The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Baoli Duan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Changes in growth and Soil microbial communities in reciprocal grafting clones between Populus deltoides males and females exposed to Water Deficit conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Weilong Liu, Yanping Wang, Xu Gong, Joseph M. Smoak, Baoli Duan
    Abstract:

    AbstractKey messageOur findings highlight that male-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) ofPopulus deltoidesare more Water-Deficit tolerant than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F), as shown by a smaller decrease in total biomass and net photosynthetic rate in the male-rooted clones.ContextIt has been reported that graft clones (female scion and male rootstock) in poplars may be an option to mitigate the effects of Water Deficit on plants. However, the extent to which grafting mitigates the effect of Soil Water Deficit on Soil microorganisms remains poorly understood.AimsThe research was designed to investigate the effects of Soil Water Deficit on plant growth, Soil microbial communities, and Soil enzymatic activities of the reciprocal graft clones of P. deltoides.MethodsFour different graft clones (female shoot scion and female rootstock, F/F; male shoot scion and female rootstock, M/F; male shoot scion and male rootstock scion, M/M; and female shoot scion and male rootstock, F/M) in P. deltoides were used. Two Watering regimes, irrigation and Soil Water Deficit (i.e., non-irrigation conditions, natural levels of precipitation) were included in the experiments. The microbial community structure was quantified using phospholipid fatty acid.ResultsUnder Water Deficit, the decreases in total biomass, net photosynthetic rates, and leaf nitrogen content were more evident in M/M and F/M than in F/F and M/F. Bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and actinomycetal PLFAs remained unaffected in the four graft clones. In contrast, during Soil Water Deficit, fungal PLFAs were higher in M/M and F/M Soil coincided with higher extracellular activities of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase.ConclusionMale-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) are more tolerant to Water Deficit than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F). It is possible that the better performance of M/M and F/M, when exposed to Water Deficit, is associated mainly with higher fine root activity, greater specific root length and root/shoot ratio as well as increased fungal PLFAs.

  • changes in growth and Soil microbial communities in reciprocal grafting clones between populus deltoides males and females exposed to Water Deficit conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Weilong Liu, Yanping Wang, Xu Gong, Joseph M. Smoak, Baoli Duan
    Abstract:

    Our findings highlight that male-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) of Populus deltoides are more Water-Deficit tolerant than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F), as shown by a smaller decrease in total biomass and net photosynthetic rate in the male-rooted clones. It has been reported that graft clones (female scion and male rootstock) in poplars may be an option to mitigate the effects of Water Deficit on plants. However, the extent to which grafting mitigates the effect of Soil Water Deficit on Soil microorganisms remains poorly understood. The research was designed to investigate the effects of Soil Water Deficit on plant growth, Soil microbial communities, and Soil enzymatic activities of the reciprocal graft clones of P. deltoides. Four different graft clones (female shoot scion and female rootstock, F/F; male shoot scion and female rootstock, M/F; male shoot scion and male rootstock scion, M/M; and female shoot scion and male rootstock, F/M) in P. deltoides were used. Two Watering regimes, irrigation and Soil Water Deficit (i.e., non-irrigation conditions, natural levels of precipitation) were included in the experiments. The microbial community structure was quantified using phospholipid fatty acid. Under Water Deficit, the decreases in total biomass, net photosynthetic rates, and leaf nitrogen content were more evident in M/M and F/M than in F/F and M/F. Bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and actinomycetal PLFAs remained unaffected in the four graft clones. In contrast, during Soil Water Deficit, fungal PLFAs were higher in M/M and F/M Soil coincided with higher extracellular activities of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase. Male-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) are more tolerant to Water Deficit than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F). It is possible that the better performance of M/M and F/M, when exposed to Water Deficit, is associated mainly with higher fine root activity, greater specific root length and root/shoot ratio as well as increased fungal PLFAs.

Weilong Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Changes in growth and Soil microbial communities in reciprocal grafting clones between Populus deltoides males and females exposed to Water Deficit conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Weilong Liu, Yanping Wang, Xu Gong, Joseph M. Smoak, Baoli Duan
    Abstract:

    AbstractKey messageOur findings highlight that male-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) ofPopulus deltoidesare more Water-Deficit tolerant than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F), as shown by a smaller decrease in total biomass and net photosynthetic rate in the male-rooted clones.ContextIt has been reported that graft clones (female scion and male rootstock) in poplars may be an option to mitigate the effects of Water Deficit on plants. However, the extent to which grafting mitigates the effect of Soil Water Deficit on Soil microorganisms remains poorly understood.AimsThe research was designed to investigate the effects of Soil Water Deficit on plant growth, Soil microbial communities, and Soil enzymatic activities of the reciprocal graft clones of P. deltoides.MethodsFour different graft clones (female shoot scion and female rootstock, F/F; male shoot scion and female rootstock, M/F; male shoot scion and male rootstock scion, M/M; and female shoot scion and male rootstock, F/M) in P. deltoides were used. Two Watering regimes, irrigation and Soil Water Deficit (i.e., non-irrigation conditions, natural levels of precipitation) were included in the experiments. The microbial community structure was quantified using phospholipid fatty acid.ResultsUnder Water Deficit, the decreases in total biomass, net photosynthetic rates, and leaf nitrogen content were more evident in M/M and F/M than in F/F and M/F. Bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and actinomycetal PLFAs remained unaffected in the four graft clones. In contrast, during Soil Water Deficit, fungal PLFAs were higher in M/M and F/M Soil coincided with higher extracellular activities of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase.ConclusionMale-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) are more tolerant to Water Deficit than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F). It is possible that the better performance of M/M and F/M, when exposed to Water Deficit, is associated mainly with higher fine root activity, greater specific root length and root/shoot ratio as well as increased fungal PLFAs.

  • changes in growth and Soil microbial communities in reciprocal grafting clones between populus deltoides males and females exposed to Water Deficit conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Weilong Liu, Yanping Wang, Xu Gong, Joseph M. Smoak, Baoli Duan
    Abstract:

    Our findings highlight that male-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) of Populus deltoides are more Water-Deficit tolerant than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F), as shown by a smaller decrease in total biomass and net photosynthetic rate in the male-rooted clones. It has been reported that graft clones (female scion and male rootstock) in poplars may be an option to mitigate the effects of Water Deficit on plants. However, the extent to which grafting mitigates the effect of Soil Water Deficit on Soil microorganisms remains poorly understood. The research was designed to investigate the effects of Soil Water Deficit on plant growth, Soil microbial communities, and Soil enzymatic activities of the reciprocal graft clones of P. deltoides. Four different graft clones (female shoot scion and female rootstock, F/F; male shoot scion and female rootstock, M/F; male shoot scion and male rootstock scion, M/M; and female shoot scion and male rootstock, F/M) in P. deltoides were used. Two Watering regimes, irrigation and Soil Water Deficit (i.e., non-irrigation conditions, natural levels of precipitation) were included in the experiments. The microbial community structure was quantified using phospholipid fatty acid. Under Water Deficit, the decreases in total biomass, net photosynthetic rates, and leaf nitrogen content were more evident in M/M and F/M than in F/F and M/F. Bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and actinomycetal PLFAs remained unaffected in the four graft clones. In contrast, during Soil Water Deficit, fungal PLFAs were higher in M/M and F/M Soil coincided with higher extracellular activities of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase. Male-rooted clones (M/M and F/M) are more tolerant to Water Deficit than female-rooted clones (F/F and M/F). It is possible that the better performance of M/M and F/M, when exposed to Water Deficit, is associated mainly with higher fine root activity, greater specific root length and root/shoot ratio as well as increased fungal PLFAs.

Rachid Serraj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative analysis of root transcriptome profiles of two pairs of drought tolerant and susceptible rice near isogenic lines under different drought stress
    BMC Plant Biology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ali Moumeni, Rachid Serraj, Kouji Satoh, Hiroaki Kondoh, Takayuki Asano, Aeni Hosaka, Ramiah Venuprasad, Arvind Kumar
    Abstract:

    Background Plant roots are important organs to uptake Soil Water and nutrients, perceiving and transducing of Soil Water Deficit signals to shoot. The current knowledge of drought stress transcriptomes in rice are mostly relying on comparative studies of diverse genetic background under drought. A more reliable approach is to use near-isogenic lines (NILs) with a common genetic background but contrasting levels of resistance to drought stress under initial exposure to Water Deficit. Here, we examined two pairs of NILs in IR64 background with contrasting drought tolerance. We obtained gene expression profile in roots of rice NILs under different levels of drought stress help to identify genes and mechanisms involved in drought stress.

  • Rice leaf growth and Water potential are resilient to evaporative demand and Soil Water Deficit once the effects of root system are neutralized
    Plant cell & environment, 2010
    Co-Authors: Boris Parent, Benoit Suard, Rachid Serraj
    Abstract:

    Rice is known to be sensitive to Soil Water Deficit and evaporative demand, with a greatest sensitivity of lowland-adapted genotypes. We have analysed the responses of plant Water relations and of leaf elongation rate (LER) to Soil Water status and evaporative demand in seven rice genotypes belonging to different species, subspecies, either upland- or lowland-adapted. In the considered range of Soil Water potential (0 to -0.6 MPa), stomatal conductance was controlled in such a way that the daytime leaf Water potential was similar in well-Watered, droughted or flooded conditions (isohydric behaviour). A low sensitivity of LER to evaporative demand was observed in the same three conditions, with small differences between genotypes and lower sensitivity than in maize. The sensitivity of LER to Soil Water Deficit was similar to that of maize. A tendency towards lower sensitivities was observed in upland than lowland genotypes but with smaller differences than expected. We conclude that leaf Water status and leaf elongation of rice are not particularly sensitive to Water Deficit. The main origin of drought sensitivity in rice may be its poor root system, whose effect was alleviated in the study presented here by growing plants in pots whose Soil was entirely colonized by roots of all genotypes.

Hojka Kraigher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • different belowground responses to elevated ozone and Soil Water Deficit in three european oak species quercus ilex q pubescens and q robur
    Science of The Total Environment, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tanja Mrak, Ines Straus, Tine Grebenc, Jožica Gricar, Yasutomo Hoshika, Giulia Carriero, Elena Paoletti, Hojka Kraigher
    Abstract:

    Effects on roots due to ozone and/or Soil Water Deficit often occur through diminished belowground allocation of carbon. Responses of root biomass, morphology, anatomy and ectomycorrhizal communities were investigated in seedlings of three oak species: Quercus ilex L., Q. pubescens Willd. and Q. robur L., exposed to combined effects of elevated ozone (ambient air and 1.4 × ambient air) and Water Deficit (100% and 10% irrigation relative to field capacity) for one growing season at a free-air ozone exposure facility. Effects on root biomass were observed as general reduction in coarse root biomass by -26.8% and in fine root biomass by -13.1% due to Water Deficit. Effect on coarse root biomass was the most prominent in Q. robur (-36.3%). Root morphological changes manifested as changes in proportions of fine root (<2 mm) diameter classes due to ozone and Water Deficit in Q. pubescens and due to Water Deficit in Q. robur. In addition, reduced fine root diameter (-8.49%) in Q. robur was observed under Water Deficit. Changes in root anatomy were observed as increased vessel density (+18.5%) due to ozone in all three species, as reduced vessel tangential diameter (-46.7%) in Q. ilex due to interaction of ozone and Water, and as generally increased bark to secondary xylem ratio (+47.0%) due to interaction of ozone and Water. Water Deficit influenced occurrence of distinct growth ring boundaries in roots of Q. ilex and Q. robur. It shifted the ectomycorrhizal community towards dominance of stress-resistant species, with reduced relative abundance of Tomentella sp. 2 and increased relative abundances of Sphaerosporella brunnea and Thelephora sp. Our results provide evidence that expression of stress effects varies between root traits; therefore the combined analysis of root traits is necessary to obtain a complete picture of belowground responses.

Renato K Braghiere - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulating the effects of Water limitation on plant biomass using a 3d functional structural plant model of shoot and root driven by Soil hydraulics
    Annals of Botany, 2020
    Co-Authors: Renato K Braghiere, Frederic Gerard, Jochem B Evers, Christophe Pradal, Loic Pages
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Improved modelling of carbon assimilation and plant growth to low Soil moisture requires evaluation of underlying mechanisms in the Soil, roots, and shoots. The feedback between plants and their local environment throughout the whole spectrum Soil-root-shoot-environment is crucial to accurately describe and evaluate the impact of environmental changes on plant development. This study presents a 3D functional structural plant model, in which shoot and root growth are driven by radiative transfer, photosynthesis, and Soil hydrodynamics through different parameterisation schemes relating Soil Water Deficit and carbon assimilation. The new coupled model is used to evaluate the impact of Soil moisture availability on plant productivity for two different groups of flowering plants under different spatial configurations. METHODS: In order to address different aspects of plant development due to limited Soil Water availability, a 3D FSP model including root, shoot, and Soil was constructed by linking three different well-stablished models of airborne plant, root architecture, and reactive transport in the Soil. Different parameterisation schemes were used in order to integrate photosynthetic rate with root Water uptake within the coupled model. The behaviour of the model was assessed on how the growth of two different types of plants, i.e., monocot and dicot, is impacted by Soil Water Deficit under different competitive conditions: isolated (no competition), intra and interspecific competition. KEY RESULTS: The model proved to be capable of simulating carbon assimilation and plant development under different growing settings including isolated monocots and dicots, intra, and interspecific competition. The model predicted that (1) that Soil Water availability has a larger impact on photosynthesis than on carbon allocation; (2) that Soil Water Deficit has an impact on root and shoot biomass production by up to 90% for monocots and 50% for dicots; and (3) that the improved dicot biomass production in interspecific competition was highly related to root depth and plant transpiration. CONCLUSIONS: An integrated model of 3D shoot architecture and biomass development with a 3D root system representation, including light limitation and Water uptake considering Soil hydraulics, was presented. Plant-plant competition and regulation on stomatal conductance to drought were able to be predicted by the model. In the cases evaluated here, Water limitation impacted plant growth almost 10 times more than the light environment.