereas the Soil urease activity in organic farming was lower than that in conventional farming. The total Soil bacteria and Soil microbial biomass were significantly and positively correlated with Soil dehydrogenase, urease, and cellulose activities. Soil dehydrogenase, urease, and cellulose activities were very significantly and positively correlated with all Soil characteristics tested, i.e. Soil organic C, total N, potential P and K, available P and K, CEC, and pH, except that Soil urease activity was very significantly and negatively correlated with Soil pH. The results of this Research indicated that organic farming is recommended for maintaining Soil fertility and plant productivity; however, small use of urea fertilizer is still needed in the farming
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Sifat-sifat Kimia dan Mineralogi Tanah serta Kaitannya dengan Kebutuhan Pupuk untuk Padi (Oryza sativa), Jagung (Zea mays), dan Kedelai (Glycine max)
'Department of Agronomy and Horticulture', 2010Co-Authors: Nursyamsi DediAbstract:Laboratory experiment was conducted to identify Soil chemical and mineralogical characteristics from topSoil (0-20 cm) of Inceptisols, Oxisols, Vertisols, and Andisols, as well as its relationship with the requirement of NPK, lime, and organic matter fertilizers for rice, maize, and soybean at laboratory of Indonesian Soil Research Institute and Soil Science Department of Bogor Agricultural University. The result showed that Inceptisols was dominated by kaolinite (1:1), Oxisols by kaolinite and goethite (hydroxide), and Vertisols by smectite (2:1). Andisols had kaolinite and crystobalite (oxide) minerals in it, while amorphous materials could not be detected through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. The Soil reaction of Inceptisols, Oxisols, and Andisols was acid; exchangeable (exch) Ca and Mg, the contents of K and P, as well as base saturation (BS) of the Soils were low. On the contrary, the Soil reaction of Vertisols was neutral; exch. Al and H were very low, whereas exch. Ca and Mg, the contents of K and P, as well as base saturation (BS) of the Soil were high. Both Vertisols and Andisols had high cation exchange capacity (CEC) which was from permanent charge in Vertisols and from variable charge (organic matter) in Andisols. Fertilizer requirement for crops in the Soil was affected by land use system, plant species, Soil nutrient content and its behavior in the Soil system. Key words: Soil characteristics, fertilizer, rice, maize, soybean.
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NH4+, dan Fe3+ terhadap Ketersediaan K Jerapan dan Pengaruh Na+, NH4+ pada Tanah-tanah yang Didominasi Mineral Liat Smektit
UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG, 2009Co-Authors: Nursyamsi Dedi, Idris Komaruddin, Sabiham Supiandi, Rachim, Djunaedi Abdul, Sofyan AgusAbstract:Total content of potassium in smectitic Soils is commonly high, however its availability for plant growth is frequently problem because it is fixed at interlayer space of 2:1 type of clay mineral. The Research was aimed to study the sorption and effect of Na+, NH +, and Fe3+ on Soil available K at smectitic Soils. It was conducted in Laboratory of Research and Soil Test, Indonesian Soil Research Institute by using four of Soil samples taken from Bogor (Typic Hapludalfs), Cilacap (Chromic Endoaquerts), Ngawi (Typic Endoaquerts), and Blora (Typic Haplustalfs). Incubation experiment used Randomized Completely Block Design, 4 treatments, and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of without cation, application of Na+, NH +, and Fe3+ from NaCl, NH Cl, and FeCl respectively at 50% of maximum adsorption level. The results showed that Soil sorption, buffering capacity, and maximum sorption of Fe3+ were higher than NH + and Na+, while the variables of NH + were similar with those of Na+. Among the treatments,bond energy constant was in order of Na+ > Fe3+ > NH + at Alfisols and it was in order of Fe3+ > Na+ > NH + at Vertisols. Among the Soils, the Soil sorption, buffering capacity, and maximum sorption were in order of Vertisols > Alfisols. The application of Na+ significantly increased Soil soluble-K at Chromic Endoaquerts and Typic Endoaquerts; NH + significantly increased Soil exchangeable K at Typic Hapludalfs, Chromic Endoaquerts, and Typic Endoaquerts; while Fe3+ significantly increased both variables in all tested Soils
Dedi Nursyamsi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Agriculture
University of Lampung, 2016Co-Authors: Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Fahrizal Hazra, Selly Salma, Dedi NursyamsiAbstract:Use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on intensive land of both lowland and upland food crops have been shown to increase agricultural productivity significantly. Research aimed to study Soil chemical characteristics and Soil pesticide residues at some crops of organic and conventional farms. The Research was carried out in Laboratory of Soil Chemistry, Indonesian Soil Research Institute and in Laboratory of Agrochemical Residue, Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Bogor from February to July 2015. Soil samples at 0-10 cm depth were taken compositely from broccoli (Brassica oleracea), carrots (Daucus carota), maize (Zea mays), and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) farms in Bogor Regency as well as from rice field in Tasikmalaya Regency at both organic and conventional farms. Soil chemical characteristics were analyzed include: Soil organic-C (Walkey and Black), total-N (Kjeldahl), potential-P (HCl 25%), available-P (Olsen), potential-K (HCl 25%), available-K (NH4OAc 1 N pH 7), CEC (NH4OAc 1 N pH 7), and pH (Soil : water = 1: 5), while pesticide residues included levels of organochlorine (lindane, aldrin, heptaklor, dieldrin, DDT, endosulfan); organophosphates (diazinon, fenitrotin, metidation, paration, profenofos); and carbamates (carbofuran, MIPC, BPMC) in the Soil by using Gas Chromatography method. Results showed that levels of Soil organic-C, total-N, potential and available-P, potential and available-K, CEC, pH at organic farms were higher than those at conventional farms. Some pesticide residues compound (organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates) were detected at conventional farm, while those at organic farm were not detected (trace)
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Identification of Nutrient Deficiencies at Calcareous Soils for Maize
University of Lampung, 2010Co-Authors: Dedi NursyamsiAbstract:A pot experiment was conducted to identify nutrient deficiencies at calcareous Soils for maize (Zea mays, L.) in green house of Indonesian Soil Research Institute using top Soil (0-20 cm) samples taken from Bogor (Typic Hapludalfs) and Blora (Typic Haplustalfs). The experiment used Randomized Completely Block Design, minus one test with 12 treatments and three replications, as well as maize of P21 variety as plant indicator. The results showed that use of N, P, K, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn fertilizers increased Soil macro nutrients, i.e.: Soil total-N, Olsen-P, HCl-P, and HCl-K, as well as Soil micro nutrients, i.e.: Soil DTPA-Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn at both tested Soils. Use of maize straw compost increased Soil organic-C, total-N, HCl-K, and exchangeable Ca at Typic Hapludalfs and increased only Soil organic-C and total-N at Typic Haplustalfs. Use of animal manure compost increased Soil organic-C, exchangeable Ca and Mg, and CEC. Use of N, P, K, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn fertilizers increased each plant nutrients uptake at the Soils. Use of both organic matters increased plant N, P, K, and Fe uptake at Typic Hapludalfs as well as increased only plant N, P, and K uptake at Typic Haplustalfs. Identification result showed that maize growth suffered from N, P, and K deficiencies at Typic Hapludalfs as well as N and P deficiencies at Typic Haplustalfs. Beside the nutrients, Soil organic matter was also found out as limiting factor for maize growth in the Soils
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Jerapan dan Pengaruh Na+, NH4 +, dan Fe3+ terhadap Ketersediaan K pada Tanah-tanah yang Didominasi Mineral Liat Smektit
University of Lampung, 2009Co-Authors: Dedi Nursyamsi, Komaruddin Idris, Supiandi Sabiham, Djunaedi Abdul Rachim, Agus SofyanAbstract:Total content of potassium in smectitic Soils is commonly high, however its availability for plant growth is frequently problem because it is fixed at interlayer space of 2:1 type of clay mineral. The Research was aimed to study the sorption and effect of Na+, NH4+, and Fe3+ on Soil available K at smectitic Soils. It was conducted in Laboratory of Research and Soil Test, Indonesian Soil Research Institute by using four of Soil samples taken from Bogor (Typic Hapludalfs), Cilacap (Chromic Endoaquerts), Ngawi (Typic Endoaquerts), and Blora (Typic Haplustalfs). Incubation experiment used Randomized Completely Block Design, 4 treatments, and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of without cation, application of Na+, NH4+, and Fe3+ from NaCl, NH4Cl, and FeCl3 respectively at 50% of maximum adsorption level. The results showed that Soil sorption, buffering capacity, and maximum sorption of Fe3+ were higher than NH4+ and Na+, while the variables of NH4+ were similar with those of Na+. Among the treatments, bond energy constant was in order of Na+ > Fe3+ > NH4+ at Alfisols and it was in order of Fe3+ > Na+ > NH4+ at Vertisols. Among the Soils, the Soil sorption, buffering capacity, and maximum sorption were in order of Vertisols > Alfisols. The application of Na+ significantly increased Soil soluble-K at Chromic Endoaquerts and Typic Endoaquerts; NH4+ significantly increased Soil exchangeable K at Typic Hapludalfs, Chromic Endoaquerts, and Typic Endoaquerts; while Fe3+ significantly increased both variables in all tested Soils
R Webster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of variance inference multiple comparisons and sampling effects in Soil Research
European Journal of Soil Science, 2007Co-Authors: R WebsterAbstract:Summary The analysis of variance is a crucial step in extracting information from efficiently designed experiments and surveys in Soil science. It is only the beginning, however. From it, follow the standard errors (SEs) of means, SEs of differences and other effects provided by experiments, which in turn lead to tests of significance. Use the simple least significant difference (LSD) at some acceptable probability for testing comparisons of individual means. Do not use experiment-wise multiple comparison tests. In experiments with graded treatments do not make multiple comparisons of any kind; instead fit a response curve and analyse the data by regression. Sampling fluctuation within experimental units and surveys contributes short-range variation to the residual variance of measured Soil properties and increases errors. Diminish this contribution either by replicate sampling and measurement within plots or by bulking before measurement. Sample all replicates in the field; sampling in the laboratory (pseudo-replication) is no substitute. In almost all investigations the mean values for experimental treatments and survey classes are the most important outcomes. So report them with their SEs; readers will then be able to make of them what they will. L’analyse de variance, inference, comparaisons multiples et des effets d’echantillonage dans la recherche du sol Resume L’analyse de variance est une etape cruciale pour extraire des informations pertinentes des experiences et prospections conues en science du sol. Neanmoins, elle ne constitue qu’un commencement. D’elle proviennent les ecart-types des moyennes, les ecart-types des differences et d’autres parametres issus d’experiences, dont la connaissance conduit aux tests de signification. Pour tester les differences entre couples de moyennes, il faut utiliser la plus petite difference significative simple et eviter les tests de comparaisons multiples entre l’ensemble des moyennes d’une experience. Dans les experiences qui comprennent des traitements progressifs il ne faut pas faire des comparaisons entre les differents niveaux des traitements, mais ajuster une courbe de reponse puis analyser les donnees par regression. La fluctuation d’echantillonnage dans les unites experimentales et les prospections contribue aux variations a courte distance au sein de la variance residuelle des proprietes du sol mesurees et augmente les erreurs. Cette contribution est reduite par un echantillonnage avec repetitions des mesures dans les parcelles ou par creation d’echantillons composites avant mesure. Les repetitions doivent etre effectuees au champ; l’echantillonnage au laboratoire (pseudo-replication) n’est pas un substitut. Dans presque toutes les investigations les moyennes des traitements experimentaux et des classes de sols sont les plus importantes. Il faut donc les estimer avec leurs ecarts-types; les lecteurs pourront ensuite effectuer leurs propres inferences.
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statistics to support Soil Research and their presentation
European Journal of Soil Science, 2001Co-Authors: R WebsterAbstract:Beaucoup de recherche en science du sol utilise les statistiques pour confirmer les impressions et interpretations dans les champs et en laboratoire. De nombreux scientifiques manquent de formation en methodes statistiques, et en consequence appliquent les techniques les plus elementaires dans un contexte errone et sans comprehension. Cet article se concentre sur les abus et les malentendus les plus courants et indique l'utilisation correcte. Il differencie la variance et l'ecart type pour mesurer la dispersion de l'erreur standard qui indique la confiance que l'on peut avoir dans les moyennes. Il souligne l'importance de presenter les moyennes et les differences entre elles par opposition a la significance statistique, qui est au mieux d'un interet secondaire. Il incite les lecteurs a examiner leurs donnees de pres et a les explorer avant de decider d'effectuer toute transformation en vue d'analyses plus formelles, et il met en evidence ce que l'on peut achever en utilisant des logarithmes des variables individuelles et des composantes principales des donnees multivariables.