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J M Faci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Salinization as a threat to the sustainability of deficit irrigation under present and expected climate change scenarios
Irrigation Science, 2015Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, W Zribi, Jorge Alvarofuentes, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation (DI) strategies using moderately saline waters save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization. Based on data gathered during years 2007–2012 in three drip-irrigated grapevine, peach, and nectarine crops subjected to several irrigation and Soil-mulching treatments, we assessed trends in root-zone Soil salinity [saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe)], related the changes in Soil salinity (ΔECe) to field-wide leaching fraction (LF), evaluated management strategies for Soil salinity control, and examined the sustainability of DI strategies under present and expected climate change (CC) scenarios in the Middle Ebro River Basin (ERB, Spain). ECe increased in 82 % of the irrigation seasons and decreased in 75 % of the non-irrigation seasons examined. Soil Salinization trends were not apparent during the study years due to these annual salt accumulation–salt leaching cycles. ECe increases were higher in the more severe DI treatments and in the geotextile-mulched Soil and lower in the full and less severe irrigation treatments and in the organic-mulched Soil. As expected, ΔECe and LF were linearly and negatively correlated (P < 0.01), indicating that Soil Salinization increased with decreasing LF. These linear relationships provided a way to evaluate best management strategies (increased irrigation, rainfall harvesting, and Soil mulching) for Soil salinity control. These strategies decreased Soil Salinization, but did not guarantee the sustainability of severe DIs in the study area. The application of these relationships to the CC precipitation and crop evapotranspiration projections in the ERB shows that the examined DI strategies will be unsustainable due to Soil Salinization.
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effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated ( p −1 . Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC = 1.1 dS m −1 ) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
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effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with WD and LF calculated for the periods between sampling dates. These parameters were therefore suitable to estimate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity and sodicity control. Peach trees were unaffected by the irrigation treatments, but yield productivity tended to decline above a threshold ECe of 4dSm−1. Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC=1.1dSm−1) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7dSm−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4dSm−1 and 6.1 (mmoll−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0dSm−1 and 8.6 (mmoll−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (<0.1%), but leaf Cl concentrations were higher and the maximum value of 0.61% measured in the more severe Crimson RDI treatment was within the interval reported as toxic in grapevine. Despite the water saving benefits of drip irrigation in combination with deficit irrigation strategies, its implementation in low-precipitation semiarid areas must be cautiously assessed and monitored because Soil Salinization and sodification may threaten the sustainability and profitability of these grapevine orchards irrigated with moderately saline waters.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7 dS m−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4 dS m−1 and 6.1 (mmol l−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0 dS m−1 and 8.6 (mmol l−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (
R Aragues - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Salinization as a threat to the sustainability of deficit irrigation under present and expected climate change scenarios
Irrigation Science, 2015Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, W Zribi, Jorge Alvarofuentes, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation (DI) strategies using moderately saline waters save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization. Based on data gathered during years 2007–2012 in three drip-irrigated grapevine, peach, and nectarine crops subjected to several irrigation and Soil-mulching treatments, we assessed trends in root-zone Soil salinity [saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe)], related the changes in Soil salinity (ΔECe) to field-wide leaching fraction (LF), evaluated management strategies for Soil salinity control, and examined the sustainability of DI strategies under present and expected climate change (CC) scenarios in the Middle Ebro River Basin (ERB, Spain). ECe increased in 82 % of the irrigation seasons and decreased in 75 % of the non-irrigation seasons examined. Soil Salinization trends were not apparent during the study years due to these annual salt accumulation–salt leaching cycles. ECe increases were higher in the more severe DI treatments and in the geotextile-mulched Soil and lower in the full and less severe irrigation treatments and in the organic-mulched Soil. As expected, ΔECe and LF were linearly and negatively correlated (P < 0.01), indicating that Soil Salinization increased with decreasing LF. These linear relationships provided a way to evaluate best management strategies (increased irrigation, rainfall harvesting, and Soil mulching) for Soil salinity control. These strategies decreased Soil Salinization, but did not guarantee the sustainability of severe DIs in the study area. The application of these relationships to the CC precipitation and crop evapotranspiration projections in the ERB shows that the examined DI strategies will be unsustainable due to Soil Salinization.
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effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated ( p −1 . Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC = 1.1 dS m −1 ) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
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effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with WD and LF calculated for the periods between sampling dates. These parameters were therefore suitable to estimate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity and sodicity control. Peach trees were unaffected by the irrigation treatments, but yield productivity tended to decline above a threshold ECe of 4dSm−1. Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC=1.1dSm−1) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7dSm−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4dSm−1 and 6.1 (mmoll−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0dSm−1 and 8.6 (mmoll−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (<0.1%), but leaf Cl concentrations were higher and the maximum value of 0.61% measured in the more severe Crimson RDI treatment was within the interval reported as toxic in grapevine. Despite the water saving benefits of drip irrigation in combination with deficit irrigation strategies, its implementation in low-precipitation semiarid areas must be cautiously assessed and monitored because Soil Salinization and sodification may threaten the sustainability and profitability of these grapevine orchards irrigated with moderately saline waters.
-
regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7 dS m−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4 dS m−1 and 6.1 (mmol l−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0 dS m−1 and 8.6 (mmol l−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (
E T Medina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Salinization as a threat to the sustainability of deficit irrigation under present and expected climate change scenarios
Irrigation Science, 2015Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, W Zribi, Jorge Alvarofuentes, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation (DI) strategies using moderately saline waters save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization. Based on data gathered during years 2007–2012 in three drip-irrigated grapevine, peach, and nectarine crops subjected to several irrigation and Soil-mulching treatments, we assessed trends in root-zone Soil salinity [saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe)], related the changes in Soil salinity (ΔECe) to field-wide leaching fraction (LF), evaluated management strategies for Soil salinity control, and examined the sustainability of DI strategies under present and expected climate change (CC) scenarios in the Middle Ebro River Basin (ERB, Spain). ECe increased in 82 % of the irrigation seasons and decreased in 75 % of the non-irrigation seasons examined. Soil Salinization trends were not apparent during the study years due to these annual salt accumulation–salt leaching cycles. ECe increases were higher in the more severe DI treatments and in the geotextile-mulched Soil and lower in the full and less severe irrigation treatments and in the organic-mulched Soil. As expected, ΔECe and LF were linearly and negatively correlated (P < 0.01), indicating that Soil Salinization increased with decreasing LF. These linear relationships provided a way to evaluate best management strategies (increased irrigation, rainfall harvesting, and Soil mulching) for Soil salinity control. These strategies decreased Soil Salinization, but did not guarantee the sustainability of severe DIs in the study area. The application of these relationships to the CC precipitation and crop evapotranspiration projections in the ERB shows that the examined DI strategies will be unsustainable due to Soil Salinization.
-
effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated ( p −1 . Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC = 1.1 dS m −1 ) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
-
effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with WD and LF calculated for the periods between sampling dates. These parameters were therefore suitable to estimate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity and sodicity control. Peach trees were unaffected by the irrigation treatments, but yield productivity tended to decline above a threshold ECe of 4dSm−1. Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC=1.1dSm−1) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7dSm−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4dSm−1 and 6.1 (mmoll−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0dSm−1 and 8.6 (mmoll−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (<0.1%), but leaf Cl concentrations were higher and the maximum value of 0.61% measured in the more severe Crimson RDI treatment was within the interval reported as toxic in grapevine. Despite the water saving benefits of drip irrigation in combination with deficit irrigation strategies, its implementation in low-precipitation semiarid areas must be cautiously assessed and monitored because Soil Salinization and sodification may threaten the sustainability and profitability of these grapevine orchards irrigated with moderately saline waters.
-
regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7 dS m−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4 dS m−1 and 6.1 (mmol l−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0 dS m−1 and 8.6 (mmol l−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (
Antonio Martinezcob - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated ( p −1 . Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC = 1.1 dS m −1 ) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
-
effects of deficit irrigation strategies on Soil Salinization and sodification in a semiarid drip irrigated peach orchard
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation strategies save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization and sodification when irrigated with low-quality waters. The objectives of this five-year study performed in the middle Ebro Basin (Spain) were to quantify these processes and assess their potential deleterious impact on the response of peach trees subjected to full irrigation (FULL), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, irrigated at 62.5% of FULL) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, irrigated at 50% of FULL in Stage II of fruit development). In relation to FULL, water savings were 40% in SDI and 9% in RDI. Soil salinity (ECe), chloride concentration (Cle) and sodicity (SARe) measured in the saturation extract of 480 Soil samples generally increased in the irrigation seasons, particularly in the more severe deficit irrigation strategy (SDI). These increases were counteracted by the leaching of salts induced by high leaching fractions (LF) and low water deficits (WD) attained during the non irrigation seasons. The changes in ECe, Cle and SARe measured between sampling dates were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with WD and LF calculated for the periods between sampling dates. These parameters were therefore suitable to estimate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity and sodicity control. Peach trees were unaffected by the irrigation treatments, but yield productivity tended to decline above a threshold ECe of 4dSm−1. Under the irrigation salinity (mean EC=1.1dSm−1) and the semiarid climatic characteristics of the study area, the three examined irrigation strategies proved to be sustainable in the five studied years.
-
regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7dSm−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4dSm−1 and 6.1 (mmoll−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0dSm−1 and 8.6 (mmoll−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (<0.1%), but leaf Cl concentrations were higher and the maximum value of 0.61% measured in the more severe Crimson RDI treatment was within the interval reported as toxic in grapevine. Despite the water saving benefits of drip irrigation in combination with deficit irrigation strategies, its implementation in low-precipitation semiarid areas must be cautiously assessed and monitored because Soil Salinization and sodification may threaten the sustainability and profitability of these grapevine orchards irrigated with moderately saline waters.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7 dS m−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4 dS m−1 and 6.1 (mmol l−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0 dS m−1 and 8.6 (mmol l−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (
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Soil Salinization as a threat to the sustainability of deficit irrigation under present and expected climate change scenarios
Irrigation Science, 2015Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, W Zribi, Jorge Alvarofuentes, J M FaciAbstract:Deficit irrigation (DI) strategies using moderately saline waters save water, but may enhance Soil Salinization. Based on data gathered during years 2007–2012 in three drip-irrigated grapevine, peach, and nectarine crops subjected to several irrigation and Soil-mulching treatments, we assessed trends in root-zone Soil salinity [saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe)], related the changes in Soil salinity (ΔECe) to field-wide leaching fraction (LF), evaluated management strategies for Soil salinity control, and examined the sustainability of DI strategies under present and expected climate change (CC) scenarios in the Middle Ebro River Basin (ERB, Spain). ECe increased in 82 % of the irrigation seasons and decreased in 75 % of the non-irrigation seasons examined. Soil Salinization trends were not apparent during the study years due to these annual salt accumulation–salt leaching cycles. ECe increases were higher in the more severe DI treatments and in the geotextile-mulched Soil and lower in the full and less severe irrigation treatments and in the organic-mulched Soil. As expected, ΔECe and LF were linearly and negatively correlated (P < 0.01), indicating that Soil Salinization increased with decreasing LF. These linear relationships provided a way to evaluate best management strategies (increased irrigation, rainfall harvesting, and Soil mulching) for Soil salinity control. These strategies decreased Soil Salinization, but did not guarantee the sustainability of severe DIs in the study area. The application of these relationships to the CC precipitation and crop evapotranspiration projections in the ERB shows that the examined DI strategies will be unsustainable due to Soil Salinization.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7dSm−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4dSm−1 and 6.1 (mmoll−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0dSm−1 and 8.6 (mmoll−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (<0.1%), but leaf Cl concentrations were higher and the maximum value of 0.61% measured in the more severe Crimson RDI treatment was within the interval reported as toxic in grapevine. Despite the water saving benefits of drip irrigation in combination with deficit irrigation strategies, its implementation in low-precipitation semiarid areas must be cautiously assessed and monitored because Soil Salinization and sodification may threaten the sustainability and profitability of these grapevine orchards irrigated with moderately saline waters.
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regulated deficit irrigation Soil Salinization and Soil sodification in a table grape vineyard drip irrigated with moderately saline waters
Agricultural Water Management, 2014Co-Authors: R Aragues, E T Medina, I Claveria, Antonio Martinezcob, J M FaciAbstract:Abstract Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke Soil Salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison till harvest) with 1.7 dS m−1 electrical conductivity irrigation waters, and (2) to assess the impact of Soil Salinization on grapevine's response. Soil samples were taken three times along each irrigation season and Soil solution samples were extracted weekly by suction cups. Soil saturation extract electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) were high in Autumn Royal (4.4 dS m−1 and 6.1 (mmol l−1)0.5) and very high in Crimson (7.0 dS m−1 and 8.6 (mmol l−1)0.5) due to relatively low leaching fractions (LF) (0.20 in Autumn Royal and 0.13 in Crimson). Soil solution salinity and sodicity were generally higher in the more severe RDI than in the full irrigation treatment. Soil salinity and sodicity generally increased along the irrigation seasons and decreased along the non-irrigation seasons. Salt accumulation or leaching and LF were significantly correlated, so that LF estimates could anticipate the required irrigation depths for Soil salinity control. Grapevine yield declined with increases in Soil salinity. Leaf Na concentrations were very low (
